Wong Tai Sin Temple

Wong Tai Sin Temple
The Main Temple Hall - 黃大仙 祠 正殿 - Wong Tai Sin Temple Complex, 2007
Data
place	2 Chuk Yuen Village, Wong Tai Sin , Kowloon Hong Kong , China
Client	Sik Sik Yuen ( charitable sponsorship )
Construction year	1921
Coordinates	22 ° 20 '33 "  N , 114 ° 11' 36.6"  E Coordinates: 22 ° 20 '33 "  N , 114 ° 11' 36.6"  E

The Wong Tai Sin Temple ( Chinese  黃大仙 祠  /  黄大仙 祠 , Pinyin Huáng Dàxian Sì , Jyutping Wong ⁴ Daai ⁶ sin ¹ Ci ⁴ , English Wong Tai Sin Temple ) is a Taoist cult site in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region . It is dedicated to the "Great Immortal Wong" - Wong Tai Sin 黃大仙  /  黄大仙 - a Daotist saint from the 4th century AD . He gave his name to the district of the same name on the Kowloon Peninsula . The temple complex is also in spite of its Daoist origin saint of Buddhism and Confucianism dedicated. This is a peculiarity among the sacred places of worship in Hong Kong and is known in the Chinese culture as the three teachings . The temple is said to have always received an answer to requests and astrological questions from the oracle - 求 籤 問 卜  /  求 签 问 卜 - 有求必應 . The Wong Tai Sin Temple is one of the temples in Hong Kong with the most visitors. It is popular as a tourist destination for both out-of-town visitors and locals. Especially on traditional festivals such as the Chinese New Year , the temple is open almost 24 hours a day in shifts due to the large number of visitors in order to cope with the onslaught of believers.

Designation and administration

The Hong Kong Wong Tai Sin Temple is just one of several temple complexes worldwide. There are also temples in the cities of Foshan , Guangzhou , Jinhua , Sydney and Miami . The supporting organization Sik Sik Yuen , which is responsible for the operation and administration, belongs like many other temples in Hong Kong to the "Chinese Temple Committee " - 華人 廟宇 委員會  /  华人 庙宇 委员会 , English Chinese Temples Committee - of the city. Therefore, the temple is also known by the Hong Kong citizens as "Siki-Sik-Yuen Wong-Tai-Sin Temple" - 嗇 色 園 黃大仙 祠  /  啬 色 园 黄大仙 祠 .

etymology

Wong-Tai-Sin

Wong-Tai-Sins ( 黃大仙  /  黄大仙 , Huáng Dàxian , Jyutping Wong ⁴ Daai ⁶ sin ¹ ) real name was Huáng Chūpíng ( 黃 初 平  /  黄 初 平 , Cantonese  Wong Cho-Ping ; approx. 328–386), a young shepherd from the city of Jinhua - Jinhua historic district 金華縣  /  金华县 , who at the time of the Eastern Jin ( 317 - 420 ) has lived and names founder is the Taoist temple. He was later a Daoist hermit and after his death as a "great" saint - "Da Xian ", Cantonese "Tai Sin " - venerated. Legend has it that the 15-year-old shepherd met a Taoist master on the northern “red pine hill ” - 赤松 山 of his hometown, who gave him instructions and showed him the way. That is why he was later referred to in the Daoist circle as "saint of the red pine hill " - 赤松 仙子 . The temple is therefore also under its full name as “ Chekchung Wong Tai Sin Temple” ( 赤松 黃大仙 祠  /  赤松 黄大仙 祠  - “Red Pine Wong Tai Sin Temple, for example: Temple of the Great Daoist Saint Wong from the Red Pine Hill ") known.

Sik Sik Yuen

Sik Sik Yuen ( 嗇 色 園  /  啬 色 园 , Sèsè Yuán , Jyutping Sik ¹ sik ¹ Jyun ⁴ ) was officially founded in 1921 and is the name of the charitable organization supporting the Wong Tai Sin Temple. The term Sik Sik - 嗇 色  /  啬 色 , sè , Jyutping sik ¹ sik ¹ - literally means "stingy with the superficial beautiful things in this world". In a sense, it means, for example, “curb yourself in worldly desires” and “be restrained in the pursuit of worldly pleasures and not exaggerate”, ie not go to extremes. The term Yuen - 園  /  园 , yuán , Jyutping jyun ⁴ - is usually translated as garden or park, but here, too, it has the meaning of a public place or a fenced place for recreation.

history

Development in Guangdong

The Paifang -Hautpteingang ( 金華 分 蹟 牌坊 ) - To the temple main hall, 2012

The Paifang side entrance ( 第一 洞天 牌坊 ) - To the temple grounds, 2005

1897 towards the end of the Qing Dynasty in Guangdong Panyu , the simple imperial customs officer Liáng Rén'ān - 梁 仁 庵 , also outdated 梁 仁 菴 , Jyutping Loeng ⁴ Jan ⁴ 'on ¹ - occasionally with good friends in the occult evening by means of Fújī - sessions - 扶乩  - "Chinese planchette " the time. One evening Liáng got in touch with Huáng Chūpíng - also known as the Taoist saint Wong Tai Sin . Liáng received the instruction to look after people and to help those in need in order to lead them to good - 普 濟 勸善  /  普 济 劝善 - and became a follower of Daoism. In 1898 on the birthday of "Great Immortal Wong", on the 28th of the eighth month in the Chinese calendar , Liáng received permission and instructions to build a temple in honor of "Great Immortal Wong". Thereupon he successfully collected the necessary financial means, around 1899 a year later in the fifth or sixth month of the Chinese calendar in Guangzhou Fangcun - 廣州 芳村  /  广州 芳村 , historically Guǎngzhōu Huādài 廣州 花 埭  /  广州 花 埭 - the first Wong-Tai- Sin Temple with the altar name Pǔqìngtán - 普 慶 壇  /  普 庆 坛 - to open. The temple attracted many believers in the Pearl River Delta region . In 1901 Liáng withdrew to his home village Rěngāng - 稔 岡村  /  稔 冈村 - near Nanhai in Foshan on the Xiqiao Shan - 西樵 山 - in order to complete a new Pǔqìngtán altar there in 1903 , as the "holy Wong" was close by Predicted future unrest across the country.

After the Xinhai Revolution in 1911 and the Benevolent Treaty of 1912 between Emperor Puyi and the new Chinese Republic , which sealed the abdication of the Chinese Emperor , the era of feudalism ended in China . Many temples and religious places of worship were devastated according to the motto of renewal, "destroy the old to build new" - 破舊立新  /  破旧立新 , pòjiù-lìxīn , and this also included the Wong Tai Sin Temple in Guangzhou.

The young Republic of China (1912–1949) did not bring political or social stability to the country and so Liáng Rén'ān - 梁 仁 庵 - and his son Liáng Jūnzhuǎn - 梁 鈞 轉  /  梁 钧 转 - left China for the south and arrived in colonial Hong Kong in 1915 . (see Opium Wars , Unequal Treaties , Treaty of Nanking , First and Second Beijing Conventions )

Development in Hong Kong

Wong Tai Sin Temple - 黃大仙 祠 - Between residential buildings, 2013

Visitors in front of the main temple - Hong Kong, 2017

On the island of Hong Kong, Liáng first opened a small shrine in a rented apartment. During the day on Jervois Street - 蘇杭 街  /  苏杭 街 historical 乍 畏 街 - and in the evening at the "historical night market" of Possession Street in Sheung Wan - 上 環 大 笪 地  /  上 环 大 笪 地 - he continued the missionary work. In March 1916 he brought the shrine to the new herb shop for TCM medicine on Queen's Road East - 皇后大道東  /  皇后大道东 ugs. 大道 東  /  大道 东 - in Wan Chai and the popularity of the "Great Immortal Wong" gradually grew. After a setback from the fire in 1918, the Liángs first moved on to the east coast of Wan Chai.

After another consultation with Fuji, in 1921 the Liángs looked for a place to build a temple on the Kowloon Peninsula , near Kowloon City -Pier in the direction of the mountain from about 3,600 paces away, on the instructions of the “holy Wongs” . At the foot of the mountain of the village of Chuk Yuen - 竹園 村  /  竹园 村 , English Chuk Yuen Village  - "bamboo garden village" - they finally found a suitable place. After several Fuji consultations with various deities or saints of Daoism , they built a small shrine with the altar called Pǔyítán - 普 宜 壇  /  普 宜 坛 - on the seventh month of the Chinese calendar. In the same year, 1921, for the birthday of "Holy Wong" on the eighth month on the 23rd of the Chinese calendar, the shrine in Kowloon was opened and they named the place Sik Sik Yuen , which was eventually recognized as an administrative body and later as a non-profit organization. Initially, the temple was Chekchung Sin Temple - 赤松仙觀  /  赤松仙观  - "Temple of Taoist saints from Red Pine Hill" - and was 1925 in Chekchung Wong Sin Temple - 赤松黃仙祠  /  赤松黄仙祠 renamed .

In the early years 1921–1933, the Liáng family's small shrine was a private Daoist institution. The funds for the construction of the Wong Tai Sin Temple came almost exclusively from four wealthy Chinese businessmen in Hong Kong who became Daoists and whose medical ailments were cured by prescribing medicinal herbs in Liáng's herb shop in Wanchai. Due to the high demand from believers, the administration of the temple, with the help of the then chairman Sir Tsun-Nin Chau - 周 埈 年 , Zhōu Jùnnián - of the "Chinese Temple Committee", applied for an opening to the public for the traditional Chinese New Year month - 農曆 正月  /  农历 正月 . During and after World War II ( Pacific War ), many Chinese refugees from mainland China came to Hong Kong due to political unrest and civil war in China . Many of them settled in Kowloon. Various informal hut and barrack settlements arose near the temple.

In the 1950s, the Wong Tai Sin Temple helped many people in need, especially among the new refugees from Hong Kong, who lost everything after the great fire in the hut settlements of North Kowloon near Shek Kip Mei in December 1953. The general support, notoriety and following of the Wong Tai Sins Temple also grew among the general population of Hong Kong. In 1956, the then Hong Kong government proposed reclaiming the temple grounds in order to build urgently needed social housing for the new citizens of Hong Kong. (see Public Housing and New Towns in Hong Kong ) The then chairman Sik sik Yuens Wong Wan-Tin fought for the temple to continue operating and the proposal of the colonial government failed. In order to be recognized as a charity, the temple at the main hall took 10 Hong Kong cents in to donate the proceeds to the oldest and largest charitable organization in Hong Kong, the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals . On August 21, 1956, the official application for a complete opening to the public was finally issued. In 1965, Sik Sik Yuen was recognized by the then Hong Kong government as a Daoist non-profit welfare organization. Due to its historical significance for Hong Kong's history , the temple complex has been part of Hong Kong's " First Grade Cultural Monument " ( English Grade I Historic Building ) since May 2010 .

Building and plant

Archive - 經 堂 - Element Holz 木 , 2006

Roof detail - frieze , rafters - Wong Tai Sin Temple, 2012

The temple complex consists of a large main hall - 大殿 , English The Main Altar - and various small ancillary structures of the various saints and deities of the three teachings . The complex includes buildings and pavilions in the style of traditional Chinese architecture and gardens which, in contrast to the hectic hustle and bustle of the densely populated city, serve as a kind of island of peace and relaxation.

Various buildings and structural elements of the temple complex follow the arrangement and rules of the Chinese Wǔxíng - 五行 , "doctrine of the five phases of change" - mostly known in the west as the five-element doctrine . The archive - main office - 經 堂 - 總 辦事處  /  经 堂 - 总 办事处 , English Archives Hall - General Office , the element wood - 木 , the Bronze Pavilion - 飛 鸞 台  /  飞 鸾 台 , English Bronze Pavilion , the Element metal - 金 , the Yùyè pond - 玉液 池 , English Yuk Yik Fountain , the element water - 水 , the Yúxiāng pavilion - 盂 香亭 , English Yue Heung Shrine , the element fire - 火 and the earth wall - 照壁 , English Earth Wall , the element earth - 土 .

In the main hall is the altar for the Daoist Xian the "Great Holy Wong" and the earth deity Tudigong as well as the Buddhist Dharma protector Sun Wukong . To the different halls, pavilions and gardens is one example of the "Hall Three Saints" - 三聖堂  /  三圣堂 , English Three Saints Hall , which the Daoist Holy Dongbin , Revered as a Taoist deity Guan Yu and the Buddhist Bodhisattva Guanyin consecrated . In the Qílín pavilion - 麟 閣  /  麟 阁 , English Confucius Hall - Confucius and Buddha Dipamkara are venerated in the Yúxiāng pavilion - 盂 香亭 , English Yue Heung Shrine . In the “Garden of the Heart's Desire ” - 從 心 苑  /  从 心 苑 , English Goodwish Garden - there is an imitation of the walkways in the style of the original from the New Summer Palace in Beijing as well as an imitation of the original nine-dragon wall - 九龍壁  /  九龙壁 , English Nine Dragon Wall - in Beihai Park .

Extension of the main hall

In April 2008, the Sik Sik Yuen temple administration decided to invest 140 million Hong Kong dollars in the expansion and repair of the main altar of the Wong Tai Sin Temple - 大殿 -. Renovation work will be carried out in the main hall as well as the outdoor area of ​​the worship platforms in front of the main hall. In addition, the main hall will be expanded to include a lower castle to build a prayer and sacrificial hall called "Yuanchen Hall" - 元 辰 殿 , English Taisui Yuenchen Hall - for various Taoist deities of the Taisuis - 太歲  /  太岁 -. The construction work took about three years and the renovations were completed in January 2011. The official opening of the new "Yuanchen Hall" took place on January 12, 2011.

Geography and traffic

The temple complex covers an area of ​​around 18,000 m² and is located in the east of Kowloon in the Wong Tai Sin administrative district of the same name , on the south side at the foot of Lion Rock , a mountain in a mountain range in the north of the Kowloon peninsula.

The Wong Tai Sin Temple is easily accessible by public transport . It is connected to various lines of the Hong Kong bus (e.g. KMB , various "green" minibuses ) and subway system ( MTR ). At Entrance B2 of the Wong Tai Sin Station MTR , the temple is directly connected to the MTR's Kwun Tong Line .

Traditions

Incense lighter , plastic 2012

Crowds of visitors - Wong Tai Sin Temple, 2017

One of the most famous folk traditions in Hong Kong is to pray for good wishes at the temple of Wong-Tai-Sin on the Chinese New Year - 年初一 上頭 注 香  /  年初一 上头 注 香 , English First Lunar Year Incense Offering . It is particularly promising if you are one of the first visitors to the temple complex in the new Chinese New Year. Therefore, many Hong Kong citizens, armed with incense sticks and other offerings, try to queue in front of the temple on Chinese New Year's Eve in order to be there at the first admission in the early morning hours of the New Year. In addition to the monthly 1st and 15th in the Chinese calendar, the birthday of the "holy Wong" on the 23rd in the eighth month of the Chinese calendar and the holidays in the New Year's month are traditionally among the days of the year with the most visitors.

The tradition of oracles survey - 求籤  /  求签 , qiúqiān , Jyutping kau ⁴ cim ¹  - "oracle sticks requested" is widespread among the faithful. The believers ask for help and advice on difficult life and decision-making issues. By shaking the oracle sticks, a numbered bamboo stick is detached from a beaker and an oracle text is assigned based on the numbering and interpreted by various oracle interpreters who offer their services in the so-called "Oracle Arcade". Customers usually have several oracle interpreters explain and interpret the same "oracle verses" in order to verify their coherence.

The more recent traditions include, for example, the online services of worship and blessing services, which have been offered since the 2010s, as well as online services for oracle staff numbers via the Internet, as well as the offer of Daoist wedding ceremonies for lovers, which has existed since 1997.

Trivia

In the second season of the popular American reality TV show The Amazing Race had to participants of the game show in the station Hong Kong in the so-called "oracle arcade" of the Wong Tai Sin Temple ( English Wong Tai Sin Fortune-telling and Oblation Arcade ) the astrologer Amelia Chow in shop no. 44 - 上海 一枝 梅 - for an astrological consultation on face and palm reading.

literature

• LANG, Graeme; RAGVALD, Lars: The Rise of a Refugee God: Hong Kong's Wong Tai Sin . 1st edition. Oxford University Press , Hong Kong , New York , Oxford 1993, ISBN 978-0-19-585755-9 (English, 224 pages, [1] [PDF]).

• 香港 城市 大學 中國 文化 中心 - City University of Hong Kong - Department of Chinese and History: 考察 香港 ： 文化 歷史 個案 研究 - "Hong Kong Study - Cultural History Case Study Research" . 1st edition. 三聯 書店 (香港) 有限公司 - Joint Publishing (Hong Kong) Limited, Hong Kong 2005, ISBN 978-962-04-2471-7 , pp. 36 (Chinese).

photos

• Temple complex
• 

  “Hall of the Three Saints” - 三 聖堂^A , 2017

• 

  “ Qilin Pavilion” - 麟 閣^B , 2006

• 

  Good Wish Garden - 從 心 苑^C , 2006

• 

  Nine Dragons Wall - 九龍壁^D - Replica from Beihai Park , 2011

• 

  TCM treatment building - 嗇 色 園 醫藥 局^E , 2012

• Oracle consultation
• 

  At the “Qiúqiān” or “Kaucim” ¹ - Wong Tai Sin Temple, 2015

• 

  "Qiānwén" or "Cimman" - Oracle Note ² , 2006

• 

  Text of an oracle verse for interpretation ³

• 

  "Omikuji" - Oracle Note ⁴ - Kamigamo Japan , 2006

• 

  Service for the interpretation of the oracle - “Oracle Arcade” ⁵ , 2008

annotation

^A. "Hall of the Three Wise" - 三聖堂  /  三圣堂 , Sānsshèngtáng , Jyutping Saam ^one sing ^three tong ⁴ - various saints from the three teachings of China - Dongbin , Guanyin and Guan Yu dedicated

^B. “ Qilin Pavilion” - 麟 閣  /  麟 阁 , Língé , Jyutping Leon ⁴ gok ³ - Dedicated to Confucius

^C. "Goodwish Garden" ( 從 心 苑 , Cóngxīnyuàn , Jyutping Cung ⁴ sam ¹ jyun ² ) - Chinese gardens for relaxation

^D. Replica of a nine-dragon wall - 九龍壁  /  九龍壁 , Jiǔlóngbì , Jyutping Gau ² lung ⁴ bik ¹ - in the Wong Tai Sin Temple gardens

^E. Free TCM treatment with medicine from the charity Sik sik Yuen - 嗇 色 園 醫藥 局  /  啬 色 园 医药 局 , Sèsè Yuán Yīyàojú , Jyutping Sik ¹ sik ¹ Jyun ⁴ Ji ¹ joek ⁶ guk ⁶ - within the facility

¹ A temple visitor at the oracle questioning - 求 籤  /  求 签 , qiúqiān , Jyutping kau ⁴ cim ¹  - "Oracle sticks requested" - asking the oracle with an orabel stick

² Oracle text - Qiānwén - 籤 文  /  签 文 , Jyutping cim ¹ man ⁴ - text content for the appropriate oracle stick

³ Oracle verses - Qiānshī - 籤 詩  /  签 诗 , Jyutping cim ⁴ si ¹ - Lyric verses of an associated oracle word written in classical Chinese

^4th Oracle note - Omikuji - Japanese. お み く じ 御 神 籤 - in Shintoism

⁵ Astrologers and Fengshui masters offer services for the interpretation of oracle text in the TWGHs Wong Tai Sins Fortune Telling & Oblation Arcade - "Wong Tai Sins Oracle & Sacrifice Arcade"

See also

• Dark Warrior
• Ling-To Monastery
• Tian Tan Buddha
• Yuk Hui Gung

Web links

Commons : Wong Tai Sin Temple  - Collection of Images

• Official website (Chinese, English)
• Official website of the Chinese Temples Committee (Chinese, English)
• Wong Tai Sin Temple - travel magazine article on www.schwarzaufweiss.de
• Wong Tai Sin Temple - Hong Kong Tourism Board (Chinese, German)
• Wong-Tai-Sin (District) - Hong Kong Tourism Board (Chinese, English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Wong Tai Sin Temple. In: www.discoverhongkong.com. Retrieved December 28, 2019 (Chinese, English).  
2. ↑ ^{a b} 黃大仙 祠 概覽 - 黃大仙 祠 歷史 - 仙師 生平. Wong Tai Sin Temple Complete Tour - History of the Wong Tai Sin Temple - Life of the Founder. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved November 5, 2019 (Chinese).  
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} About Sik Sik Yuen - 關於 嗇 色 園. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved November 5, 2019 (Chinese, English).  
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Wong Tai Sin - Temples and Towers. In: www.discoverhongkong.com. Retrieved December 9, 2019 (Chinese, English).  
5. ↑ ^{a b c d} Wong Tai Sin Temple. In: www.travelchinaguide.com. Retrieved December 28, 2019 .  
6. ^ Administered Temples - Registered Temples. In: www.ctc.org.hk. Retrieved March 8, 2020 (Chinese, English).  
7. ↑ ^{a b} Our History - 黃大仙 祠 歷史. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved November 5, 2019 (Chinese, English).  
8. ↑ ^{a b} The Main Altar - 大殿. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved March 8, 2020 (Chinese, English).  
9. ↑ Term "sè - 嗇 / 啬" Cantonese: sik. In: www.zdic.net. Accessed March 8, 2020 (Chinese, German, English).  
10. ↑ Term “sè - 色” Cantonese: sik. In: www.zdic.net. Accessed March 8, 2020 (Chinese, German, English, French).  
11. ↑ Term “yuán - 園 / 园” Cantonese: yuen, jyun. In: www.zdic.net. Accessed March 8, 2020 (Chinese, German, English, French).  
12. ↑ Term “sèsè - 嗇 色 / 啬 色” Cantonese: siksik. In: www.superbookcity.com. Retrieved on March 10, 2020 (Chinese, page 36, the term "siksik - 嗇 色 / 啬 色" means on the one hand "inner calm - 虛靜 / 虚静" on the other hand "not engaging with material desire - 寡 物欲". ).  
13. ↑ term "Fuji -扶乩". In: www.zdic.net. Retrieved March 4, 2020 (Chinese, English).  
14. ↑ The term “Pòjiù-lìxīn - 破舊立新 / etwa”, for example “Destroy the old, build the new”. In: www.zdic.net. Retrieved March 4, 2020 (Chinese, English, French).  
15. ↑ Graeme Lang, Lars Ragvald: The Rise Of A Refugee God: Hong Kong's Wong Tai Sin. In: www.goodreads.com. Retrieved December 28, 2019 (English, pp. 40–42).  
16. ↑ Graeme Lang, Lars Ragvald: The Rise Of A Refugee God: Hong Kong's Wong Tai Sin. In: www.goodreads.com. Retrieved December 28, 2019 (English, pp. 54–57).  
17. ↑ List of the 1,444 Historic Buildings with Assessment Results (as at March 2020). (PDF; 1.6MB) In: www.aab.gov.hk. Retrieved March 8, 2020 (Chinese, English, Antiquities and Monuments Office - Object 45 on the Hong Kong Monument List - March 2020 - is the Wong Tai Sin Temple).  
18. ↑ Archive Hall (General Office) - 經 堂 (總 辦事處). In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved March 8, 2020 (Chinese, English).  
19. ^ Three Saints Hall - 三 聖堂. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved March 8, 2020 (Chinese, English).  
20. ↑ Confucian Hall - 麟 閣. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved March 8, 2020 (Chinese, English).  
21. ↑ Yue Heung Shrine - 盂 香亭. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved March 8, 2020 (Chinese, English).  
22. ↑ Taisui Yuenchen Hall - Architectual features. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved March 8, 2020 (Chinese, English).  
23. ↑ 馬國揚 - (星 島) 04 月 03 日 2008 - Ma Gwokjoeng - (Sing Tao) 03 April 2008: 黃大仙 祠 挖 建 太歲 地宮 - "Wong Tai Sin Temple builds underground Taisui temples" ( Memento from 5. April 2008 in the Internet Archive ). In: hk.news.yahoo.com, accessed March 8, 2020. (Chinese)
24. ↑ Sik Sik Yuen Annual Report 2011. (PDF; 19.3MB) In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved December 28, 2019 (Chinese, English, page 80).  
25. ↑ 除夕 祈福 科 儀 (頭 炷香) - First Lunar Year Incense Offering. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved December 28, 2019 (Chinese, English).  
26. ↑ 馬國揚 - (星 島) 12 月 08 日 2008 - Ma Gwokjoeng - (Sing Tao) 08 December 2008: 黃大仙 推 直播 網上 祈福 - "Wong Tai Sin Temple enables online worship and blessing services via the Internet" ( Memento of December 17, 2008 in the Internet Archive ). In: hk.news.yahoo.com, accessed March 8, 2020. (Chinese)
27. ↑ e-SSY - e-Sik Sik Yuen. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved December 28, 2019 (Chinese, English, Religious Online Services of the Sik Sik Yuens).  
28. ↑ 婚禮 科 儀 - Daoist wedding ceremony. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved March 8, 2020 (Chinese, English, Daoist wedding ceremony has been taking place since 1997).  
29. ↑ Fortune Telling Stick Inquiry. In: www1.siksikyuen.org.hk. Retrieved March 10, 2020 (Chinese, English).