Steinfeld (Lower Austria)

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The Steinfeld , also known as the dry plain , is the southern region of the Vienna Basin in Lower Austria . The name comes from two gently sloping gravel fans from the Riss glaciation, which are located at an altitude of 210 to 370  m above sea level. A. lie.

The most important cities are Wiener Neustadt and Neunkirchen . The area is drained above ground by Schwarza and Piesting and underground by the groundwater body of the Mitterndorfer Basin .

The landscape is bounded in the south by the Bucklige Welt , in the west by the so-called Viennese Alps with the mountains Rax , Schneeberg and Hohe Wand and in the north and east by the Triesting and Feuchten Plains ( e.g. Oberwaltersdorf , Ebreichsdorf , Fischa , Leitha ), into which the stone field merges smoothly and interlocked.

The southern Steinfeld of Schwarzau , with Gösing-Hochberg -Zug and Schneeberg -assif

structure

The Neunkirchen gravel fan in the south was poured from Neunkirchen in a predominantly north-easterly direction towards Wiener Neustadt by the Ice Age Schwarza and has a gradient of approx. 0.75%. The Wiener Neustädter baseline lies exactly in the fall line .

The Wöllersdorf gravel fan located in the north was poured from Wöllersdorf in a conical shape to the southeast (Wiener Neustadt), east ( Eggendorf ) and northeast ( Sollenau , Teesdorf ) by the Ice Age Piesting . The flat cone shape (also approx. 0.75%) can be seen on the almost perfectly circular section of the Wiener Neustädter Canal from Wiener Neustadt via Theresienfeld to Leobersdorf .

history

The southern heathland area at Neunkirchner Schotterfächer was partially reforested with black pines under Empress Maria Theresia , which were primarily intended to prevent the landscape from becoming desertified and, through bad luck , offered the population an opportunity to earn a living. Only remnants of the original large-scale heathland remained on the Wöllersdorf gravel fan, such as in the area of ​​the Blumau - Großmittel garrison training area and in the natural reserve Kalkschottersteppe Obereggendorf .

climate

The Steinfeld is influenced by the Pannonian climate , where the continental influence is quite high compared to other areas of Austria. The summers are very warm, the winters are cold and both are rather dry. Precipitation from west and north-west weather conditions is quite low in the Steinfeld, this is held back by the mountains west of the Steinfeld (Schneeberg, Hohe Wand, Voralpen). In such weather conditions, the amount of snow in winter is extremely low.

The Steinfeld receives most of the precipitation when a northern Italy depression and associated precipitation come from the south-east, where considerable amounts of rain can fall within a short period of time or an impressive blanket of snow can form in winter. If there is sufficient moisture, violent thunderstorm cells often form over the stone field (tornadoes have also been observed). During longer, very hot periods, however, the thermals radiated from the stone field prevent any thunderstorms from forming.

economy

Agriculture

Due to the very barren and water-permeable soil, in which rainwater can only be stored poorly, the stone field has always only been of limited use for agriculture. Agriculture becomes very difficult, especially when longer periods of heat and drought occur in summer . It will u. a. Grain (especially rye ), maize , rape and green fodder are grown for animal husbandry.

Industry

Many industrial companies settled in Steinfeld very early on, as the land prices were very cheap here. The iron and steel industry in particular used the nearby Styrian iron to produce here. Many paper mills and spinning mills also settled v. a. because of the cheap hydropower on the Schwarza. These old industries ran into great economic difficulties in the last decades of the 20th century; many factories had to be closed. Large-scale gravel mining for the construction industry is also carried out in the Steinfeld .

Small region

Small regions are associations of Lower Austrian municipalities on a voluntary basis, which are intended to improve regional cooperation. The municipalities of Eggendorf, Felixdorf , Sollenau and Theresienfeld have come together to form the small region of Steinfeld .

literature

  • Songs of work in song. A cultural-historical foray through the working world of the Steinfeld. With accompanying CD of various workers' songs, with various photos and illustrations and music samples, editing: Gerhard Geissl, Industrieviertel-Museum , Wiener Neustadt 2003, ISBN 3-9501753-0-X .

Web links

Coordinates: 47 ° 45 ′ 50 ″  N , 16 ° 9 ′ 50 ″  E