Elsen (Grevenbroich)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Elsen
City of Grevenbroich
Coordinates: 51 ° 5 ′ 28 ″  N , 6 ° 33 ′ 59 ″  E
Height : 42 m above sea level NN
Residents : 5360  (December 31, 2018)
Incorporation : 1930
Postal code : 41515
Area code : 02181
Elsen (North Rhine-Westphalia)
Elsen

Location of Elsen in North Rhine-Westphalia

Elsen is a district of Grevenbroich in the Rhine district of Neuss .

location

It is located in the northeast of Grevenbroich at an altitude of 41.7 m above sea level. NN. In the southwest Elsen borders on Neu-Elfgen (Grevenbroich) and in the northeast on Orken . The municipality of Jüchen connects to the northwest and the urban area of Grevenbroich to the southeast . Elsen-Fürth belongs to Elsen. The Elsbach, which is partially piped here and flows through Elsen, flows into the Erft in Grevenbroich .

Surname

Elsen and the Elsbach take their name from their location in a swampy, swampy place covered with alders .

history

The history of Elsen is closely linked to the Teutonic Order , which Elsen was in possession of from 1263 until the secularization in 1802. The nationalized property was sold in 1809.

First mention and 12th century

In 1190 Hermann, Herr von Elsen, appears as a witness in a document . This is the first known mention of Elsen. Elsen is also mentioned again in a document in 1293 when it says sita iuxtra Ripam inter oppida Brugge et Ellze (German at the brook between the towns of Broich and Elsen ). The Elsen Church was donated in 1222 to the Regulierherrenkloster (see Regular Canon ) in Neuss. The church itself is older, as the Romanesque church tower still in existence suggests. It is estimated at around 1180. In 1263 Elsen was sold to the Teutonic Order in Gürath .

Teutonic rule

The rule of the Teutonic Order over Elsen begins in 1263 with the purchase of the village of Elsen. In the same year the monastery of the Canon Regulars in Neuss renounced the patronage of the Church in Elsen in favor of the Teutonic Order . From now on Elsen belongs to the Ballei Koblenz of the Teutonic Order. Through numerous acquisitions (e.g. Noithausen 1295–1301) and foundations (e.g. Rittergut Birkhof near Korschenbroich - Lüttenglehn ) inside and outside the Elsen rule, the Teutonic Order created an economic basis, but without enlarging the territory. Elsen was almost surrounded by the extensive possessions of the Duchy of Jülich and the Electorate of Cologne . Since the middle of the 15th century Elsen was considered to be imperial direct rule . Due to the Elsen possession, the Komtur von Koblenz held the imperial estate in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation . In 1501 the Duchy of Jülich claimed sovereignty over the Elsen property. It was not until 1545 that Jülich recognized the legal position in favor of the Teutonic Order. Due to the long-lasting rule of the order, Elsen was largely spared from wars. Elsen remained unaffected by the Truchsessian War (1583–1589), which raged in the neighboring towns of Hülchrath and Wevelinghoven . During the Thirty Years' War , only in 1642 is a looting by imperial troops under General Lamboy known, during which the old church was burned down. In 1758, in the aftermath of the Battle of Krefeld during the Seven Years' War , Elsen was hit again by acts of war when Prince Ferdinand of Braunschweig gathered his troops in front of Elsen-Orken. The rule of the Teutonic Order over Elsen ended in 1809. The properties were sold by the French government as domain property (see manor ).

19th and 20th centuries

Elsen on the
Grevenbroich tranchot card from 1807

From 1798 Elsen belonged to the Arrondissement Cologne ( Ger. Cologne ) in the Département de la Roer . The favorable traffic situation on the old Roman road from Neuss to Aachen (later: Bundesstraße 1 ; today in common parlance: "old B1"), which Napoleon expanded into a Heerstraße, meant that Elsen was elevated to a canton when the French administrative structure was introduced . The canton Elsen included the Mairien Elsen, Grevenbroich , Kapellen , Wevelinghoven , Frimmersdorf , Gustorf , Hemmerden , Bedburdyck , Garzweiler . The pastor , who worked at a canton square, was named senior pastor ; The pastor of Elsen still bears this canonically meaningless title today. In 1815 the Rhineland , and thus Elsen too, became part of Prussia . The canton of Elsen was dissolved and part of the newly formed Grevenbroich district . The Elsen mayor's office was created with the communities of Elsen, Elfgen and Laach. In 1869 the Grevenbroich train station was built in the Elsen municipality. Until then, the Erft was considered the border between Elsen and Grevenbroich. The so-called "Bahnviertel", separated by the railway line from Elsen, was united with the city of Grevenbroich in 1898. In 1929 the Elsen mayor's office was renamed to Amt Elsen. In 1930 the offices of Grevenbroich and Elsen were combined to form the new office of Grevenbroich. On April 1, 1937, the Grevenbroich office was dissolved. The municipality Elsen was in the city of Grevenbroich incorporated .

Population numbers

  • 1868: 59 houses
  • after 1869: 90 houses
  • around 1900: 3250 inhabitants (Elsen mayor), 460 of them in Elsen.
  • 1925: 3834 inhabitants
  • August 31, 2003: 5570 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2005: 6006 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2006: 6,075 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2007: 6013 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2008: 5980 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2009: 5869 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2010: 5847 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2012: 6,062 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2013: 6129 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2014: 5170 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2015: 5268 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2016: 5332 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2017: 5349 inhabitants
  • December 31, 2018: 5360 inhabitants

Special events

On September 8, 1913, the aviation pioneer Paul Senge fell near the Gut St. Leonard near Elsen and died shortly afterwards in the Grevenbroich hospital. He was on a flight from Wanne-Eickel to Viersen , during which he was supposed to prove the airworthiness of an aircraft from the Aristoplan works (Wanne-Eickel).

Elsen coat of arms

Coat of arms above the Vogtstür in the parish church of St. Stephanus

The symbol, commonly referred to as the Elsen coat of arms , is actually the coat of arms of Landkomtur Jobst Moritz Droste zu Senden , who had his coat of arms affixed to numerous buildings in the Ballei during his tenure as Commander of the Koblenz Chamber Ballei. This coat of arms can also be found in the parish church of St. Stephanus above the former Vogtstür. This coat of arms is still used today by the Kirmesgesellschaft Elsen-Fürth eV , with the variation that the year 1924, the year the Kirmesgesellschaft was founded, is mentioned in the oval shield below the coat of arms.

Culture and leisure

Attractions

St. Stephen of Elsen

Parish Church of St Stephen

Main article: St. Stephanus (Elsen)

The church consecrated to St. Stephen probably dates back to the 12th century. The church tower is dated to the year 1180. During the Thirty Years' War the church was destroyed on June 2, 1642; only the church tower remained. It was not until 1715 that the new nave could be completed. In 1885 the dilapidated onion dome of the church tower was replaced by a new spire. In 1896 the church was rebuilt. The hall of the nave was lengthened and a transept was added so that a cross-shaped church building was created. The previously four-story church tower was raised by one floor. On November 22, 1929, the church burned down again; again only the church tower with the bells was spared. By July 13, 1930, the nave was restored.

Freetime activities

The "Greenland area" belonging to Elsen has many modern playgrounds. The former Rhine brown area , the Elsbachtal, has also become a popular local recreation area through recultivation . This is followed directly by the ADAC security center, it is considered the most modern in Europe.

The fair company Elsen-Fürth and Fürtherberg

On December 1, 1923, the Elsen-Fürth Association was brought into being. It consisted of 7 clubs (Elsen volunteer fire brigade, Elsen-Fürth farmers' association, gymnastics and sports club Elsen-Fürth, theater company "Unter Uns", bowling club, Elsen sports club and the Elsen-Fürth drum corps). At that time it was decided that the folk festival, the fair for all clubs and for all village members should take place on the 1st Sunday in October. The founding of the association only became effective on January 21, 1924. In 2010, the Kirmesgesellschaft Elsen-Fürth and Fürtherberg counted 33 active associations with a total of around 500 members.

The fair begins on Saturdays with a torchlight procession through Elsen-Fürth and Fürtherberg and an evening with a festival ball in the fair tent on the fairground in Elsen. On Sunday morning the church attendance, the honor of the dead at the memorial in the Elsen cemetery and the anniversary ceremonies take place in the marquee. In the evening celebrities from radio and television perform in the marquee, who are ordered by the reigning Klompenkönig as a surprise for the members.

The traditional Klompenumzug takes place on Monday. All members take part in this parade who deny this parade with Klompen . The parade is led by a Thanksgiving float. Then the parade takes place in the manor and later the Klompenball in the marquee. The new king is introduced around 3 p.m.

On Tuesday and the last day of the fair, the traditional pea soup dinner takes place in the morning, when non-members and the neighboring schools are invited to dinner in the tent. In the evening, the new Klompenkönig is crowned at the coronation ball.

Economy and Infrastructure

Greenland terrain

During the Second World War, cardboard and cardboard packaging was manufactured by the Rheinische Pappenfabrik AG from Monheim am Rhein in the Elsen district of Grevenbroich in the area on Rheydter Strasse . In a bombing raid in 1941 the factory was destroyed and never rebuilt. "IGA" - Industriegas GmbH & Co. KG from Düsseldorf acquired the site in 1942 and moved to Grevenbroich after the bombing in Düsseldorf. After the Second World War, "Grönland GmbH" produced frozen food and canned food here. When production was stopped and the company was dissolved, the city of Grevenbroich acquired this area, now known as the "Greenland site".

The "Greenland area" is a residential area that has been developed since the 1980s, which, in addition to numerous single-family houses, essentially consists of a football field and a playground , which are separated by the Elsbach. Its name comes from the Greenland terrain rather than the to Denmark belonging to Greenland , but the cannery named Greenland, which was located here once.

Sugar factory

In 1867 the Elsen sugar factory was founded by cousins ​​Arthur and Julius vom Rath due to the convenient transport links. To ensure that the sugar factory also had sufficient capacity, lease contracts were concluded with various landowners in the area in the following years. In 1893 the sugar factory was transferred to the Wilh. Werhahn KG in Neuss. Only seven years later, the German Sugar Syndicate, with the participation of A. Schaffhausen'schen Bankverein, bought the Elsen sugar factory. At the same time, Gottlieb Langen and Valentin Pfeifer from Pfeifer & Langen also became involved in the company that was now operating under the name "Zuckerfabrik Elsen AG". In 1905 Pfeifer & Langen acquired shares in the Elsener Zuckerfabrik with a value of 70,000 marks. In 1910 the company also bought the remaining shares and dissolved the stock corporation on June 4, 1910. In 1926, 50 people were employed in the Elsen plant of the Pfeifer & Langen company. In 1931 the company decided to close the factory in Elsen, as the company had meanwhile acquired a sugar factory in Grevenbroich- Stadt Wevelinghoven .

literature

  • Franz Hoppe: Chronicle of the parish St. Stephanus Elsen. Grevenbroich 1983.
  • Hans Georg Kirchhoff: Grevenbroich. The city history. From prehistoric times to the French Revolution. With the collaboration of Jost Auler . Edited by the history association for Grevenbroich and the surrounding area e. V. Grevenbroich 2006, DNB 981800858 , pp. 167-176. (Contributions to the history of the city of Grevenbroich 17)
  • Dieter Schlangen: Marggraf's sweet discovery - A contribution to the history of the Rhenish sugar industry. Grevenbroich 2003, DNB 986715255 .
  • Cornelia Schulte: The possession atlas of the Teutonic Order in Elsen. The cartographic recording of the imperial rule Elsen of the Teutonic Order 1759–1761. Grevenbroich 2000.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hans Bahlow German name dictionary: Elsen
  2. For the certificate and naming cf. Hans Georg Kirchhoff 1981 (1995), p. 69.
  3. ^ A b c Arnold, Udo: Teutonic Order Elsen. In: Arnold, Udo and Bott, Gerhard (ed.): 800 years of the German Order . Bertelsmann Lexikon Verlag, Gütersloh / Munich, 1990, p. 201f (volume accompanying the exhibition 800 years of the German Order in the Germanic National Museum in Nuremberg).
  4. ^ NGZ-Online - Rittergut Birkhof , accessed on July 9, 2014
  5. Population figures according to 'data and figures on www.grevenbroich.de ( Memento of the original from July 31, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed May 1, 2014. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.grevenbroich.de
  6. Population figures according to data and figures on grevenbroich.de , accessed on March 24, 2017.
  7. Population figures according to data and figures on grevenbroich.de , accessed on March 4, 2019.
  8. Population figures according to data and figures on grevenbroich.de , accessed on March 4, 2019.
  9. Wiljo Piel: 100 years ago: The plane crashes near Elsen. In: Neuss-Grevenbroicher newspaper. September 7, 2013, p. C2.
  10. Chronicle of the Kirmesgesellschaft ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kirmesinelsen.de
  11. Children and youth website of the Kirmesgesellschaft Elsen-Fürth  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.klompenjugend.de  
  12. Klompenkirmes  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on Grevenbroich TV@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.grevenbroichtv.de