Dzerzhinskoye (Kaliningrad)

settlement Dzerzhinskoye Gowarten Дзержинское Federal district Northwest Russia Oblast Kaliningrad Rajon Slavsk Earlier names Trackenincken (after 1736), Trakeningken (around 1785), Gowarten (until 1946) population 184 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Time zone UTC + 2 Telephone code (+7) 40163 Post Code 238608 License Plate 39, 91 OKATO 27 236 802 004 Geographical location Coordinates 54 ° 53 '  N , 21 ° 46'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 52 '48 "  N , 21 ° 45' 54"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Kaliningrad Oblast

Dzerzhinskoje ( Russian Дзержинское , German  Gowarten , Lithuanian Govartai ) is a place in the Russian Oblast of Kaliningrad . It belongs to the local government unit Stadtkreis Slawsk in slavsky district .

Geographical location

Dzerzhinsky is located north of the river Ossa (Russian: Osa), 19 kilometers southeast of the district town of Slavsk (Heinrichswalde) . A side street runs through the village, connecting Bolshakowo with Osjornoje (Neu Lappönen) and Nismennoje (Pleinlauken , 1938 to 1946 Rosenthal) and in Dzerzhinskoje from the side street Kanasch (Jurgaitschen , 1938 to 1946 Königskirch) - Pridoroschnoje (Groß Asznaggern , 1938 to 1946 Grenzberg) is crossed. The next train station today is Bolshakovo on the Kaliningrad – Sovetsk (Koenigsberg – Tilsit) line . Until 1945 there was a connection to the Insterburg – Groß Skaisgirren railway of the Insterburger Kleinbahnen via the Bersziupchen station (1938 to 1946 Birkenhausen , no longer existent today) .

history

The place called Trakeningken , then Gowarten , in the 18th century had been a church village since 1906 and before 1945 consisted of widely scattered courtyards. On March 26, 1874 Gowarten was in the newly built office district incorporated Wannaglauken, who was then the lowland district in Administrative district Gumbinnen the Prussian province of East Prussia belonged. In 1910, 119 inhabitants were registered in Gowarten. In 1925 the number was 125. In 1932 the neighboring towns of Alxnupönen, Paoß-Wißbarren and Pareisgirren were incorporated into Gowarten. The population of the enlarged municipality rose to 319 in 1933 and was 333 in 1939.

On April 18, 1939, the previous district of Wannaglauken was renamed, Gowarten was named after. The Gowarten district, then part of the newly named Elchniederung district , existed until 1945.

As a result of the war, Gowarten came to the Soviet Union with northern East Prussia . The place was given the Russian name "Dzerzhinsky" in 1950 and was at the same time classified in the Bolshakovsky selski Sowet in the Bolshakovo Rajon . In 1963 the place came to Slavsk Raion . From 2008 to 2015 Dzerzhinskoye belonged to the rural municipality of Bolshakovskoye selskoje posselenije and since then to the urban district of Slavsk.

Gowarten District (1939–1945)

The district of Gowarten replaced the previous district of Wannaglauken and existed from 1939 to 1945. Ten communities were incorporated:

Surname	Name until 1938	Russian name
Hawk height	Demedschen, until 1936: Demedszen
Friedlau	Friedlauken	Svobodny
Gowarten		Dzerzhinskoye
Large forest	Great Wannaglauken	Pervomaiskoye
Gruten	Grudschen, until 1936: Grudszen	Novorchok
Gutsfelde	Great Obscherningken	Chistopolye
Haslingen	Klein Wannaglauken
Kieslau	Skieslauken
Kleinwalde	Klein Obscherningken	Chistopolye
Kripfelde	Kriplauken	Kimrskoye

church

See the main article → Gowarten Church

Church building

The Gowarten Church is a simple hall building with a roof turret as a bell carrier. It was built in 1921/1922. If the building survived the Second World War unscathed, it was used by third parties after 1945 and rebuilt: the roof turret was removed, the windows changed and the roof covered with asbestos cement panels. Despite its current use as a leisure club, library and shop, the building was preserved.

Parish

A parish was established on October 1, 1906 in the Gowarten, which is mostly inhabited by Protestant church members. Until then, the village and the neighboring towns were assigned to the Skaisgirren church (parish seat in Groß Skaisgirren , 1938 to 1946: Kreuzingen, today in Russian: Bolschakowo). In 1925, 1,800 parishioners belonged to the parish of Gowarten, who lived in 17 localities. The parish was assigned to the parish Niederung (Elchniederung) within the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .

Due to the flight and displacement of the local population and the restrictive church policy of the Soviet Union, church life in Dzerzhinskoye came to a standstill. Today the place is in the catchment area of ​​the Evangelical Lutheran congregation in Bolshakowo, which was newly constituted in the 1990s and is a branch congregation in the church region of the Salzburg church in Gussew (Gumbinnen) . It belongs to the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .

school

Since 1722 there was a school in Gowarten. In 1834 there were 210 children in the school district, so that later there was even a lack of space. At the end of the 19th century the school had three classes, albeit with only two classrooms. The school building has been preserved, but is in a dilapidated condition.

Web links

• Dzerzhinskoye at bankgorodov.ru
• Dzerzhinskoye at prussia39.ru

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ D. Lange, Geographical Location Register East Prussia (2005): Gowarten
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Rolf Jehke, Wannaglauken / Gowarten district
4. ↑ Uli Schubert, community directory, Niederung district
5. ^ ^{A b} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Niederung (Elchniederung). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
6. ↑ The Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 5 июля 1950 г., №745 / 3, "О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Regulation 745/3 of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR "About renaming of places of Kaliningrad Oblast" from July 5, 1950)
7. ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church of East Prussia , Volume 2: Images of East Prussian churches , Göttingen 1968, p 92, Fig 372nd
8. ↑ ^{a b} Gowarten - Dserschinskoje at ostpreussen.net
9. ↑ Кирха Говартена - The Gowarten Church at prussia39.ru (with historical and current photo)
10. ↑ Walther Hubatsch, History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3: Documents , Göttingen 1968, p. 482
11. ↑ The parish of Gowarten - district community Elchniederung
12. ^ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty of Kaliningrad ( Memento of August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive )