St. Peter (Münchnerau)
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The Roman Catholic branch church of St. Peter in Münchnerau , a district of the Lower Bavarian district capital Landshut, is a late Romanesque choir tower church from the 12th or 13th century, which was converted to Baroque style in the 17th and 18th centuries . Since the church is to the left (north) of the Isar, it belongs to the parish Eugenbach , which in turn is assigned to the diocese of Regensburg . The church consecrated to the “Prince of the Apostles” Peter (feast day: June 29) is registered as a monument with the number D-2-61-000-599 at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation .
Location and surroundings
St. Peter is located around five kilometers west of the city center of Landshut and forms the middle of the old town center of Münchnerau. The Klötzlmühlbach runs around 300 meters south-east, and the Isar and the Middle Isar Canal just under 1500 meters south . The church is surrounded by the small village cemetery . There is a crucifix that shows the instruments of Christ's passion , paintings of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the “favorite disciple” John as well as a banner with the text killed by hate - buried by love . Also worth seeing are some wrought iron grave crosses from the 17th and 18th centuries. The soul chapel to the south of the church was built around 1730 in the early Rococo style. On the flat ceiling in the interior there are stucco work from the time it was built.
history
Münchnerau, today a part of Landshut, is much older than the city center itself. As early as the 8th century, three Benedictine monks from the St. Emmeram monastery in Regensburg are said to have settled here in order to promote the missionary work of the Bavarian population in the spirit of the Agilolfing tribal dukes. Hence the place name Münchnerau, which describes the settlement activity of monks in the Au . The original parish of Eugenbach was probably created around 750 from the monks' pastoral care , to which Münchnerau belongs again after it was re-founded in 1922. The former parish area, however, was much larger and extended roughly to Furth , Neuhausen and Oberglaim , i.e. far into the northern district of Landshut .
In addition to the parish church in Eugenbach, there was probably a church in Münchnerau very early on. Around 1200, however, a first stone building replaced the probably wooden predecessor churches. The three lower floors of the choir tower and the nave are still preserved from this late Romanesque church . The fourth and top floor of the tower with the ogival sound openings and the pointed helmet was probably put on in Gothic times. In the 17th and 18th centuries, around 1660, the branch church was redesigned in the Baroque style. In addition to enlarging the window openings, the interior fittings in particular were adapted to contemporary tastes. The pulpit dates from around 1720, the three rococo altars only came into the church around 1750. The neo-Gothic tower spire was put on in the second half of the 19th century.
architecture
Exterior construction
The hall building , which faces east , includes a two-bay nave under a steep gable roof , to which a small porch was added on the west side . Except for the baroque, arched window openings and a sundial on the south side, it is largely undivided. On the east side, the massive, four-story choir tower adjoins on an almost square floor plan . Again to the east is a small sacristy extension with a pent roof . While the nave and vestibule are whitewashed, the choir tower and sacristy are distinguished by their yellow facade color.
The lowest tower floor, which has generous, arched window openings to the north and south, forms a recessed choir . This and the two floors above date from the late Romanesque period and are structured by white round arch friezes between white pilaster strips , which are crowned by a so-called German band of bricks standing over the corner . The earlier, arched sound openings on the third floor are walled up. The fourth tower storey, which was added during the Gothic period, has ogival sound openings in white wall backs and, mediated by four triangular gables , merges into an eight-sided, neo-Gothic pointed helmet , which is covered with wooden shingles. It is crowned with a tower ball and a cross. On closer inspection, the observer recognizes that the tower helmet is slightly crooked today due to the influence of wind and weather.
inner space
The narrow nave is spanned by a flat ceiling, the slightly retracted choir is spanned by a flat dome . On the round chancel arch , the baroque shape can still be seen today through pilasters placed in front of it with a cranked cornice . In the rear area of the nave, a wooden gallery with a curved parapet has been inserted, which rests on two wooden round pillars.
Furnishing
Altars
The rococo high altar from around 1750 has a concave structure supported by two pilasters and two inclined round columns. Above the tabernacle with six coiled columns is the main painting, in which Jesus Christ hands over the keys to the church patron Peter shortly before his ascension to heaven . Carved tendrils form the side of the altar structure. The painted antependium shows the baptism of Christ . The door leaves of the two side passages bear paintings of the "peasant saints" Wendelin (left) and Notburga (right). Above this are the side figures of Saints Martin (left) and Nikolaus (right) on small pedestals , possibly from the workshop of the famous Landshut rococo sculptor Christian Jorhan the Elder. Ä. come.
The two side altars, like the high altar, are made in rococo style and also date from around 1750. They too have a concave shape due to two inclined round columns. The north (left) side altar shows St. Joseph with the baby Jesus in the main picture , and St. Barbara in the excerpt . Instead of the tabernacle there is a small rococo figure of the Madonna and Child. As with the high altar, the cafeteria is decorated with a painted antependium that shows the Virgin Mary and the “favorite disciple” John with the body of Jesus. The right side altar contains an altarpiece of Mary with the baby Jesus, both crowned. The Mother of God also wears a wide, black baroque cloak, so the representation is of the type of the protective cloak Madonna . In the extract picture you can see a representation of Maria Magdalena . Instead of the tabernacle there is a small baroque figure, which is a copy of the Black Madonna von Altötting . The painted antependium shows the death of Mary .
pulpit
The late baroque pulpit on the Gospel side dates from around 1720. It has a polygonal body that is divided into four fields by winding corner pillars. In each of these there is a shell niche with the figure of one of the four evangelists .
Other equipment
Next to the pulpit is an almost life-size figure of Maria Immaculata , opposite a crucifixion group from the 18th century. The baroque furnishings of the 18th century also include the cross-way panels painted on canvas and a small figure of the Resurrection Christ, a work from the late creative period of Christian Jorhans the Elder. Ä.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Anton Eckardt (Ed.): Art monuments of the Kingdom of Bavaria - District Office Landshut . Oldenbourg, Munich 1914, pp. 166f. ( Digitized version ).
- ↑ From the tribal duchy to the Free State - the area of today's Landshut district in Bavarian history . Online at www.landkreis-landshut.de; Retrieved April 18, 2017.
- ↑ Churches in Landshut - St. Peter, St. Georg and Chapel Anna selbdritt . Online at www.swolfgang.de; Retrieved April 19, 2017.
- ↑ a b c Church of St. Peter, Münchnerau . Online at www.pfarrei-eu-mue.de; accessed on August 4, 2020. According to Hans Bleibrunner: Landshut - Historischer Stadtführer, 1985.
- ↑ a b c d e f Münchnerau, St. Petrus . Online at kirchturm.net; Retrieved April 18, 2017.
Coordinates: 48 ° 31 '40.4 " N , 12 ° 4' 50.7" E