August Sander

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August Sander (born November 17, 1876 in Herdorf , † April 20, 1964 in Cologne ) is considered one of the most important and most influential photographers of the 20th century for portrait history. With his work People of the 20th Century , he created an “epoch-making” photo project. His pictures are primarily to be assigned to documentary, factual and conceptual photography.

Life

August Sander was born the son of a pit carpenter and grew up with six siblings. After completing elementary school, he worked as a dump boy on the site of a Herdorf iron ore mine. There he made the acquaintance of a professional photographer from Siegen, who sparked his interest in photography. With financial help from his uncle, he bought his first own photo equipment.

1897-1900

August Sander took another step on the way to his later career in Trier , where he did his military service (1897–1899). He also worked in Georg Jung's studio, where he gained further experience. With his recommendation, he then went on a two-year hike (1899–1901), which, according to the memories of his son Gunther Sander et al. a. led to Berlin , Magdeburg , Halle (Saale) and Leipzig . In Dresden he probably attended the painting school of Martin Schumann and / or Ernst Sonntag. Photographing, drawing and painting still belonged together for Sander at that time.

1901-1909

From 1901 August Sander initially worked as an employee for the Photographic Art Institute Greif in Linz on the Danube . In the following year he took over the studio together with his partner Franz Stukenberg. The marriage with Anna Seitenmacher also fell in 1902. Son Erich was born in 1903. In 1904 August Sander became the sole owner of the “studio for pictorial portraits, landscape and photography in natural colors”. His photographs have been exhibited and awarded many times. From 1904 to 1909 he was a member of the Upper Austrian Art Association. In 1907 his son Gunther was born. After the older son Erich became seriously ill with polio in the summer of 1909 , Sander gave up his business that same year and moved the family to Cologne.

1910-1920

In 1910 August Sander first founded a studio in Cologne-Lindenthal on Hillerstraße 61. The twins Sigrid and Helmut were born, but only the girl survived. In 1911 the company moved to Dürener Straße 201 in the same part of town and with it the establishment of a more spacious studio. At the same time, August Sander began to continue his photographic work in the Westerwald, producing numerous works that he later incorporated into his work People of the 20th Century.

At the beginning of the First World War , August Sander was drafted into the Landsturm and did not return until the end of the war in 1918. During this time Anna Sander continued to run the business.

1920-1926

At the beginning of the 1920s, August Sander came into contact with the group " Kölner Progressive " and found a strong response from this group. He was in close contact with the artists Franz Wilhelm Seiwert , who also designed Sander's company signet, Heinrich Hoerle , Gerd Arntz , Gottfried Brockmann , Otto Freundlich , Raoul Hausmann and Stanislaw Kubicki (Berlin), Hans Schmitz-Wiedenbrück , Augustin Tschinkel (Prague / Cologne) and Peter Alma (Amsterdam). There was also a closer relationship with the painters Jankel Adler , Otto Dix , Anton Räderscheidt and Marta Hegemann . Her portraits, as well as those of artists from other fields such as music, literature, architecture and drama, can be found in August Sander's great work People of the 20th Century .

Face of Time (1929)

1927-1941

In 1927 August Sander went on a seven-week trip to Sardinia with the writer Ludwig Mathar , during which around 300 photographs were taken. A planned book publication about the trip did not materialize. The exhibition August Sander: Sardinia , developed by the Photographische Sammlung / SK Foundation . Photographs from a trip to Italy in 1927 reconstructed the project in 2009.

In November 1927 August Sander presented his large portrait work People of the 20th Century to the public for the first time at the Kölnischer Kunstverein . Two years later the illustrated book Antlitz der Zeit was published with a selection of 60 portraits of people from the 20th century. Five years later, the National Socialists ordered the exhibition to stop and destroyed the printing blocks.

In 1931 August Sander gave a six-part series of lectures on the essence and development of photography on Westdeutscher Rundfunk ( WDR ). So far, the fifth lecture has been published in German, English and French.

Between 1933 and 1935 the publishers L. Schwann ( Düsseldorf ) and L. Horwarth ( Bad Rothenfelde ) published six issues, each of which presented a region of Germany: Die Eifel (1933), Bergisches Land (1933), Die Mosel (1934) , The Siebengebirge (1934), The Saar (1934) and Am Niederrhein (1935). The pictures contained therein by August Sander, some of which were also photographed by Erich Sander for the family business, led through various subjects with a focus on landscape and architecture. August Sander also made botanical studies and detailed studies, for example by hands, and took on numerous orders in industry and advertising.

In 1934 son Erich, who had studied philosophy and economics at the University of Cologne , became one of the leading figures of the SAPD ( Socialist Workers' Party of Germany ), which was banned from 1933 . He was denounced, arrested and sentenced to ten years in prison.

1942-1946

Due to the events of the war, the Sander couple was forced to leave Cologne. From 1942 onwards the move to the Westerwalddorf Kuchhausen took place gradually . In 1944 the Cologne studio was destroyed by bombing, but August Sander was able to save the most important part of the archive to his new place of residence. Son Erich died before the end of his imprisonment of an untreated, acute ruptured appendix in Siegburg prison. In 1946 a fire destroyed between 25,000 and 30,000 negatives that were still in the basement near the former apartment in Cologne. In the same year, August Sander began extensive photo documentation about the cathedral city, which was destroyed in the war.

Sander's grave in the Melaten cemetery

1947-1964

At the suggestion of the publicist and promoter of photography, L. Fritz Gruber , August Sander set up a retrospective at the second photokina in Cologne in 1951 . Edward Steichen , director of the photographic department of the New York Museum of Modern Art , visited him in 1952 and acquired 50 pictures on various subjects from his archive. Three years later, three of August Sander's copies found their way into the traveling exhibition The Family of Man curated by Edward Steichen .

In 1953 the city of Cologne bought the Cologne factory as it was in 16 picture portfolios, including 364 negatives. The photographs were mainly from the years 1920 to 1939. The project was posthumously published in 1995 by the Cologne City Museum and the August Sander Archive, Kulturstiftung Stadtsparkasse Köln as a work edition that corresponded to the original portfolio sequence by August Sander.

In 1957 Anna Sander died.

Two important publications appeared in August Sander's later creative phase:

1959 the edition of the cultural monthly magazine du dedicated to the photographer with texts by Golo Mann and Manuel Gasser as well as a reprint of the essay by Alfred Döblin published in 1929 in Antlitz der Zeit .

1962 the book August Sander. German mirror. People of the 20th century , with an introduction by Heinrich Lützeler in Sigbert Mohn Verlag.

In December 1963 August Sander was admitted to St. Anna Hospital in Cologne-Lindenthal, where he died on April 20, 1964 as a result of a stroke. His grave is in Cologne at the side of his son Erich Sander in the Melaten cemetery , hall 87.

plant

August Sander's work includes landscape, nature, industrial architecture and urban photography; But he is mainly famous for his portrait art, as exemplified in his work People of the 20th Century . He is considered to be an important pioneer of a new direction that is now referred to as documentary, factual, conceptual photography. “The essence of all photography is of a documentary nature,” wrote August Sander, thus formulating a core sentence of his work approach.

In his 70 years of activity, August Sander researched the essence and development of photography in almost every respect, be it with regard to the technique, the choice or composition of a motif or with regard to its use and context. His work bears witness to a deep engagement with his medium, which he used to call exact photography and with which he tried to give a picture of his time in absolute faithfulness to nature. His goal was a unique work of far-reaching art and cultural-historical dimensions with a role model function.

20th century people

August Sander first formulated the idea about people of the 20th century in the mid-1920s, albeit with the idea of ​​including recordings made earlier. For his cultural work in Lichtbildern, he planned “7 groups, arranged according to stalls and comprising 45 folders with 12 photos each.” From around 1925 onwards, the photographer collected countless portraits of people from various social classes and professions over the decades, with the basic classification being the farmer , the craftsman , The Woman , The Stands , The Artists , The Big City and The Last People always remained unchanged. August Sander used his steadily growing archive of negatives, which today includes around 180 negatives based on the collection of people from the 20th century .

Excerpts of the work were shown for the first time in an exhibition at the Kölnischer Kunstverein in 1927 and in 1929 under the title Face of Time. Sixty recordings of German people of the 20th century published. With this picture book comprising 60 portraits, Sander succeeded in depicting a society portrait of his time, which aims at reflecting the individual in relation to the typical of the respective social and professional group as well as the question of the mutual influence of people and community. In his essay, included in the face of time , Alfred Döblin writes :

"Anyone who looks will be instructed quickly, better than through lectures and theories, through these clear, powerful images and will be experienced by others and by themselves."

- Alfred Döblin : Face of Time, Foreword

Comparative photography and direct observation are the keywords that aptly characterize August Sander's methodical approach and indicate his endeavors to achieve realistic and unbiased representation. Because above all, in the juxtaposition of the rows of images, he saw the opportunity to highlight typical physiognomies and body languages ​​of different professions, genders and generations as well as individual appearances. "Since the individual does not make contemporary history, but does shape the expression of his time and express his convictions, it is possible to capture a physiognomic picture of the time of an entire generation and express it in a photo," writes August Sander in 1931. Nevertheless, there are individual ones Pictures that have now become icons of his work, such as the photograph “Young Farmers, 1914”, the title of which gave rise to discussions and which is an essential starting point for the novel Three Peasants on the Way to Dance by the American writer Richard Powers . Further examples are the photographs "Boxer, 1929", "Confectioner, 1928", "Handlanger, 1928", "Revolutionaries ( Alois Lindner , Erich Mühsam , Guido Kopp), 1929", "Bourgeois Family, 1923", "Corps student, 1925 ”,“ Large industrialist (Kommerzienrat Arnold von Guilleaume ), 1927 ”and“ Unemployed, 1928 ”.

Many reviews, for example by Kurt Tucholsky or Walter Benjamin , who particularly pointed out the enlightening effect of the portrait work against the background of the threatening National Socialist rule , testify to the great response that the face of the time received , which today seems like a premonition Coming reads. Five years later, the printing blocks for Sander's Face of the Time were destroyed by the National Socialists and further distribution of the book was discontinued. However, as was often suspected before, an occupational ban was not imposed. August Sander developed and edited his work on various levels during his entire creative period, but did not find the opportunity for a comprehensive and complete realization during his lifetime. In any case, he was aware that a final conclusion of his work, which is designed to document a social condition and its change, would contradict its intention and structure.

In 1971, his son Gunther Sander (1907–1987) developed an approach to the original project with the collection of people without a mask . The excerpt comprised 234 motifs. In addition, in 1980 he published another, more comprehensive edition of People of the 20th Century with 431 images, with reference to a text by Ulrich Keller . A large number of new prints were made by Gunther Sander, while original prints from the estate reached the art market. In the mid-1980s, the Museum Folkwang in Essen, among others, acquired a series of posthumous photo prints compiled by Gunther Sander, the motifs of which related to the project People of the 20th Century . It was not until the 1990s that the general art scene became aware of the need to distinguish between original prints made by the photographer and new prints.

Between 1992 and 2001, the holdings of the work People of the 20th Century and its development were further researched in the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne. Gerd Sander, the grandson of August Sanders, worked with the photographer of the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Jean-Luc Differdange, new prints based on the original negative glass plates by August Sander, which were used for a new edition of the work People of the 20th Century (2002) be consulted. All 619 motifs that are taken into account for the preparation of the work are now in the holdings of the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur as negative prints and partly as original photographs from the estate of August Sander, as well as originals and new prints from August's work Sander.

On the basis of new discoveries and research findings, the Cologne team (Susanne Lange, Gabriele Conrath-Scholl and Gerd Sander) found that the compilation of the pictures and portfolios that were presented in the volume published in 1980 did not always match the original August ideas Sanders agreed.

The new edition was based primarily on the original labels on the approximately 1,800 original negatives that have been preserved for the work People of the 20th Century , on documents from the photographer's estate as well as on the original portfolio prints and the image details shown therein. Original portfolio prints are in particular in the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, in the J. Paul Getty Museum , Los Angeles, in the Museum of Modern Art , New York, in the Pinakothek der Moderne , Munich, in the Museum Ludwig Cologne / Sammlung Fotografie and in Museum for Arts and Crafts , Hamburg. The viewing of all materials led to a new interpretation, i.e. a revised edition in seven volumes, each dedicated to one of the groups designed by August Sander, with improved print quality. In 2010 the results of the seven volumes were summarized again in one volume.

In 2016, the WDR dedicated a TV report to August Sanders' portrait work.

Cologne as it was

August Sander documented Cologne in 16 folders with 408 photographs from 1920 to 1939. He worked with the plate formats 13 × 18 cm and 18 × 24 cm, in some post-war photos also in the film format 9 × 6 cm. After he had finished the project, he sold the portfolio to the Cologne City Museum in March 1953. But it wasn't until 1988 that the photos were published in a book. New and hitherto largely unknown information also made a new publication necessary, which deviated from the initial publication of the work. This was published in 1995 with some aspects that were informative for the history of the work.

In preparation for another new edition in facsimile quality, the prints were digitized in 2009. High-quality digital copies of the glass negatives had been available for a long time. Reinhard Matz described the origin of the Cologne folders and their purchase and publication history in a book. The recording from the series, Der Stadtwald zu Köln , fetched € 10,500 at an auction in the Kunsthaus Lempertz in November 2016 .

estate

After August Sander's death, his son Gunther Sander took over the archive in 1964. After his death in 1987, the estate of Gunther Sander went to his son Gerd Sander. Finally, in December 1992 the Kulturstiftung der Sparkasse KölnBonn - today Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur der Sparkasse KölnBonn - acquired the estate of August Sanders, as it had been compiled by Gerd Sander between 1984 and 1992. Since then, August Sander 's work has been scientifically supervised and processed under the name of August Sander Archive . The existing usage rights for August Sander's work were overwritten by Gerd Sander in two steps. They are held by the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur without restriction in terms of location, content and time until the end of the protection period at the end of 2034 and are managed by the institution together with VG Bild-Kunst.

In spring 2017, the Hauser & Wirth gallery announced that it was representing August Sander's estate internationally. This turned out to be a misunderstanding, as the gallery, together with Galerie Julian Sander, represents the August Sander Family Collection , consisting of original prints and posthumous prints by Gunther and Gerd Sander, which come from the family's possessions and from their art trade. Cooperation partner here is the Cologne gallery of Julian Sander, the great-grandson of August Sander, and the August Sander Foundation in Cologne, which he founded. The reports caused confusion among collectors and in the media, for example in the Süddeutsche Zeitung , in Der Tagesspiegel and the Tageszeitung because of the separation between art trade and scientific work. The August Sander Archive has been part of the Cologne Photographic Collection / SK Foundation Culture since January 1993. The Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur is not active on the art market, but is dedicated to processing the August Sander Archive in a purely scientific or museum way.

The New York Museum of Modern Art acquired one of the family-owned series of pictures, which includes 619 new prints, which were created parallel to the preparation of the seven-volume new edition by People of the 20th Century. In 2014, this series of pictures was sold by Julian Sanders Gallery to the American Museum . The MoMA had previously owned a bundle of original prints by August Sander.

Awards / honors

August-Sander-Park, Cologne
  • 1903: Bronze State Medal at the Upper Austrian State Exhibition in Linz
  • 1904: Gold medal for three-color photography at the commercial exhibition in Wels and the Müller & Wetzig Prize, Leipzig
  • 1909: Award from L. Gevaert & Cie AG
  • 1958: Honorary citizen of Herdorf
  • 1960: Federal Cross of Merit, 1st class
  • 1961: Culture Prize of the German Society for Photography (DGPh)
  • 2003: In Windeck ( Leuscheid district ), August Sander's adopted home, August-Sander-Platz was inaugurated on October 4th .
  • 2004: On November 4th, the Berlin vocational school 1. OB / SL Friedrichshain was renamed the August Sander School .
  • 2008: The Mercury crater "Sander" was named after August Sander.
  • 2014: The city of Cologne named August-Sander-Park after him in May 2014 . This is behind the building of the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur - August Sander Archive, Im Mediapark 7.
  • 2017: The "Realschule plus" in Altenkirchen (Westerwald) was named August Sander School on January 27th .
  • 2018: For the first time, the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur - August Sander Archive awarded the August Sander Prize for portrait photography .

Exhibitions

Solo exhibitions (selection)

  • 1906: Large exhibition of photographic portraits from the August Sander studio , Landhaus-Pavillon, Linz (Austria)
  • 1959: August Sander. Shaping his time . German Society for Photography , Cologne
  • 1971: August Sander . MoMA , New York
  • 1980: August Sander. Photographs of an Epoch 1904-1959 . Philadelphia Museum of Art , Philadelphia
  • 1994: August Sander. There are no unexplained shadows in photography! Pushkin Museum , Moscow and other stations
  • 1999: August Sander. Landscape photographs . Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne
  • 2001: August Sander. People of the 20th Century , Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne
  • 2001: August Sander. German Portraits 1918–1933 . J. Paul Getty Museum , Los Angeles
  • 2005: August Sander. Linz years 1901–1909. State gallery at the Upper Austrian State Museum , Linz on the Danube
  • 2009: August Sander. Voir, observer et penser. Henri Cartier-Bresson Foundation , Paris
  • 2014: August Sander. Masterpieces and Discoveries. Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne
  • 2017: The face of the landscape - the Rhine and the Siebengebirge . Siebengebirgsmuseum , Königswinter
  • 2018: August Sander. Persécutés / Persécuteurs des Hommes du XXe siècle . Mémorial de la Shoah , Paris
  • 2018/19: August Sander - Masterpieces Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne
  • 2019: August Sander - Photographs from "People of the 20th Century" 23.03.2019 - 23.06.2019, held in collaboration with the August Sander Archive, La Virreina Center de la Imatge, Barcelona

Group exhibitions (selection)

  • 1914: German Werkbund exhibition, Cologne
  • 1929: Contemporary photography, Magdeburg
  • 1930: Socialist art heden, Stedelijk Museum , Amsterdam
  • 1930: International exhibition Das Lichtbild München , Munich
  • 1930: Exhibition of the Association of Cologne Professional Photographers in the City of Cologne's Museum of Decorative Arts
  • 1951: August Sander. Retrospective , photokina , Cologne
  • 1955: The Family of Man . MoMA, New York and other stations
  • 1980: August Sander: Photographs from 1906–1945 . Bernd and Hilla Becher : Photographs 1961–1980. Permanent Representation of the Federal Republic of Germany, Berlin / East Representation of the FRG
  • 1982: Photographs. The portrait in photography . Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn
  • 1997: August Sander. Karl Blossfeldt. Albert Renger-Patzsch. Bernd and Hilla Becher. Comparative concepts . Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne
  • 1999: From Beuys to Cindy Sherman . Lothar Schirmer Collection, Kunsthalle Bremen , Bremen
  • 2000: contemporaries. August Sander and the art scene in the Rhineland in the 1920s . Josef Haubrich Kunsthalle, Cologne
  • 2000: How you look at it. 20th century photographs . Sprengel Museum Hannover
  • 2008: The Universal Archive. The Condition of the Document and Modern Photographic Utopia , Museu d'Art Contemporani de Barcelona (MACBA), Barcelona
  • 2011: The Mad Square. Modernity in German Art 1910–1938. The Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney
  • 2013: From person to person. Wilhelm Leibl & August Sander. A cooperation between the Wallraf-Richartz-Museum and the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Wallraf-Richartz-Museum, Cologne and station in the Salzburg Museum , Salzburg

Publications

Works published during his lifetime
  • August Sander: Face of Time. Sixty recordings of German people from the 20th century. With an introduction by Alfred Döblin . Kurt Wolff Verlag / Transmare Verlag, Munich 1929.
  • Bergisches Land . Text and pictures by August Sander. Edited by Joh. Gg. Holzwart, Deutsche Lande - Deutsche Menschen series, L. Schwann Verlag, undated [1933], Düsseldorf.
  • The Eifel . Text and pictures by August Sander, edited by Joh. Gg. Holzwarth, Deutsche Lande - Deutsche Menschen series, L. Schwann Verlag, undated [1933], Düsseldorf.
  • On the Lower Rhine. Pictures and preface by August Sander, introduction by Ludwig Mathar , series Deutsches Land / Deutsches Volk, vol. 1, L. Holzwarth Verlag, Bad Rothenfelde 1934.
  • The Moselle . Text and pictures by August Sander, Series Deutsches Land / Deutsches Volk, Vol. 2, L. Holzwarth Verlag, Bad Rothenfelde 1934.
  • The Siebengebirge. Text and pictures by August Sander, Series Deutsches Land / Deutsches Volk, Vol. 3, L. Holzwarth Verlag, Bad Rothenfelde 1934.
  • The Saar. Pictures by August Sander, text by Josef Witsch, series Deutsches Land / Deutsches Volk, vol. 4, L. Holzwarth Verlag, Bad Rothenfelde 1934.
  • August Sander photographs: German people. In: du Kulturelle Monatsschrift , texts by Alfred Döblin , Manuel Gasser and Golo Mann , 19th year, no. 225, Zurich, 11/1959.
  • August Sander: German mirror. 20th century people . Introduction by Heinrich Lützeler. Sigbert Mohn Verlag, Gütersloh 1962.
Works published posthumously
  • August Sander. People without a mask. With a biographical text by Gunther Sander and a foreword by Golo Mann , CJ Bucher-Verlag, Luzern / Frankfurt am Main 1971, ISBN 3-7658-0130-5 , special edition, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 1976.
  • August Sander. Rhineland communities. Photographs 1929–1946 , text by Wolfgang Kemp , Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 1974, ISBN 3-921375-00-2 .
  • August Sander. 20th century people . Portrait photographs 1892–1952. Editions in English, Italian, Japanese, edited by Gunther Sander, text by Ulrich Keller , Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 1980.
  • August Sander: Photographs of an Epoch 1904–1959. Foreword by Beaumont Newhall , text by Robert Kramer, Aperture, New York 1980.
  • August Sander: The Destruction of Cologne. Photographs 1945–1946 . Published by Winfried Ranke, Munich 1985, ISBN 3-88814-164-8 .
  • August Sander: Cologne as it was . Edited by Rolf Sachsse , edited by Werner Schäfke , Cologne 1988.
  • August Sander. Cologne as it was , published by the Cologne City Museum and August Sander Archive / Kulturstiftung Stadtsparkasse Köln, texts by Susanne Lange and Christoph Kim, Amsterdam 1995.
  • August Sander. Introduction by Susanne Lange, published by the Center National de la Photographie, Paris, Photo Poche 64, Actes Sud , Arles 1995.
  • August Sander: "In photography there are no unexplained shadows!" A publication for the exhibition of the same name conceived by Gerd Sander, stations: State Pushkin Museum for Fine Arts, Moscow, Watari-um, Museum of Contemporary Art , Tokyo, Kunstmuseum Bonn , Center National de la Photographie, Paris, Palais des Beaux-Arts , Brussels, Stedelijk Museum , Amsterdam, Museo di Storia della Fotografia Fratelli Alinari, Florence, National Portrait Gallery , London, foreword by Susanne Lange, texts by Gerd Sander, Christoph Schreier, Ars Nicolai, Berlin 1994.
  • August Sander. Photographs 1902–1939. Published by the Kulturstiftung der Länder in conjunction with the Kulturstiftung der Stadtsparkasse Köln, texts by Susanne Lange and Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Patrimonia 99, Berlin and Cologne 1995.
  • August Sander, Karl Blossfeldt , Albert Renger-Patzsch , Bernd and Hilla Becher : Comparative Concepts. Texts by Susanne Lange, Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Anne Gantführer and Virginia Heckert, published by Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne, Schirmer / Mosel , Munich / Paris / London 1997, ISBN 3-88814-757-3 .
  • August Sander. Landscapes , text by Olivier Lugon, published by Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich / Paris / London 1999, ISBN 3-88814-797-2 .
  • August Sander 1876–1964. Edited by Manfred Heiting, text by Susanne Lange, Taschen , Cologne, Madrid, London, New York, Paris, Tokyo 1999.
  • Contemporaries. August Sander and the art scene in the Rhineland in the 1920s. Published by Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne, texts by Birgit Bernard, Gertrude Cepl-Kaufmann, Anne Gantführer-Trier, Wolfram Hagspiel, Klaus Wolfgang Niemöller, Louis Peters, Maria Porrmann, Gerd Sander, Eduard Trier and Arta Valstar-Verhoff , Forewords by Susanne Lange and Hans-Werner Schmidt, Steidl Verlag , Göttingen 2000. ISBN 3-88243-750-2 .
  • August Sander. People of the 20th Century, study volume, published by Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne, publication for the seven-volume new edition of August Sander's work People of the 20th Century , designed by Susanne Lange and Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2001 , ISBN 3-8296-0024-0 .
  • August Sander. People of the 20th century: a cultural work in photographs divided into seven groups. Edited and newly compiled by Susanne Lange, Gabriele Conrath-Scholl and Gerd Sander, 7 volumes, published by Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-8296-0006-2 .
  • August Sander. Linz years 1901–1909. Ed. Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne, and the Landesgalerie Linz at the Upper Austrian State Museum, texts by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Martin Hochleitner and Susanne Lange, Munich: Schirmer / Mosel, 2005, ISBN 3-8296-0217-0 .
  • August Sander: People and Landscapes between Sieg and Westerwald. Published by the Altenkirchen district administration in collaboration with the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne, forewords by Michael Lieber and Andreas Reingen, text by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Cologne 2008.
  • August Sander. Seeing, observing and thinking. Photographs , Fondation Cartier-Bresson, with texts by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl and Agnès Sire, August Sander, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-8296-0443-7 .
  • August Sander. Sardinia. Photographs from a trip to Italy in 1927 , published by Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, with texts by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Rajka Knipper, Albertus Mathar, Ludwig Mathar, Giorgio Pellegrini, German / Italian, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3 -8296-0433-8
  • August Sander: Cologne as it was. Emons Verlag , Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-89705-694-7 .
  • August Sander. 20th century people . A cultural work in photographs, divided into seven groups, published by Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, conception of the edited new edition by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-8296-0500-7 .
  • From person to person: Wilhelm Leibl & August Sander. Edited by Marcus Dekiert, Roland Krischel, Wallraf-Richartz-Museum & Fondation Corboud , with texts by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Götz Czymmek, Rajka Knipper, Roland Krischel, Hirmer Verlag , Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-7774-2042-4 .
  • Wolfgang Kemp: August Sander: Rhineland communities. Photographs 1926–1946. Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2014 (new edition), ISBN 978-3-8296-0671-4 (first edition 1975, the first book that was published by Schirmer / Mosel).
  • August Sander. The Westerwald in the mirror of time. Published by the Altenkirchen district administration and the Sparkasse Westerwald-Sieg, in cooperation with the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, foreword by Michael Lieber and Andreas Reingen, with texts by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl and Hanns-Josef Ortheil, Cologne 2016, ISBN 978- 3-9807956-3-0 .
  • August Sander. The face of the landscape - the Rhine and the Siebengebirge. Published by the Siebengebirgsmuseum der Stadt Königswinter, in cooperation with Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne, Greetings Peter Wirtz, with texts by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Elmar Scheuren and Barbara Bouillon, Cologne 2018, ISBN 978-3-00-058316- 2 .
  • August Sander. Persecuted / Persecutors - People of the 20th Century Published by Steidl Verlag in Göttingen, in collaboration with Die August Sander Stiftung, Cologne and the Shoah Memorial, Paris, ISBN 978-3-95829-511-7 .

literature

Scientific Conferences

Interdisciplinary symposium

As part of the exhibition "August Sander: People of the 20th Century" in the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur - August Sander Archive, Cologne: October 19 and 20, 2001.

"The August Sander Project"

A five-year research project by the Museum of Modern Art in New York in collaboration with Columbia University , New York. Art historians, curators, artists and other scholars and authors meet once a year to research the work of “People of the 20th Century” from different perspectives. The first two events took place on September 16, 2016 and September 15, 2017.

Web links

Commons : August Sander  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sander is currently one of the 10 most expensive photographers of the 20th century ( Memento from May 12, 2008 in the Internet Archive ), (private website of gallery owner Daniel von Schacky / Düsseldorf)
  2. ↑ Ulrich Keller: August Sander and the hippopotamus. A catalog with weak points . In: Photo history . No. 101 . Jonas Verlag für Kunst und Literatur, Marburg 2006 (review of “August Sander: Linzer Years 1901–1909”).
  3. ↑ Gunther Sander: From the life of a photographer. In: August Sander. People without a mask, photographs 1906–1952. Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 1976 (special edition of the work August Sander, People without Mask , published by CJBucher-Verlag in 1971 ), p. 9
  4. ↑ Gabriele Conrath-Scholl: August Sander - Basics, ambitions and first successes. In: August Sander. Linzer Years, 1901–1909 , Munich: Schirmer / Mosel, 2006, pp. 9–55, here p. 16f
  5. ↑ August Sander is first mentioned as a member of the association in the annual report of 1904, which appeared in 1905. This is followed by annual entries up to and including 1909. Cf. Oberösterreichisches Landesarchiv, Oberösterreichischer Kunstverein, lists of members 1853–1932, archive box 23.
  6. ↑ Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Martin Hochleitner, Susanne Lange: August Sander. Linz years 1901–1909. Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-8296-0217-0 (on the occasion of the exhibition August Sander, Linzer Jahre1901–1909, Landesgalerie Linz: December 1, 2005 to January 8, 2006; Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne: February 10 to May 7, 2006).
  7. ^ Exhibition in the Galleria Comunale d'Arte di Cagliarari: October 17, 2009 to January 3, 2010, and in the Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Cologne, April 22 to August 21, 2011, catalog: August Sander. Sardinia. Photographs from a trip to Italy in 1927. Published by Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, with texts by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Rajka Knipper, Albertus Mathar, Ludwig Mathar, Giorgio Pellegrini, German / Italian, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2009.
  8. ↑ Photography as a world language (5th lecture for the WDR). Cf. August Sander: Photography as a world language . In: Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Fondation Henri Cartier-Bresson (Ed.): August Sander: Seeing, observing and thinking, photographs. Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2009, pp. 25–31. The other lectures are currently (as of October 2018) being prepared for publication by a doctoral student. There are no recordings in the WDR archive, but the typescripts are in the August Sander archive.
  9. ↑ August Sander: Cologne as it was , August Sander work edition, published by the Cologne City Museum and August Sander Archive, Kulturstiftung Stadtsparkasse Cologne, texts by Susanne Lange and Christoph Kim, Amsterdam 1995.
  10. ↑ Armin Beuscher, Asja Bölke, Günter Leitner, Antje Löhr-Sieberg and Anselm Weyer: Melaten tells of Protestant life. A tour. Published by Annette Scholl on behalf of the Evangelical Congregation Cologne, 2010, ISBN 978-3-942186-01-8 , pp. 20f.
  11. ^ The photography at the turn of the century (3rd lecture for the WDR). Cf. August Sander - Photographs 1902–1939 , with texts by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl and Susanne Lange, published by the Kulturstiftung der Länder in conjunction with the Kulturstiftung Stadtsparkasse Köln, Berlin and Köln 1995, p. 12 f.
  12. ↑ Typescript, printed in: August Sander. People of the 20th century : a cultural work in photographs divided into seven groups . Edited and rearranged by Susanne Lange, Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Gerd Sander, 7 volumes, published by Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2002
  13. ↑ Jens Meiffert: August Sander. Guarded by the young mother. Kölnische Rundschau, June 12, 2014 (article on the portrait of a young mother, bourgeois from 1926) https://www.rundschau-online.de/region/koeln/august-sander-behuetet-von-der-jungen-mutter-3172772
  14. ↑ August Sander: The face of time. Sixty recordings of German people from the 20th century. With an introduction by Alfred Döblin, Kurt Wolff Verlag / Transmare Verlag, Munich 1929.
  15. ↑ August Sander: The face of time . Recordings of German people in the 20th century. Transmare Verlag / Kurt Wolff Verlag, Munich 1929.
  16. ^ Lecture Photography as a world language. Cf. August Sander: Photography as a world language. In: Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Fondation Henri Cartier-Bresson (Ed.): August Sander: Seeing, observing and thinking, photographs. Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2009, pp. 25–31, here p. 29.
  17. ↑ World War I - Who were August Sander's «young farmers»? In: Swiss Radio and Television (SRF) . May 29, 2014 ( srf.ch [accessed October 7, 2018]).
  18. ↑ Reinhard Pabst: Unraveled photo miracle: On the trail of August Sander's “young farmers” . In: FAZ.NET . ISSN  0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed October 7, 2018]).
  19. ^ Richard Powers: Three farmers on the way to dance , S. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 2011.
  20. ↑ Peter Panter (pseudonym Kurt Tucholsky ): On the bedside table. In: Die Weltbühne, No. 13, year 26, March 25, 1930.
  21. ↑ Walter Benjamin: A short history of photography (1931). In: ders .: The work of art in the age of its technical reproducibility, Suhrkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1977, pp. 47–64. The Little History of Photography appeared for the first time in the Literary World, divided into three parts: September 18, 1931, September 25, 1931, October 2, 1931.
  22. ↑ August Sander: People without a mask . With a text by Gunter Sander and a foreword by Golo Mann. Lucerne / Frankfurt am Main 1971.
  23. ↑ August Sander: People of the 20th Century , Portrait Photographs 1892–1952 . Edited by Gunther Sander, text by Ulrich Keller, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 1980.
  24. ↑ August Sander: People of the 20th Century. A cultural work in photographs divided into seven groups . Edited and rearranged by Susanne Lange, Gabriele Conrath-Scholl, Gerd Sander, 7 volumes, published by Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2002.
  25. ^ Die Photographische Sammlung / SK Stiftung Kultur (ed.): August Sander, Menschen des 20. Jahrhundert. A cultural work in slides divided into seven groups, texts by Gabriele Conrath-Scholl and Susanne Lange, Schirmer / Mosel, Munich 2010.
  26. ^ WDR: WDR TV - The Eye of the Century - The Legacy of the Photographer August Sander - Press Lounge - WDR. February 23, 2016, accessed October 7, 2018 .
  27. ↑ August Sander: Cologne as it was. Published by the Cologne City Museum and August Sander Archive / Kulturstiftung Stadtsparkasse Köln, forewords by Werner Schäfke and Susanne Lange, texts by Susanne Lange and Christoph Kim, Amsterdam 1995.
  28. ↑ August Sander. In: Rheinisches Bildarchiv Cologne. City of Cologne, accessed on February 21, 2017 (the year 1959 is given as the date of purchase, the majority of other sources give the year 1953).
  29. ↑ Reinhard Matz : A revision. Greven Verlag, Cologne 2016, ISBN 978-3-7743-0666-0 .
  30. ↑ Sanders Snow. In: Rhein-Sieg-Rundschau. December 13, 2016, p. 10.
  31. ↑ Jens Meifert: August Sander archive "He lived in his pictures" . In: Kölnische Rundschau . April 14, 2014 ( rundschau-online.de [accessed February 22, 2017]).
  32. ↑ About . In: Galerie Julian Sander . January 10, 2017 ( galeriejuliansander.de [accessed October 7, 2018]).
  33. ^ Trudi Georg: dispute about the inheritance . In: sueddeutsche.de . February 17, 2017, ISSN  0174-4917 ( sueddeutsche.de [accessed October 7, 2018]).
  34. ↑ Bernhard Schulz moved . In: Der Tagesspiegel Online . February 21, 2017, ISSN  1865-2263 ( tagesspiegel.de [accessed October 7, 2018]).
  35. ↑ Mark Weckesser: verschnupfte Photo researcher in Cologne . In: The daily newspaper: taz . February 28, 2017, ISSN  0931-9085 , p. 17 ( taz.de [accessed October 7, 2018]).
  36. ^ Christiane Fricke: August Sander Edition in New York. In: Culture + Art Market. Handelsblatt , June 11, 2015, accessed on February 21, 2017 .
  37. ↑ Honorary Citizen of Herdorf In: herdorf.de , accessed on October 19, 2018.
  38. ↑ Culture Prize of the DGPh | German Society for Photography eV Accessed October 7, 2018 .
  39. ↑ Who was August Sander? Retrieved October 7, 2018 .
  40. ^ Paulette Cambell: Mercury Features Receive New Names. (No longer available online.) In: Press Release. The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LLC, April 28, 2008, archived from the original on September 13, 2016 ; accessed on February 21, 2017 (English).
  41. ↑ Inauguration of the "August Sander Park". (No longer available online.) In: past events. MediaPark Köln Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH, May 18, 2014, archived from the original on February 22, 2017 ; accessed on February 21, 2017 .
  42. ↑ Realschule plus is now called August Sander Schule AK-Kurier (Altenkirchen region) from January 28, 2017.
  43. ↑ Call for applications - New price for photography from 2018. (PDF) Accessed on October 7, 2018 .
  44. ↑ Brochure for the exhibition The Face of the Landscape - Rhine and Siebengebirge , accessed on November 30, 2017.
  45. ↑ Review: Herbert Molderings : August Sander: Rheinlandschaften. Photographs 1929-1946 . In: Ulmer Verein - Association for Art and Cultural Studies e. V. (Ed.): Critical reports . tape 3 , no. 5/6 , 1975, ISSN  2197-7410 , urn : nbn: de: bsz: 16-kb-96816 (PDF).
  46. ↑ Since her marriage the author has been called Gabriele Betancourt Nuñez. She is honorary professor for photography at the University of Hamburg .
  47. ^ Rolf Sachsse: Review of: Stumberger, Rudolf: Klassen-Bilder. Social documentary photography 1900–1945, Konstanz 2007 . In: H-Soz-Kult . March 26, 2008 ( hsozkult.de ).
  48. ^ The August Sander Project | MoMA. Accessed October 7, 2018 (English).
  49. ↑ The August Sander Project: 2016 | MoMA. Accessed October 7, 2018 (English).
  50. ↑ The August Sander Project: 2017 | MoMA. Accessed October 7, 2018 (English).
personal data
SURNAME Sander, August
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German photographer
DATE OF BIRTH November 17, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Herdorf , Rhineland-Palatinate
DATE OF DEATH April 20, 1964
Place of death Cologne