Orange (company)

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Orange SA

logo
legal form Société Anonyme
ISIN FR0000133308
founding 1988
Seat Paris , FranceFranceFrance 
management Stéphane Richard ( Chairman and CEO )
Number of employees 153,000
sales 42 billion euros
Branch telecommunications
Website www.orange.com
Status: July 14, 2020

The Orange SA (formerly France Telecom SA ) is the largest telecommunications company in France. The corporate headquarters are located on rue Olivier de Serres in the 15th arrondissement of Paris .

With 170,531 employees, the company served 230.7 million customers worldwide in 2012 and achieved consolidated sales of 43.515 billion euros.

In the Forbes Global 2000 of the world's largest companies, Orange ranks 192 (as of the 2017 financial year). The company had a market value of around US $ 48 billion in mid-2018.

history

Logo replaced in 2012

Until 1988, the Direction Générale des Télécommunications was part of the French Ministry of Post, since that year the department has been called France Télecom . In 1990 it became a 100% state-owned company, which was converted into a stock corporation in 1997 and floated on the stock exchange. On January 1, 1998, the telecommunications monopoly in France was lifted.

In 2001 and 2002, record losses of 8 and 20.7 billion euros respectively were made. As a result, 21,000 age-related departures of employees were not filled by new hires. On February 14, 2006, however, the company announced that it had 200,000 employees and increased its net profit in 2005 by 89% to 5.7 billion euros. At the same time it was announced that it would only want to fill 6,000 of the expected 23,000 retirees by 2008, after the group had lost around 15,000 customers to low-cost providers every week since the beginning of the year.

At the beginning of June 2008 it was announced that France Télécom was planning to take over TeliaSonera , but the project failed.

After the company had struggled with high losses in recent years and lost many customers to low-cost providers and the France Télécom brand had already been abandoned in February 2012, it was renamed Orange on July 1, 2013, like its subsidiary of the same name .

Today the company is in direct competition with the telecommunications companies SFR , Bouygues Telecom and Iliad .

Shareholders

The shareholders are:

proportion of Shareholders
27.11% French state and FSI
72.89% Free float

As of July 15, 2020

Holdings

Worldwide activities of the France Télécom group

Orange holds numerous investments worldwide, including 100% of the mobile operator Orange SA. France Télécom was also involved in mobilcom until May 2005 . It is the parent company of the computer game publisher GOA , founded in 1997 , which has been selling and supporting Dark Age of Camelot since 2001 and Warhammer Online: Age of Reckoning in Europe since 2008 . France Télécom is also involved in the development of the European search engine Quaero . The international activities are mostly bundled in Orange. The Swiss Orange Communications SA , which was renamed Salt Mobile at the end of April 2015 , no longer belongs to France Télécom since 2012. Also in 2012, the Austrian Orange Austria was sold to Hutchison Drei Austria .

Orange bench

On November 2, 2017, Orange launched Orange Bank in France , thus entering into online banking . Orange is breaking new ground, as it is the first attempt by a telecommunications company in a large economy to establish an independent bank . However, they have entrusted Andre Coisne, a manager with its management, who has already launched the online branches for the ING Groep and Crédit Agricole institutes in France . According to a notification, Wirecard will take over all technical and financial processes in connection with payments that are processed via NFC -compatible mobile phones. This also includes issuing virtual Visa cards.

Suicide investigations

France Télécom hit the headlines in mid-2009 with a series of suicides. 25 France Télécom employees committed suicide within a year and a half. Some of those affected blamed the company for their decision to commit suicide in their farewell letters. Unions, occupational physicians and psychiatrists have been denouncing the “climate of fear and stress” in the company for years. For a long time, the management of France Télécom viewed suicides as a private problem for their employees. In September company boss Didier Lombard spoke lightly of a “suicide fashion” at a press conference. His comment sparked a wave of indignation in the company. With fewer than 14 suicides per 100,000 employees annually, the company is below the national average of 18 per 100,000 inhabitants from 2008. Due to massive criticism, Lombard announced his resignation on February 2, 2010. According to this, his deputy Stéphane Richard should take over the management of the group from March 1, 2010. On March 1, 2011, Lombard took over a position as a consultant at the group, but announced a day later that he was not doing it "in the interests of France-Télécom".

According to critics, while the French state was aware of the drastic effects of corporate policy on the workforce, it did not take any action. Even though the state was represented as a shareholder with three seats on the supervisory board and was thus informed about the events, it did not react until the end of 2009.

In 2012, an investigation was initiated against Lombard and six other France Télécom managers for harcèlement morale (literally “moral harassment”, translated: bullying ). In 2016, the public prosecutor's office called for a process of systematic “moral pressure” on the employees, on the charge of establishing a “policy of destabilization” in the company in order to force employees to resign. According to media reports, there were 35 suicides by employees of the company in 2008 and 2009. The number of suicides is unclear; there is talk of 60 suicides within three years.

In February 2016, two managers' request to exclude them from the investigation due to a lack of hierarchical connection to the employees was denied. In October the Court of Cassation returned the decision to the lower authority, which had to present the suspicions relating to each individual victim. There, the two managers' application was rejected again at the end of November 2017. A total of 39 victims are named in the file. The court in Paris pointed out that although there was no offense of institutionalized or organized bullying in law, the court was referring to a policy of the company that had been deliberately carried out since 2007, which had as its content - without recourse to legal and customary means - to create a fear-inducing working atmosphere and a destabilization of the workforce and thus arouse the desire to leave the company.

The affair is considered to be the first major legal case on institutionalized bullying.

The trial began in May 2019, with the Sud-PTT union as the lead plaintiff and 120 co-plaintiffs. The maximum penalty for the three main defendants was up to one year in prison and a fine of 15,000 euros.

The verdict was pronounced on December 20, 2019: Didier Lombard was sentenced to one year in prison, including four months on probation, and a fine of 15,000 euros; his former deputy Louis-Pierre Wenes and former HR manager Olivier Barberot were each sentenced to four months in prison without parole. The group has to pay a fine of 75,000 euros. The court thus remained under the prosecution's request.

Others

Similar to the VFDB in Germany, France Télécom also has an association of radio amateurs employed there , the Association des Radioamateurs Postiers & Télécommunicants (RADIOAMPT).

Orange was one of the few French sponsors of the 2016 European Football Championship .

In collaboration with Deutsche Telekom, Orange developed the Hello Magenta smart speaker .

Web links

Commons : France Télécom  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ orange.com: Orange at a glance ( Memento of the original from September 29, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed September 29, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.orange.com
  2. ↑ https://www.orange.com/en/Press-Room/press-releases/press-releases-2020/Publication-of-the-2019-Universal-Registration-Document , accessed on July 14, 2020 (PDF)
  3. ^ France Telecom - Orange: 2012 registration document. (PDF; 5.00 MB) Retrieved May 3, 2013 .
  4. ^ The World's Largest Public Companies . In: Forbes . ( forbes.com [accessed July 17, 2018]).
  5. ↑ Manager-Magazin: France Telecom cancels takeover , June 30, 2008.
  6. ↑ heise.de: France Télécom will be called Orange from July
  7. ↑ orange.com: France Telecom to become Orange on July 1, 2013 ( Memento of the original from June 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.orange.com
  8. ↑ Orange: shareholding structure ( Memento of the original from June 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.orange.com
  9. ^ Heise Online: Austria: Mobilfunker 3 buys Orange Austria. February 3, 2012, accessed September 1, 2013 .
  10. ↑ Orange is now also becoming the online bank cash , November 1, 2017, accessed on November 7, 2017.
  11. ↑ Wirecard supplies mobile payment technology for Orange Bank In: www.inside-it.ch, November 7, 2017, accessed on November 7, 2017.
  12. ↑ Suicide series at France Télécom - jumping out of the office window. taz.de , October 19, 2009, accessed on February 20, 2015 .
  13. ↑ More and more tired of life in the land of lust for life. welt.de , May 26, 2008, accessed February 20, 2015 .
  14. ↑ France Télécom - suicide series brings down boss. manager-magazin.de , February 2, 2010, accessed on February 20, 2015 .
  15. ^ Pressure on ex-France-Télécom boss: Lombard goes for good. In: n-tv. March 2, 2011, accessed March 3, 2018 .
  16. ^ A b Sarah Waters: Workplace Suicide and States of Denial: The France Télécom and Foxconn Cases Compared. In: tripleC 15 (1): 191-213, triple-c.at. March 20, 2017, accessed March 3, 2018 .
  17. ^ Clotilde de Gastines: Suicides à France Telecom: pourquoi la prévention n'a pas fonctionné. In: Alternatives Économiques. October 24, 2016, accessed on March 3, 2018 (French): "" Sans la médiatisation, ça aurait pu durer encore longtemps. L'Etat s'est réveillé fin 2009, mais, en tant qu'actionnaire majoritaire, il savait ce qui se tramait “, soutient Laurent Riche, de la CFDT. Thierry Franchi, de la CGT, va plus loin: “L'Etat a soutenu la politique de la direction jusqu'aux suicides. Ses trois représentants au conseil d'administration n'ont jamais critiqué la politique de l'entreprise, contrairement aux administrateurs élus par les salariés. ""
  18. ^ A b Trial against France Télécom for suicides. In: FAZ. July 7, 2016, accessed March 3, 2018 .
  19. ^ France Telecom suicides: Prosecutor calls for bullying trial. BBC News, July 7, 2016, accessed March 3, 2018 .
  20. ^ Suicides à France Télécom: la perspective d'un renvoi en procès retardée. In: Le Monde. October 11, 2016, accessed March 3, 2018 .
  21. ^ Suicides à France Telecom: two ex-cadres déboutés. In: La Tribune. November 24, 2017, accessed March 3, 2018 (French).
  22. ^ Suicides à France Telecom: two ex-cadres qui contestaient leurs liens avec des victimes déboutés. Le Figaro, November 23, 2017, accessed on March 3, 2018 (French).
  23. ^ Suicides à France Telecom: two ex-cadres déboutés. In: La Tribune. November 24, 2017, accessed on March 3, 2018 (French): “Dans ses réquisitions, le parquet de Paris rappelle que“ le harcèlement moral 'institutionnel ou organizationnel' n'existe pas en droit ”mais il vise une politique d'entreprise délibérée, mise en place à partir de 2007, pour "créer un climat anxiogène et la déstabilisation des personnels dans le but de thunder envie de partir" sans recourir aux méthodes légales et habituelles. "
  24. ^ Suicides à France Telecom: two ex-cadres déboutés. In: La Tribune. November 24, 2017, accessed on March 3, 2018 (French): "[...] cette affaire considérée comme le premier grand dossier judiciaire de harcèlement moral institutionnalisé [...]"
  25. ↑ Nina Belz: A wave of suicide brings Orange to court in France. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung. May 6, 2019, accessed May 10, 2019 .
  26. ^ After a series of suicides in France: imprisonment for ex-Telecom managers. In: tagesschau.de. December 20, 2019, accessed December 20, 2019 .
  27. ↑ Former French telecom managers after 35 suicides in court. In: welt.de. June 5, 2019, accessed December 20, 2019 .