Myssovka (Kaliningrad)
| settlement
Myssovka
Karkeln Мысовка
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.svg)
Myssowka ( Russian Мысовка , German Karkeln ) is a settlement in Slavsk Rajon in the Russian Kaliningrad Oblast . It belongs to the municipal self-government unit of the Slavsk district .
Place name
The name Karkeln is derived from Prussian karklis and means water willow / willow thicket.
The name Myssowka was (apparently) derived from the Russian mys (мыс) for headland.
Geographical location
Myssowka is located on the east bank of the Curonian Lagoon in the Memel delta on the Schirokaja (German: Karkeln) river, which flows into the Rohrbucht (Russian: Kamyschewy Saliw) here. The Russian regional road 27A-034 (ex R513 ) coming from Sowetsk (Tilsit) ends in the village .
history
Karkeln was important both as a fishing village and as a regional trading center, which earned it the status of a patch .
In 1660, the Great Elector gave the place jug justice. Karkeln has been a church since the 16th century and was given a stately church in 1722, which was expanded in 1898/99 and a tower was added. In 1785 the size of the mottled church village Karckel , whose church is a branch of Schakuhnen, is given as 93 fire places (households).
An estate belonged to the village, owned by Ferdinand Gallien in 1843. In December 1861 there were 173 buildings in the boundary of the farming village, which covered an area of over 1,496 acres , and the herd of animals amounted to 37 horses, 299 cattle and 80 pigs. There was a school and an inn in the village.
In 1874, Karkeln became an official village and gave its name to an administrative district that became the Heydekrug district until 1922 , then the Niederung district until 1945 (from 1939 "Elchniederung district").
With the construction of a small railway to Brittania in 1902, a brisk spa tourism established itself in the first half of the 20th century.
In 1945 Karkeln belonged to the district Elchniederung in Administrative district Gumbinnen the province of East Prussia of the German Reich .
As a result of the Second World War , Karkeln came to the Soviet Union together with northern East Prussia in the summer of 1945 . The place was given the Russian place name "Myssowka" in 1947 and was assigned at the same time to the village soviet Jasnowski selski Sowet in Slavsk Raion . Presumably, the place came in 1950 in the Lewobereschnenski selski Sowet and then in 1965 in the Prochladnenski selski Sowet . From 2008 to 2015 Myssowka belonged to the rural municipality Yasnovskoye selskoje posselenije and since then to the urban district of Slavsk.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1816 | 709 | |
| 1852 | 987 | |
| 1861 | 1,019 | in December |
| 1910 | 887 | |
| 1925 | 944 | |
| 1933 | 927 | |
| 1939 | 885 | |
| 2002 | 367 | |
| 2010 | 329 |
Karkeln District (1874 to 1945)
The district of Karkeln existed from 1874 to 1945. Initially, ten parishes belonged to it, in the end there were seven:
| Surname | Change name from 1938 to 1946 |
Russian name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ackelingken | Ackeln | Rovnoye | |
| Dervehlischken | 1932 incorporated into Kallningken | ||
| Kallningken | Herdenau | Prochladnoye | |
| Karkeln | Myssovka | ||
| Lukischken | Gaps | Kruglyanka | 1936 incorporated into Kallningken |
| Parungaln | 1931 incorporated into Karkeln | ||
| Pustutten | Antonswiese | Beresino | |
| Tramischen | Tramming | Rasdolnoye | |
| We ball | Waiting | Perechwatnoye | |
| Wittken | Lipki |
On January 1, 1945, the district was still made up of the municipalities: Ackeln, Antonswiese, Herdenau, Karkeln, Trammen, Warten and Wittken.
church
See the main article → Church Karkeln
Church building
A first church was built in Karkeln in 1680 as a building made of wood and clay. But it burned down, and so a new church was built in 1722, initially a stone building without a tower, then expanded in 1898/99 with a choir, sacristy, galleries and a tower in neo-Gothic style.
In 1949 the tower of the church burned down, although it was not without damage from the war. When the whole country flooded in 1959 after a dike breached, the church was torn down and the stones were used to fill in the washouts. Today there is a clubhouse on the square of the church.
Parish
Originally the Karkelner Church was a branch church of the Ruß Church (the place is called today in Lithuanian: Rusnė ). In 1644 the place became independent with the establishment of its own parish with four parish places . Between 1711 and 1847, however, Karkeln was again a subsidiary community, initially to the Schakuhnen Church (the place was called Schakendorf between 1938 and 1946, today in Russian: Lewobereschnoje ), then from 1834 to the Kallningken Church (1938 to 1946: Herdenau, Russian: Prochladnoje ). In 1919, the at that time already back independent parish from Karkeln was Kirchenkreis Heydekrug (now Lithuanian: Šilutė) in the parish of lowland (Elchniederung) transferred. In 1925 Karkeln had 1,189 parishioners.
Today Myssowka is located in the catchment area of the Evangelical Lutheran parish in Slavsk (Heinrichswalde) , which was founded in the 1990s and belongs to the Kaliningrad (Königsberg) provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the place
- Georg Heinrici (born March 14, 1844 in Karkeln), German Protestant theologian († 1915)
Connected to the place
- August Heinrici (1812–1881), later superintendent of Gumbinnen, was from 1843 to 1845 assistant preacher at the Karkelner church
- Johann Luther (1861–1932), German Baltic Lutheran theologian, was pastor at the Karkeln Church from 1918 to 1926
Trivia
Karkeln was in the spring of 1939 a. a. Setting for the feature film The Journey to Tilsit . Numerous outdoor shoots were done here, which resulted in a small cinematic monument to the former East Prussian town.
literature
- in order of appearance
- Daniel Heinrich Arnoldt : Brief messages from all preachers who have admitted to the Lutheran churches in East Prussia since the Reformation . Königsberg 1777, pp. 164-165.
- August Eduard Preuss : Prussian country and folklore or description of Prussia. A manual for primary school teachers in the province of Prussia, as well as for all friends of the fatherland . Bornträger Brothers, Königsberg 1835, p. 525.
- Kühnast: News on property, livestock, population and public taxes of the localities in Lithuania according to official sources . Volume 2, Gumbinnen 1863, pp. 14-15.
- Eduard Grigoleit: Haffbad Karkeln, the "Curonian Venice" . Tilsit 1927
- Elchniederung district community: The Karkeln parish, Elchniederung district . Diepholz 2003
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ^ Johann Friedrich Goldbeck : Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia . Part I, Königsberg / Leipzig 1785, Complete Topography of the Littthau Cammer Department, p. 65.
- ↑ Oeffentlicher Anzeiger to the Official Gazette of the Royal. Government to Gumbinnen . No. 49, December 6, 1843, p. 549.
- ↑ a b c Kühnast: News on property, livestock, population and public taxes of the localities in Lithuania according to official sources . Volume 2, Gumbinnen 1863, p. 14
- ↑ a b Rolf Jehke, Karkeln district
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. «О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Ordinance of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the Renaming of Places in Kaliningrad Oblast" of November 17, 1947)
- ↑ from 1910 census data
- ↑ Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 2: G – Ko , Halle 1821, p. 300, item 960.
- ^ Kraatz: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state. Berlin 1856, p. 279.
- ↑ Karkeln at wiki-de
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church of East Prussia , Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen, 1968, p. 93, Fig. 375
- ↑ Photo of the church around 1900
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch, History of the Evangelical Church of East Prussia , Volume 3: Documents , Göttingen, 1969, p. 483
- ↑ Parish Karkeln near Elchniederung district community
- ^ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty of Kaliningrad ( Memento of August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive )