Biała Olecka

Biała Olecka
	Biała Olecka
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Olecko
Gmina :	Olecko
Geographic location :	54 ° 7 '  N , 22 ° 30'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 7 '26 "  N , 22 ° 29' 35"  E
Residents :	49 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code :	19-400
Telephone code :	(+48) 87
License plate :	NOE
Economy and Transport
Street :	Lenarty → Biała Olecka
Rail route :	no rail connection
Next international airport :	Danzig

Biała Olecka ( German  Billstein , until 1903 Bialla ) is a place in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship . He belongs to the urban and rural community Olecko (Marggrabowa , colloquially also Oletzko , 1928–1945 Treuburg) in the Powiat Olecki ( Oletzko district , 1933–1945 Treuburg district ).

Geographical location

Biała Olecka is located on the Jezioro Białe in the east of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , ten kilometers north of the district town of Olecko .

history

The little that time Old Bialla until 1903 Bialla called town was founded in 1562 when Duke Albrecht the country to the knight Georg von thief gave. The place was characterized by a large estate that had different owners. It last comprised 600 hectares, of which 325 hectares were arable and 100 hectares were forest.

On May 27, 1874, Bialla became Amtsdorf and gave its name to an administrative district that existed until 1945 and - renamed District Billstein in 1903 - belonged to the Oletzko district (1933–1945 Treuburg district) in the Gumbinnen administrative district of the Prussian province of East Prussia .

The former Billstein manor in Biała Olecka

On January 19, 1903, Bialla was renamed Billstein . 195 inhabitants counted the place in 1910.

Based on the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Billstein belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 on whether it would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Billstein, 100 residents voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not vote.

On September 30, 1928, the lost Gutsbezirk Billenstein its independence and became Together with the neighboring Lehnarten ( Polish Lenarty ) in the rural community Judzicken incorporated (1929-1945 Wies height, Polish Judziki).

The neo-baroque country house was built at the beginning of the 20th century and was generously equipped with rooms, mostly artfully decorated on the walls and ceilings. There was a Japanese tea house in the park . During the First World War , the house fell victim to the acts of war, but was soon rebuilt almost true to the original. The last landowner, Leo Brodowski , left the house to the Hitler Youth for their training during the Nazi era .

As a result of the war, Billstein came to Poland in 1945 along with all of southern East Prussia and has since borne the Polish form of name Biała Olecka . Today the place is included in the Schulzenamt ( Polish sołectwo ) Lenarty (Lehnarten) and is thus a place in the network of the urban and rural community Olecko (Marggrabowa , 1928–1945 Treuburg) in the Powiat Olecki ( Oletzko district , 1933–1945 Treuburg district ) , until 1998 of the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then part of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship .

A state enterprise used the country estate after 1945 as an office and living space. However, it fell into disrepair, was abandoned, and burned out in the 1980s. In the 1990s the ruin was bought by a private individual with the intention of rebuilding it.

District of Bialla / Billstein (1874–1945)

The district of Bialla resp. Billstein initially comprised seven villages, but in the end there were only two due to structural changes:

Surname	Change name (1938 to 1945)	Polish name	Remarks
Billstein (until 1903 Bialla)		Biała Olecka	1928 incorporated into Judzicken
Buttken		Budki
Drosdowen (village)			before 1908 incorporated into Drosdowen (Gut)
Drosdowen (Good)	(from 1934) Drosten	Drozdowo	1928 incorporated into Buttken
Judzicken	(from 1929) Wiesenhöhe	Judziki
Loan types		Lenarty	1928 incorporated into Judzicken
Salzwedel		Drozdówko	1928 incorporated into Buttken

On January 1, 1945, only Buttken and Salzwedel still belonged to the Billstein district.

Religions

Bialla were parish in the Protestant parish Mierunsken / Eichhorn (here: Pfarrsprengel Mierunsken) in the church province of East Prussia of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union and in the Catholic parish Marggrabowa in the Diocese of Ermland .

Today the Catholic residents of Biała Oleckas belong to the parish in Judziki in the Diocese of Ełk ( German  Lyck ) of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . The Protestant church members orientate themselves towards the parish in Suwałki with the branch church in Gołdap within the diocese of Masuria of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

traffic

Biała Olecka is a bit away from the traffic and can be reached from Lenarty (Lehnarten) via a side road. There is no longer a train connection. Until 1945 Bialla / Billstein itself was a train station on the Marggrabowa-Garbassen ( Polish: Olecko-Garbas Drugi ) of the Oletzkoer (Treuburger) small railways , whose operation was discontinued as a result of the war.

Web links

Commons : Biała Olecka  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).
2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 24
3. ^ Dietrich Lange: Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Billstein
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} Manor House Biała Olecka - Bialla / Billstein
5. ^ ^{A b} Rolf Jehke: District Bialla / Billstein
6. ^ Uli Schubert: Community directory, district of Oletzko
7. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : Self-determination for East Germany - A documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 63.
8. ↑ ^{a b} Bialla (Oletzko district)
9. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 484.
10. ↑ Parafia Judziki / Diocese of Ełk ( Memento of the original from September 14, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.