Bucklige Welt (Lower Austria)
| Hunchback world | ||
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 View over Grimmenstein and into the Bucklige Welt |
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| Highest peak | Eselberg ( 974 m above sea level ) | |
| location | Lower Austria , Austria | |
| part of | Edge mountains east of the Mur , Central Alps , Alps | |
| Classification according to | Trimmel 2870 | |
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 37 ' N , 16 ° 11' E | |
The Bucklige Welt is a landscape in the southeast of Lower Austria in the triangle of Lower Austria, Burgenland and Styria. Due to its topography, this landscape is also known as the land of 1000 hills .
geography
The Bucklige Welt is a hill country on the eastern edge of the Alps . The height is between 375 and 900 m above sea level. A. The Bucklige Welt got its name from these numerous hills, which are called Buckln by the local population .
In the southwest, the Bucklige Welt is bordered by the Wechselmassiv and in the west by the Semmering area . Towards the north it slopes down to the Vienna Basin , where it also drains via the Pitten . In the northeast, the Rosaliengebirge forms the border to the Wulka Basin as part of the Neusiedler See basin, to the east the Ödenburg Mountains lie as the eastern tip of the northern spur of the Eastern Alps, south of which the Bucklige Welt runs out towards Oberpullendorf into the Mittelburgenland Bay (Oberpullendorfer Basin) . In the south are the Günser Mountains and the southern Burgenland hill country / Riedelland , in the southwest the Joglland .
The mountain group breakdown according to Trimmel divides the group 2870 Bucklige Welt into hydrographic subgroups west of the Pitten (2871) and east of the Pitten (2872), likewise the nature conservation concept Lower Austria ( Bucklige Welt - West and Ost ). The common boundary runs according to Trimmel (counterclockwise):
- in the north Schwarza or Leitha (below the mouth of the Pitten) - upstream to Neunkirchen against the Vienna Basin (1920), to Ternitz against Gösing-Hochberg-Gruppe (1861), to Gloggnitz against Schneeberg (1854)
- in the west: Auebach to Weißenbach - Schlagl - road to Otterthal towards the Semmering area (2860)
- in the southwest: Otterthal - Otterbach - Kirchberg aW - Feistritzbach to the confluence with the Great Pestingbach to the Pitten (at the Wanghof) - Pestingbach up to Aspang against the change (2852)
- in the South: Aspang - Kaolinwerk - Feiglwirt (Kote 709) - Zöbern - Zöbernbach about Kirchschlag to frontier - frontier to Rabnitzbach against the group Geschriebenstein (2822)
- The boundary at Aspang via Kirchschlag is not common practice; there are also delimitations on the Wechselpass near Mönichkirchen - (Styrian) diving stream , and to the east around the Hartberg , for example Spitalbach (course of the Tauern Railway) or the course of the A2 ; in general, one speaks of Wechselland east of the Mönichkirchner Wechselpass (for example as a small region in Lower Austria)
- On the Styrian side, the border is seen down to Pinka near Friedberg / Pinggau , here one speaks either of Bucklige Welt ( landscape structure of Styria ) or as far as the eastern border of Wechselland (tourism region); then the Bucklige Welt on the Pinka borders on the Joglland
- the mountains here, especially on the Burgenland side, are also specifically called the Bernstein Mountains ; This can also be seen as part of the hunchback world, the relatively non-specific in the Southern Burgenland's hill country runs out and orographic at under- or Oberkohlstätten the Günser mountains borders
- in the east: Trimmel does not consider the rest of the area up to the state border to be separate from the Hunchback World
- the border towards the Landseer Gebirge is largely arbitrary, it can also be seen as part of the Hunchback World; then the eastern border to the Oberpullendorfer Basin and the Ödenburger Gebirge is the Stooberbach
- against the Rosaliengebirge generally applies: its tributary, the Schwarzgrabenbach (also Schwarzbach, near Essengraben ) - Am Markstein - Ofenbach (near Ofenbach , to Leitha), or the valley to the west of it, the Klingfurther Bach (near Klingfurth , also to Leitha); The Rosalia is also sometimes counted as part of the Bucklige Welt, with the mountain foot at Forchtenstein and Wiesen to the Wulka basin , or with a further southeast border to Marzerbach - Sieggraben - Stooberbach, this is the orographically most striking valley range in the area
The northeastern foothills of the Wechselstocks around Alpl ( 1499 m ) and Kampstein ( 1467 m ) are also counted as part of the Bucklige Welt, and sometimes the Hochwechsel ( 1743 m ) itself is given as their highest mountain. In the borders to Trimmel, Eselberg near Kirchberg is the highest point at 974 m .
According to the Alpine Club division of the Eastern Alps (AVE), the Bucklige Welt belongs to the marginal mountains east of the Mur (No. 47), according to Trimmel to the main group of the Cetian Alps and the hill country of eastern Styria and Burgenland (No. 2800). Geologically, the hill country still belongs to the Central Alps , which here begin to submerge under the Pannonian Plain .
Administration and population
Administratively, the landscape belongs to the Neunkirchen district and the southern part of the Wiener Neustadt-Land district .
Small region
Small regions are associations of Lower Austrian municipalities on a voluntary basis, which are intended to improve regional cooperation. The 23 communities Bad Erlach , Bad Schönau , Bromberg , Edlitz , Grimmenstein , Hochneukirchen-Gschaidt , Hochwolkersdorf , Hollenthon , Katzelsdorf , Kirchschlag , Krumbach , Lanzenkirchen , Lichtenegg , Pitten , Scheiblingkirchen-Thernberg , Schwarzau am Steinfeld , have joined together to form the Bucklige Welt region . Schwarzenbach , Seebenstein , Thomasberg , Walpersbach , Warth , Wiesmath and Zöbern merged.
This corresponds to around 38,000 inhabitants on an area of 585.9 square kilometers. This corresponds to a population density of 66 inhabitants per square kilometer.
In order to promote tourism, the municipalities have formed various tourism associations. Umbrella organization is the Association Joint Bucklige Welt region to work together in the 23 municipalities, he is the bearer of the name brand of the tourist region .
climate
Despite its small size, the Bucklige Welt has a share in three different climatic zones: The southeastern part belongs to the Illyrian climate province , while the northern edge area is dominated by the Pannonian climate . The central and higher areas can be assigned to the alpine transitional climate.
history
The area of the Bucklige Welt was settled very early in some places, in the Pitten area probably since the end of the 3rd millennium BC. Chr. Pitten is first mentioned in a document in 869; Erlach 987, Grimmenstein 1155, Krumbach 1182. In the year 1000, however, the Bucklige Welt was largely a closed woodland that was almost uninhabited.
The colonization began after the victory of Count Gottfried von Wels-Lambach over the Magyars in 1042 near Pitten, when he took over the area from Emperor Heinrich III. received as a fief. The County of Pitten came to the Counts of Formbach through his daughter . When Count Eckbert III. von Formbach-Neuburg died in 1158, the entire area fell to the Margraves of Styria . The Bucklige Welt belonged to the Duchy of Styria for almost 400 years and only finally fell to the Duchy of Austria in the 16th century .
The area was fought over for centuries as the eastern border of the empire. The Ottomans, for example, came from the Hungarian lowlands via the Bucklige Welt to what is now Lower Austria. The area around Kirchschlag also represented the border with Hungary until 1921. Hungarian irregulars fought in the "Battle of Kirchschlag" on September 5, 1921 against the Austrian Armed Forces against the incorporation of German West Hungary into Austria as Burgenland. The Red Army marched into Lower Austria for the first time on March 30, 1945 ( Good Friday ) near Kirchschlag. She set up her command post in Hochwolkersdorf , where the first talks between the Soviets and Karl Renner about the constitution of Austria as a democratic republic took place. This encounter resulted in the formation of a provisional government under Karl Renner and the re-establishment of Austria in the Second Republic.
dialect
While the dialect in most of Lower Austria falls into the family of the Central Bavarian language area, the Bucklige Welt belongs together with large parts of Styria, the southern and central Burgenland to the "South-Central Bavarian transition area". The dialect spoken here shows features of both the South Bavarian and the Central Bavarian dialect. To outsiders, the dialect often sounds clearly “Styrian”.
Economy and Transport
In 2001 there were 1,404 non-agricultural workplaces in the 23 communities of the Bucklige Welt, agricultural and forestry operations according to the 1999 survey 2,005. According to the 2001 census, the number of people in employment in the places of residence was 17,668.
Economically, the area is strongly influenced by agriculture, especially apple and pear orchards are widespread. Typical of the Bucklige Welt are the cider taverns , which not only sell cider and sweet cider , but also offer delicacies from the region.
In terms of traffic, the Bucklige Welt is accessible through the A 2 Südautobahn , B 54 Wechsel Strasse , B 55 Kirchschlager Strasse and the Aspangbahn .
Culture and sights
Tri-border region
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The Dreiländerstein near Hochneukirchen-Gschaidt is a border stone between the federal states of Lower Austria, Burgenland and Styria. This intersection has existed since 1921, when Burgenland came to Austria. Before the First World War , the border between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary ran here.
Wehrkirchenstrasse Bucklige Welt
The route around the fortified churches in Edlitz, Krumbach, Hochneukirchen, Bad Schönau, Kirchschlag, Lichtenegg, Hollenthon, Wiesmath, Hochwolkersdorf, Bromberg, Pitten, Lanzenkirchen and Katzelsdorf is designed as a "fortified church road". Each of these churches is signposted with a brief description of the fortifications.
Celtic village of Schwarzenbach
The Celts laid here in the 2nd millennium BC. A town-like settlement ( hill settlement Burg in Schwarzenbach ). After excavation and research work by the “Vienna Institute for Archaeological Science”, the Archaeological Park (open-air museum) Schwarzenbach was opened in 2005-2006 .
Museum village Krumbach
A small museum village was built around the Bürgerspital (built by Erasmus von Puchheim in 1571), which shows the beginnings of handicrafts and rural culture on the one hand, and the life of the nobility in the Bucklige Welt on the other. In addition to the citizen's hospital, a mill with an oil drum, a rural bulk floor and a complete house from 1471 have been preserved. The highlight is the "Tannbauern-Hof". Due to its construction with a central corridor and two-storey storage facility, this building is unique east of the Alps and was relocated to the museum village between 2015 and 2019.
Memorial room 1945 Hochwolkersdorf
The talks between the Soviets and Karl Renner about the re-establishment of Austria as a republic in April 1945 took place in Hochwolkersdorfer residential building No. 10, which was then the headquarters of the 9th Soviet Guard Army. Today a memorial room about the “birthplace of the Second Republic” has been set up here.
Hexenweg
In 1671 in Schlatten near Bromberg , the herbalist Afra Schickh was arrested for allegedly beating the devil. She was executed at the stake on September 11, 1671 in Wiener Neustadt . The "Bromberger Hexenweg" is a documentation of the suffering of Afra Schickh and the victims of the witch hunt . From 2004 to 2010, an annual open-air play was performed at the so-called "Bucklige Welt witch's summer" in Bromberg.
Passion Play Kirchschlag
The Passion of Jesus Christ has been staged in Kirchschlag since 1932. Since 1975 these performances have taken place every 5 years from May to October. The next Passion Play will take place in 2020.
Hat wipe & Kuhr bar
The "Hutwisch" or "Huatwisch" near Hochneukirchen-Gschaidt (also called the "roof of the (humpbacked) world") and the Kuhriegel near Krumbach are 896 m above sea level. A. The two highest peaks in the Hunchback World. From the 22 meter high Kernstockwarte on Hutwisch there is a panoramic view over the hills of the Bucklige Welt and into Burgenland, Styria, the Rax and the Schneeberg. The observation tower was first built in 1882 and the observation tower that exists today was built in 1978. The Hutwisch lookout point is also the starting point for the "Bakabu Children's Adventure Trail". The path discussed by Christian Tramitz tells local myths and provides information about the region and the surrounding area.
The route of the Trans Austria gas pipeline with its three pipelines, TAG I, II and III , runs over the Kuhriegel . The wooden observation tower that used to stand on the Kuhriegel was torn down in the early 1970s because it was dilapidated and has now rotted away in the forest floor. Nevertheless, there is a beautiful view to the north to the wind power plant in Lichtenegg and to the change to the south. The distance between the two highest points is around 11.2 km.
Other tourist destinations in the Bucklige Welt are the Seebenstein-Türkensturz nature park , the “Pewter Figure World Katzelsdorf”, the Krumbach museum village, cycling and hiking trails and the Most-Heurigen .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Alois M. Holzer: Weather Chronicle of the Bucklige World 2nd Edition, Krumbach 1997 (Online: Archive link ( Memento of the original from February 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and Archive link according to instructions and then remove this note. )
- ^ Karl Gutkas (ed.): Landeschronik Niederösterreich. Vienna-Munich 1990, p. 49
- ↑ Gutkas, Landeschronik , p. 47
- ^ Common Bucklige Welt region: culture and history. Retrieved June 21, 2019 (Austrian German).
- ↑ South-Central Bavarian transition area ( memento of the original from October 25, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at the Institute for Austrian Dialect and Name Encyclopedias ( Memento of the original from January 15, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Statistical information on districts and municipalities ( memento of the original from June 12, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. in the state of Lower Austria
- ↑ Lookout point at Hutwisch. Retrieved June 21, 2019 (Austrian German).
- ↑ BAKABU children's adventure trail. In: Roof Of The World. Accessed June 21, 2019 (German).
