Ülpenich

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Ülpenich
City of Zuelpich
Coordinates: 50 ° 40 ′ 30 ″  N , 6 ° 41 ′ 40 ″  E
Height : 183  (168-188)  m
Area : 3.29 km²
Residents : 1134  (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 345 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st July 1969
Postal code : 53909
Area code : 02252

Ülpenich is a district of Zülpich in the district of Euskirchen , North Rhine-Westphalia . Heinz-Hubert Pütz has been the mayor since 1999 (as of May 2014).

Ülpenich, aerial photo (2016)
Ülpenich, St. Kunibert, aerial photo (2016)

location

Ülpenich is located on the south-eastern outskirts of the urban area of ​​Zülpich. Ülpenich is about three kilometers to the east from the core town of Zülpich . Ülpenich is located in the Rhineland and belongs to the Zülpicher Börde area , which in turn is part of the Cologne Bay region . The direct neighbors of Ülpenich are Dürscheven to the east, Nemmenich to the north-west , Zülpich to the west, Lövenich to the south-west and Enzen to the south . The Rotbach flows on the north-western edge and the Mühlengraben extends there .

geography

Geographically, the place Ülpenich is on a plateau and therefore has a continuous slope on the west side with different heights. Below the slope is the new development area Ülpenich-West . The slope itself is a nature reserve and may not be built on. The Schievelsberg is located south of Ülpenich .

history

Place name

Roman glass bottle, 2nd half of the 3rd century, place of discovery: Gut Dürffenthal, Ülpenich

Ülpenich has been documented since 1140. The oldest, in each case Latin documents ("in Ulpiaco" 1140, "de Ulpech" 1140, "de Ulpich" 1166, "in Ulpich" 1181, "iuxta Ulpich" 1290) attest to the name form Ulpiacum resp . Ulpech , Ulpich that in today's continuation Ülpich instead Ülpenich would result. Opinions in research are divided as to whether this was the original form of the name, which was then extended to the form common today, by analogy with place names such as Lövenich (Lupiniacum), Zülpich (Martiniacum), Gürzenich (Curtiniacum), etc., or whether from the Today's name form an original * Ulpiniacum is to be developed, which was only contracted temporarily to a subsidiary form Ulpiacum / Ulpich .

The name is in any case a Roman-Celtic formation typical for estates in this region, consisting of the Celtic suffix * -ākon "place, property", and the name of a person, usually the owner, who is in this region Case had the widespread gentile name Ulpius or was a comparatively rarer Ulpinius , as it is also used as an eponym for Olpignac (in the Champagnac-le-Vieux area ) and Upigny (in the Éghezée area ).

The originally ancient Roman place name Ulpiacum (Latin, in German "Hof des Ulpiacus") could therefore most likely go back to a Roman named Ulpius , who or possibly his ancestor on the Schievelsberg located about 800 m south of today's Ülpenich in a Roman villa or Military fortifications near the Roman branch road from Billig to Zülpich could have lived or worked. One of the most conceivable military fortifications on the Schievelsberg could possibly be used as a spying or early warning post or even as a real observation tower for the potential defense against enemy attacks because of the good view from there of the Zülpich plain to the west and the Eifel beginning to the south near Kommern At that time the nearby Roman military camp named Tolbiacum (Zülpich) or to protect the Roman road from Zülpich to Billig.

The abbot Richardis von Ülpenich resided from approx. 1363 to 1390 in the women's monastery of the Reichsabtei Burtscheid in the nearby Aachen area , whose last name could also indicate the late medieval existence of today's equally written place name Ülpenich.

Antiquity

The settlement core of Ülpenich is located in a hillside location typical of Roman settlements in this region on the edge of the rebound slope above the Rotbach and not far from the Roman side street between Billig and Zülpich, the course of which corresponded to that of the later Rheinstraße. The fact that the place was actually already settled in ancient times was confirmed in 1904 by an archaeological find in the area of Gut Dürffenthal , which was dated to the second half of the 3rd century AD and was apparently not a grave object from one of the discoveries documented grave site comes from. It was a bottle made of freely blown, dark red translucent glass, with a spherical vessel body and a constricted, slightly swollen neck that was lipless at the end , and which was painted in enamel colors on the center of the sphere with two teams of four in a race and on the shoulder has an incised inscription, partially painted over with tendrils, "PROVINCIA BELGIC (a)".

On the other hand, there is no evidence of continuous further use of the site in the early Middle Ages, as the written mentions and archaeological finds from post-ancient times do not go back to the 12th century.

middle Ages

In what is now the remaining forest area of ​​Schievelsberg in the south of Ülpenich, public court hearings are said to have taken place up to the high Middle Ages with the then usual immediate execution of sentences (including executions), which a document from 1279 is said to prove. The medieval name Schavegras for today's Schievelsberg seems to have been derived from the old Germanic term “Schiffelwirtschaft” (high German: sheep farming). Furthermore, Ülpenich already had a proper local jury in the Middle Ages.

Today's settlement of Ülpenich emerged in the form of a medieval clustered village on both sides of the connecting route from Enzen to Nemmenich (today: Moselstraße), with the chapel of St. Kunibert , parish church since 1849, as the approximate center of the settlement. About 800 m to the south was the place of the Jülich high court Schievelberg, which until 1555 except Ülpenich the places Langendorf , Linzenich , Lövenich, Nemmenich, Lüssem and Rövenich were subordinate. In the Rotbachauen below the settlement there are said to have been two different castle complexes until the 16th century, of which the older, no longer preserved the ancestral seat ( Ülpenich castle ), one especially in the 13th / 14th. Century is said to have been a documented aristocratic family von Ulpich, to which a "Iohannes de Vlpech" documented as early as 1140 can be attributed, while the younger one, still known today as the Dürffenthal house, has been documented since 1307 and probably as early as the 13th century was founded by the Lords of Dürffenthal, feudal bearers of the Counts of Jülich .

Likewise, the Probst mill , which is still located in the Rotbachauen, similar to the aforementioned Ülpenich Castle, can also be attributed to the Middle Ages , although only partially preserved today and has been privately owned for some time. This mill, which belonged to the then early medieval provost or Abbey of Zülpich, is located to the west outside of Ülpenich on federal road 56 in almost direct proximity to today's water sports lake Zülpich . Despite the fact that it is also very close to the neighboring village of Lövenich, the Probst-Mühle and the feed production company located in it belong to Ülpenich in terms of postage and reporting.

In the so-called Geldrischen War in 1559, Ülpenich was completely destroyed as a place.

Modern times

A teacher in Ülpenich is mentioned for the first time in 1794, and there is still a municipal Catholic primary school in the village today .

Shortly before the end of the Second World War , on January 21, 1945 , US fighter-bombers destroyed a German freight train loaded with ammunition with a total of twelve wagons on the railway line from Euskirchen to Düren , which runs directly past today's Ülpenich. The train was parked for protection in the area of ​​a railway bridge and the trees there about 800 m from today's center of Ülpenich and should therefore be difficult to detect for potential enemy attacks. Only the high embankment to the right and left of the bridge possibly prevented a major destruction of the village by the very violent explosion of the train. On the same day some other targets in the nearby Eifel were attacked as part of a major Allied offensive . On January 21, 1945, the so-called Ardennes Offensive of the German Wehrmacht ended , which significantly accelerated the collapse of the German Wehrmacht troops on the western front . Whether the train was used to supply the defensive positions of the German western front around Düren at the time or was only intended to withdraw ammunition from the front areas has not been passed down. The direction of travel and the exact purpose of the train journey remain unclear.

In the postwar period starting in 1945, the formerly fully self-owned community Ülpenich by the year 1969. Office Satzvey - Wachendorf -Enzen. Since the municipal reorganization came into force on July 1, 1969, Ülpenich has belonged to the city of Zülpich.

Ülpenich has grown strongly since the 1960s. In the south and south-west of the village, a large new building area was created, in which the current elementary school is also located. For this purpose, the sports field previously located there had to be relocated to its current location in the east of the village on Rheinstrasse or Bundesstrasse 56 . In addition, Ülpenich was expanded to include more streets in the east (Pfarrer-Jägers-Strasse) and north (Ahrstrasse) over a large area beyond the old town center on Moselstrasse (formerly the main road).

In the 1980s, the headquarters of the North Eifel workshops was built on the north-eastern outskirts of Ülpenich near the sports field , which functions as a workshop for disabled people . Due to an unexpected shortage of space, several renovations and extensions followed in the following years.

In 1995, a municipal kindergarten with three groups for a total of 75 children was opened right next to the Catholic primary school .

In 1999 and 2000, the primary school built in the late 1960s was completely renovated and expanded. A makeshift barrack extension solution that had existed since the early 1970s was replaced by a modern, two-storey extension. In addition, the school yard has been fenced off and is no longer used by school buses. As a result, a new school bus stop had to be created at the Moselstrasse / Eulenweg intersection, from where the students can only walk to the school around 100 meters away.

In August 2005, development work began on the “Ülpenich-West” building area comprising 62 plots, which extended the village towards the Zülpich water sports lake . However, the new development area only has a direct connection to Ülpenich within walking distance.

On June 2, 2011, a major fire triggered by a technical defect in the North Eifel workshops almost completely destroyed several large production and storage halls. The reconstruction of the destroyed parts of the building lasted until August 2013, and the renewed halls were then put back into operation in September 2013.

church

St. Kunibert from the southeast

The chapel, consecrated to St. Kunibert of Cologne, was possibly built in the 12th century as the court chapel of a local manor and received a donation from the Lords of Dürffenthal in 1347, which lasted until it was expropriated in 1802. The chapel was under the Siegburger Propstei in Zülpich, as a branch church of their parish church St. Peter there.

In 1807 the church in Ülpenich was subordinated to the parish of Lövenich. It was not until 1849 that it was raised to an independent parish church. A new building from 1701 was demolished in 1903. All churches before the construction of today's parish church are said to have been on the site of today's cemetery. Only the new parish church, which was built in the years 1891/92 according to a design by Theodor Kremer as a basilica made of brick in the neo-Romanesque style, was located at its current location on a plot of land donated by the local lords of the Mauh family on Moselstrasse.

After the death of the pastor Josef Jägers, after whom a street in Ülpenich is named today, the originally rather splendid interior of the church was completely redesigned and renewed in the 1960s by the pastor Toni Ley. Among other things, the lavishly carved wooden main altar was replaced by a stone altar that was contemporary but rather simple. The rest of the church was redesigned in a simple, contemporary style.

In the mid-1990s, when the parishes of Ülpenich, Lövenich and Schwerfen merged to form a joint parish association, the residence of an own pastor in and for Ülpenich was given up for the first time. The pastor responsible for Ülpenich has lived in Schwerfen since then.

Another merger took place in the 2000s with the parishes of Dürscheven, Enzen and Sinzenich to form the “Parish Association Zülpich-Süd” with a total of six parishes now. Since about 2009 Ülpenich part of the newly established parish association Zuelpich with 21 parishes around Zülpich .

A little later, the previous Zülpich dean's office - to which Ülpenich belonged - was dissolved and replaced by the newly created Euskirchen district dean's office.

Transport links

  • Car: The federal road 56 leads directly through the village, which meets the district road 35 in the center of the village .
  • Railway: The Bördebahn runs on the eastern edge of the village . The route is currently only used on selected days of the year with special passenger trains. A complete reactivation for local passenger transport is currently being discussed.
  • Bus: The bus on the Rurtalbus line 298 runs regularly via Zülpich to Düren and Euskirchen. You can get on and off at two stops.

Others

From the end of the 1960s until he moved to Bad Münstereifel in August 1980, the singer Heino , who comes from Düsseldorf in the Rhineland , lived in Ülpenich.

The national soccer player Heinz Flohe , who was born in nearby Euskirchen , also worked as a coach for several years for the soccer team of the Ülpenich-based sports club, Gymnastics and Sports Club Olympia Ülpenich .

In the 1980s, the headquarters of the Nordeifel workshops were established in the village, which is sponsored by the Rhineland Regional Council (LVR) and deals with the employment and care of mentally and multiply disabled people . After a major fire in 2011, large parts of the administration building in particular were badly damaged. Therefore, in the course of the reconstruction in Ülpenich, the headquarters was permanently relocated to the previous branch in Euskirchen-Kuchenheim . However, even after the reconstruction and commissioning of the previously fire-damaged parts of the building, there has been an employment opportunity for around 400 mentally and multiply disabled people since 2013 alone in the operating facility in Ülpenich, which is now functioning as a branch.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Population figures as of December 31, 2018
  2. ↑ a b On a possible first document from the 9th century, where “De ulpiche” probably reads “De [Z] ulpiche” and refers to Zülpich instead of Ülpenich, see Wolfgang Jungandreas, Older documents for place names around Zülpich , in: Rheinische Vierteljahresblätter 25 (1960), p. 149
  3. ↑ a b Theodor Joseph Lacomblet, Document Book for the History of the Lower Rhine , Volume I, Düsseldorf 1840, No. 341 (“in vlpiaco” p. 230, “Iohannes de Vlpech” p. 231), No. 420 (“Alberto de Vlpich "P. 291), no. 421 (" predium in Vlpich "p. 293), no. 478 (" Predium in Vlpich "p. 338), no. 907 (" apud Kuoweide iuxta "Ulpich p. 540)
  4. ↑ Hubert Marjan, Rheinische Ortnames , Book IV, Aachen: Jacobi & Co., 1884, p. 13, followed u. a. by Wilhelm Kaspers, The -acum place-names of the Rhineland. A contribution to the older settlement history , Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1921, p. 15 No. 59; Wilhelm Bofinger, Latin personal names in place names on -anum, -acum and -anicum. Attempt at a comparative toponomics , Tübingen: Bölzle, 1938, No. 262, p. 47 and note 15.
  5. ^ Max Siebourg : Matron terracotta from Bonn. In addition to remarks on the matrons cult. In: Bonner yearbooks of the Association of Friends of Antiquity in the Rhineland. Issue 105, 1900, pp. 78-102, here p. 83; Siegfried Gutenbrunner: The Germanic god names of the ancient inscriptions. Niemeyer, Halle 1936, p. 189; followed u. a. by Theo Vennemann called Nierfeld : To explain Bavarian names of waters and settlements. [1993] In: The same: Europa Vasconica - Europa Semitica. Edited by Patrizia Noel Haziz Hanna. De Gruyter, Berlin 2003, pp. 33–94, here pp. 84–85, note 97; Theo Vennemann: The Central European place names and matron names with f, Þ, h and the late phase of Indo-Germania. [1994], ibid pp. 95–121, here pp. 97 and 110 note 12; Theo Vennemann: Dating the division between High and Low Germanic. A summary of arguments. In: Toril Swan et al. a. (Ed.): Language Change and Language Structure. Older Germanic Languages ​​in a Comparative Perspective (= Trends in Linguistics. Volume 73) Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1994, pp. 271-304, here pp. 285-286.
  6. ^ Bofinger, Latin personal names ... (1938), No. 263, p. 48; Albert Dauzat, La toponymie française , rev. New edition, Paris: Payot, 1960, No. 549, p. 296
  7. ^ Hermann Gröhler: About the origin and meaning of the French place names , Heidelberg: Winter, 1913, part I, p. 297; Jean-Jacques Jespers: Dictionnaire des noms de lieux en Wallonie et à Bruxelles , Brussels: Éditions Racine, 2005, p. 596
  8. ↑ http://www.zuelpich.de/index.php/%C3%BClpenich/217-geschichte48.html
  9. ↑ a b c d e f g h Harald Herzog / Norbert Nussbaum, City of Zülpich , Cologne: Rheinland-Verlag, 1988 (= monument topography of the Federal Republic of Germany, monuments in the Rhineland, 9.5), pp. 267–269
  10. ↑ Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn, inventory no. 17303; Anna-Barbara Follmann-Schulz: The Roman glasses in the Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn , Cologne: Rheinland-Verlag, 1992 (= Art and Antiquity on the Rhine, 138), p. 76 ff. No. 42. Now also on the grave context with other finds Raymund Gottschalk: Late Roman graves in the area around Cologne. Rhenish excavations 71, Darmstadt 2015, p. 375 and plate 146.
  11. ↑ Ülpenich: History. City of Zülpich, accessed on June 15, 2014 .
  12. ↑ In addition Florian Gläser, Schönau - Schönforst. A study on the history of the Rhenish-Maasland nobility in the late Middle Ages , Diss. Trier 1999, p. 43f. Digital version, PDF
  13. ^ Linzenich / Lövenich: History. City of Zülpich, accessed on June 15, 2014 .
  14. ↑ Marketing working group Zülpich: Local tour of Ülpenich  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.mak-zuelpich.de  
  15. ↑ http://www.wisoveg.de/wisoveg/heimatkalender-eu/2004/95weltkrieg.html
  16. ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 88 .
  17. ^ "A West End for Ülpenich" (www.zuelpich.net on August 24, 2005)
  18. ↑ Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger: The cause of the fire was a technical defect. June 30, 2011, accessed November 27, 2017 .
  19. ↑ Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger: Fire in the North Eifel workshops. June 2, 2011, archived from the original on July 6, 2011 ; Retrieved July 6, 2011 .
  20. ↑ Archive link ( Memento from July 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  21. ↑ Zülpich pastoral care area. www.erzbistum-koeln.de, archived from the original on October 29, 2012 ; Retrieved January 4, 2013 .
  22. ^ District dean of Euskirchen. Retrieved January 4, 2012 .
  23. ↑ RVE timetable line 298: Düren - Vettweiß - Zülpich - Enzen - Euskirchen
  24. ↑ http://www.portal-der-erinnerung.de/2013/06/15/heinz-flohe/
  25. ^ Archive link ( Memento from November 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive )