Tschirn

This article deals with the Tschirn community in Upper Franconia, for the functionary of the same name in the free-thinking and free-spirited movement, see Gustav Tschirn .

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 50 ° 24 '  N , 11 ° 27'  E
Basic data
State :	Bavaria
Administrative region :	Upper Franconia
County :	Kronach
Management Community :	Teuschnitz
Height :	598 m above sea level NHN
Area :	20.12 km 2
Residents:	526 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	26 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	96367
Area code :	09268
License plate :	KC, SAN
Community key :	09 4 76 182
Community structure:	3 districts
Address of the municipal administration:	Schulweg 8 96367 Tschirn
Website :	www.tschirn-online.de
Mayor :	Peter Klinger ( CSU )
Location of the community Tschirn in the district of Kronach

Tschirn is a municipality in the Upper Franconian district of Kronach in Bavaria . She is a member of the Teuschnitz administrative community .

geography

Geographical location

Tschirn is located in the Franconian Forest Nature Park . The Tschirner Ködel brooks (feeds the Mauthaus drinking water reservoir ), the Grümpel and the Dober spring in the immediate vicinity. The Franconian Marienweg runs through the village .

Community structure

• Dobermill
• Tschirn
• Community granulator

The community cutting mill (weapon hammer) was in the valley of the Tschirner Ködel. It consisted of a house, a barn and a wood sawmill, in which wood was cut to the end. After the construction of the Mauthaus dam , it was demolished around 1980 because it was located in the narrower protection zone of the drinking water dam. The owners Förtsch and Jaksch were relocated to Tschirn.

history

Until the 15th century

Tschirn was first mentioned in a document in 1276 as "Gut Tschirn". The establishment of the place on the Hochstrasse Kronach - Lehesten , one of the shortest connections into Thuringia, took place around the turn of the millennium during the time of the Steinberger and Schweinfurt Counts of Henneberg . In 1187 the goods were in the secular possession of von Schaumberg , in 1276 "Schirn" (Tschirn) and "Pressans" and the churches in these property were ceded to the Langheim monastery . On December 18, 1388, the "Eygen" Teuschnitz with 31 places, including Tschirn with the right of patronage together with the associated settlements Hois, Priesterich and Oßla, was bought by the Bamberg Monastery. Tschirn belonged to the undisputed possession of the prince-bishopric of Bamberg from 1388 to 1803 until the secularization , then it passed to the Kingdom of Bavaria .

All residents of Hois and Priestrich fell victim to the plague that raged around the middle of the 14th century . The places went out.

Around 1414 the citizens of Tschirn made active use of the mining justice issued in 1234. Ore was mined, smelted and processed in armories. At that time the place had 152 families and 600 inhabitants, 84 houses, a parish office, a school and a parish church, district and forest warehouses, a grinding mill and two cutting mills with a hammer.

Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War did not spare Tschirn. In 1632 Pastor Johann Cuno was murdered in the rectory by a Swedish soldier. The pastor is said to have disguised himself as a butcher, but when he wanted to protect the holy implements from the robber mercenaries, he was recognized and killed. The peasants avenged the "merttrer von Tschirn", they pursued his murderer and killed him in the ground between Tschirn and Rappoltengrün . The forecast for the poor soul is still around the Sweden to night hours. For the local festival in 1957, the local poet Andreas Bauer (Bauern-Andres) had processed these events into a play under the title Of hardship and death and hard times . It was performed by a Tschirner amateur play group under the direction of the author in the open space in front of the rectory.

In the aftermath of the Thirty Years' War, rinderpest , dysentery , typhus and leafiness plagued people. Miss years, high prices and storms always brought great hardship.

Origin of the place name

Tschirn, also written "Schirn", "Zirn", or "Zschirn", is a Slavic name that is derived from the Czech černý (black) and means, for example, Black Forest, spruce or fir forest.

Population development

In the period from 1988 to 2018, the population fell from 704 to 516 by 188 or 26.7%.

politics

Municipal council

The Tschirn municipal council has eight members under the leadership of the honorary mayor.

	2020
CSU / Liberal Citizens - LB	4th
Alternative for Tschirn	4th
total	8 seats

(Status: local election on March 15, 2020)

coat of arms

The coat of arms description reads: “Divided by blue and gold; Above is the bust of Saint James, clad in silver and nimbed in gold, holding a gold pilgrim's staff in his right hand and a gold cross in his left; on the breast a red pilgrim shell; two rooted black conifers next to each other. "(Ministerial approval of April 11, 1957 No. IB 1 - 3000 - 29 T / 5)

The black conifers on the lower half of the shield are a reference to the place name, derived from the Slavic černý (black) and meaning Black Forest. Black and gold allude to the colors of the lion coat of arms of the former bishopric of Bamberg, the prince-bishops ruled the country until 1802/03. Already before 1276 and again since 1388 after the purchase of the goods of the Cistercian monastery Langheim in this area, the place was undisputed property of high estates. Saint James was certified as the parish patron in 1276. Its attributes rod, shell and cross were added to the coat of arms. The municipal flag shows three stripes in the color sequence red, white and blue corresponding to the main colors in the municipal coat of arms.

Buildings and works of art

Catholic parish church of St. James, east facade

Catholic parish church of St. James, organ

At the former Ortsteich, at house number 97 (today Kronacher Straße 8), between two mighty linden trees was the sandstone figure of Saint Nepomuk with the inscription in the base: “Johan Hader Schmittmeister von Tschirn and all the people who do good do the glory of God and He Johann von Nepomuc had this picture set. Ano 1774 ". In 1998, after a renovation, the statue was moved to the corner at Eckstrasse / Kronacher Strasse. Of the same kind, about 100 meters north of the parish church, there is a Vespers picture of Our Lady, holding the Christ removed from the cross. This sandstone figure was once painted.

From 1865 to 1868, the Tschirner built today's Gothic parish church. In addition to valuable gems, it contains several wooden figures (the oldest is probably the standing Virgin Mary from around 1500), four altarpieces, the Way of the Cross and four evangelists by the painter Lorenz Kaim from Kronach, as well as a Steinmeyer organ .

Architectural and ground monuments

→ Main article : List of architectural monuments in Tschirn

See also : Burgstall Tschirn

Pastor of Tschirn

• 1401: Richardt Johannes
• 1415: Nicklas
• 1440: driver Johannes
• 1471: Knows John
• 1521: Lauterbach Johannes
• 1535: Schütz Johannes
• 1539: Alstich Johannes
• 1552: Limmer Simon
• 1558: Fleischmann Johannes
• 1587: Zweidler Wolfgang
• 1596: In addition to Wolfgang
• 1611: Hammon Otto
• 1612: Cuno Johannes
• 1632: Target fields Kornelius
• 1638: Brown Johannes Wilhelm
• 1640: Johann Konrad Cervinus von Hirsch
• 1642: Fiddler Martin Johann
• 1664: Kaupert Friedrich
• 1666: Arelt Johann
• 1672: Will Johann
• 1685: Judge Martin
• 1686: Slightly Nickolaus
• 1687: Weber Georg
• 1689: Hofstetter Johannes
• 1710: Johann Georg alarm clock
• 1718: Beuschel Johann Tobias (buried in Tschirn)
• 1752: Wachter Johann Simon (buried in Tschirn)
• 1788: Oehrlein Georg Josef (buried in Tschirn)
• 1791: Baumann Friedrich
• 1802: Lang Johann Georg Philipp
• 1813: Valentin shower
• 1818: Angel Johann
• 1834: Kestel Johann
• 1842: Scharold Georg
• 1843: Alt Johann
• 1859: Beside Kaspar (born and buried in Tschirn)
• 1866: Besold Johann
• 1875: Krahl Augustin (buried in Tschirn)
• 1878: Schmitt Franz
• 1883: Schirmer Georg
• 1889: Stöcklein Georg
• 1894: Nüßlein Heinrich
• 1896: Schindelmann Michael
• 1908: Stenglein Jakob
• 1913: Dütsch Augustin
• 1922: Beyerwaltes Andreas
• 1929: Zwosta Georg
• 1934: Hagel Johannes
• 1949: Höfinger Rudolf
• 1966: Schöring Johannes
• 1971: Temporary staff: Professor Johannes Seifert, Nurn and Pastor Josef Voll, Lahm
• 1984: Antekolovic Tomislav
• 1998: Martin Hans (parish Nordhalben and Tschirn)
• 2005: Barthelme Peter - Parish Association Upper Franconian Forest: Teuschnitz, Tschirn, Wickendorf, Marienroth (from October 2006: Dean - Deanery Teuschnitz)
• 2011: Lindner Joachim
• 2017: Pötzl Detlef

Economy and Infrastructure

Agriculture, forestry and home work offered only a subsistence level in earlier centuries. The slate industry was founded in 1894 and migrated to Nordhalben in 1902 . Attempts to mine shale deposits in the 1920s and 1930s failed. The largest employer in Tschirn is the branch of Dr. Franz Schneider GmbH with 160 employees.

Culture and recreation

There are hiking trails nearby on well-marked routes - the nearby Rennsteig , Seenweg and the two European long-distance hiking trails E3 and E6 . A section of the Green Belt forms the border with Thuringia for kilometers. The Porzellanstraße and Frankenwaldhochstraße run through the village .

Honorary citizen

• Franz Schneider (born February 9, 1929 in Wilhelmsthal † April 15, 2020), entrepreneur

literature

• Günter Böhnlein: Tschirner story (s). What we know, do and tell on proud mountain heights . 2019. Self-published by Pixelbändiger Tschirn.
• Johann Kaspar Bundschuh : Tschirn . In: Geographical Statistical-Topographical Lexicon of Franconia . tape 5 : S-U . Verlag der Stettinische Buchhandlung, Ulm 1802, DNB  790364328 , OCLC 833753112 , Sp. 593 ( digitized version ).
• Rudolf Pfadenhauer (Ed.): Tschirn in the Franconian Forest. One community remembers 1276–2001 . ISBN 3-000-08814-8
• Pleikard Joseph Stumpf : Tschirn . In: Bavaria: a geographical-statistical-historical handbook of the kingdom; for the Bavarian people . Second part. Munich 1853, p. 618-619 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Tschirn  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• to the website of the Tschirn community
• Entry on Tschirn's coat of arms  in the database of the House of Bavarian History

• Tschirn: Official statistics of the LfStat (PDF; 1.45 MB)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ "Data 2" sheet, Statistical Report A1200C 202041 Population of the municipalities, districts and administrative districts 1st quarter 2020 (population based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
2. ↑ Klemens Stadler: The coats of arms of the Upper Franconian districts and communities
3. ↑ Festschrift of the Tschirn Volunteer Fire Brigade 2001 - Author: Günter Böhnlein, Tschirn
4. ↑ Press release 17. (PDF) Dr. Schneider Group, 2012, archived from the original on December 31, 2015 ; accessed on December 31, 2015 .