Gąski (Olecko)

Gąski
	Gąski
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Warmia-Masuria
Powiat :	Olecko
Gmina :	Olecko
Geographic location :	53 ° 57 '  N , 22 ° 26'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 56 '41 "  N , 22 ° 26' 11"  E
Residents :	248 (March 31, 2011)
Postal code :	19-400
Telephone code :	(+48) 87
License plate :	NOE
Economy and Transport
Street :	DK 65 : ( Russia -) Gołdap - Olecko ↔ Ełk - Grajewo - Białystok - Bobrowniki (- Belarus )
	Guty - Kijewo → Gąski
	Dudki - Kukówko → Gąski
Rail route :	Ełk – Olecko railway line (freight) Railway station: Kijewo
Next international airport :	Danzig

Gąski [ ˈɡɔ̃w̃s? I ] ( German  Gonsken , 1938–1945 Herzogskirchen ) is a village in the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and belongs to the urban and rural community of Olecko (Marggrabowa , also colloquially: Oletzko , 1928–1945 Treuburg) in the Powiat Olecki ( circle Oletzko , 1933-1945 district Treuburg ).

Geographical location

Gąski is located on the east bank of the Jezioro Przytulskie (1938-1945 Herzogskirchener See , German  Gonsker See ) in the east of the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , twelve kilometers southwest of the district town of Olecko .

history

In 1539 the village called Gosty , before 1785 Gunska and until 1938 Gonsken , was founded, which in 1741 became a church village . On May 27, 1874, it became Amtsdorf, giving its name to an administrative district that - renamed the District of Herzogskirchen on September 13, 1938 - existed until 1945 and belonged to the Oletzko district (1933–1945 Treuburg district ) in the Gumbinnen district of the Prussian province of East Prussia .

In 1910, 697 residents were registered in Gonsken. Their number decreased to 675 by 1933 and was still 604 in 1939.

On the basis of the provisions of the Versailles Treaty , the population in the Allenstein voting area , to which Gonsken belonged, voted on July 11, 1920 whether it would continue to belong to East Prussia (and thus to Germany) or join Poland. In Gonsken, 566 people voted to remain with East Prussia, Poland did not vote.

On June 3 (officially confirmed on July 16) of the year 1938, Gonsken was renamed “Herzogskirchen” for political and ideological reasons to avoid foreign-sounding place names. As a result of the war, the village came to Poland in 1945 along with all of southern East Prussia ; it is now the seat of a Schulzenamt ( Polish sołectwo ) and thus a village in the urban and rural community Olecko (Marggrabowa , 1928–1945 Treuburg) in the powiat Olecki ( Oletzko district , 1933–1945 Treuburg district ), until 1998 of the Suwałki Voivodeship , since then the Warmia and Mazury belong.

District Gonsken / Herzogskirchen (1874–1945)

The Gonsken District - renamed the Herzogskirchen District in 1938 - originally consisted of six villages. In the end there were five:

Surname	Change name from 1938 to 1945	Polish name	Remarks
Gonsken	Ducal churches	Gąski
Kukowken	Heinrichstal (East Pr.)	Kukówko
Leschnicken	Kleinheinrichstal	Leśniki	1904 incorporated into Kukowken
Sabielnen	Podersbach	Zabielne
Sayden	Saiden	Zajdy
Schlepien	Schlöppen	Ślepie

On January 1, 1945, the district of Herzogskirchen was made up of the communities Heinrichstal, Herzogskirchen, Podersbach, Saiden and Schlöppen.

Religions

→ Main article : Gonsken Church

Church building

Today's church is the successor to a wooden church built in 1741 from 1831 to 1833. The tower was not added until 1908/09. The interior of the church is covered in the middle with a barrel vault and flat on the sides. It was a Protestant church until 1945 , since 1945 it has served as a place of worship for the Roman Catholic Church and now bears the name of Antonius of Padua (Kościół Św. Antoniego Padewskiego) .

Parish

Evangelical

In 1741 Gonsken became a Protestant church village, which was initially incorporated into the Inspection Lyck ( Polish Ełk ), then until 1945 in the parish of Oletzko / Treuburg in the church province of East Prussia of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union . In 1925 the parish of Gonsken had 3,005 parishioners.

After 1945, flight and expulsion of the local population made evangelical parish life no longer possible. Protestant church members living here today orientate themselves towards the parish in Ełk , a subsidiary of the parish in Pisz ( German  Johannisburg ) in the Masurian diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .

Roman Catholic

Before 1945 only very few Catholic church members lived in Gonsken or Herzogskirchen. They belonged to the parish church in Marggrabowa (Treuburg / Olecko) in the Diocese of Warmia . Due to the settlement of numerous Polish and mostly Catholic new citizens in Gąski, a parish ( Polish parafia ) was formed here, which used the previously evangelical church as its parish church. She is part of the dean's office Olecko - św. Jana Apostoła in the Ełk Diocese of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland . There is a branch church in Kijewo (Kiöwen) .

traffic

Gąski is located on the important national road DK 65 (formerly German Reichsstraße 132 ), which connects the Warmian-Masurian and Podlaskie Voivodeships from the Russian to the Belarusian border . In town, two side streets come to an end, coming from the west and the east, which merge the town with the surrounding area.

The next train station is Kijewo (Kiöwen) on the once important Lyck – Insterburg ( Polish Ełk – Tschernjachowsk ) railway , which is now only used as a freight line between Ełk and Olecko .

Native of the place

• Gerhard Olschewski (born May 30, 1942 in Herzogskirchen), German actor and radio play speaker

Individual evidence

1. ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku , March 31, 2011, accessed on April 21, 2019 (Polish).
2. ↑ Polish Postal Code Directory 2013, p. 254
3. ^ Dietrich Lange: Geographical register of East Prussia: Herzogskirchen
4. ↑ ^{a b} Rolf Jehke: District Gonsken / Herzogskirchen
5. ^ Uli Schubert: Community directory, district of Oletzko
6. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Treuburg (Oletzko). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
7. ↑ Herbert Marzian , Csaba Kenez : Self-determination for East Germany - A documentation on the 50th anniversary of the East and West Prussian referendum on July 11, 1920. Editor: Göttinger Arbeitskreis , 1970, p. 64.
8. ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 2 Pictures of East Prussian Churches. Göttingen 1968, p. 115, figs. 522-523.
9. ^ Gąski - Gonsken / Herzogskirchen
10. ↑ Walther Hubatsch: History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3 documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 484.
11. ↑ Parafia Gąski in the Diocese of Ełk ( Memento of the original dated August 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.