Friedrich Griese (writer)

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Friedrich Griese (born October 2, 1890 in Lehsten , † June 1, 1975 in Lübeck ) was a German writer . In the first half of the 20th century he was at times considered the most important author of Mecklenburg native literature .

Under National Socialism he was highly honored as a blood-and-soil poet. He is also rated as such by the history of literature today.

Life

Origin, youth

Friedrich Griese was born as the son of a farmer and later day laborer in Lehsten ( Waren / Mecklenburg district). After failing the entrance exam twice, he attended the teachers' seminars in Neukloster and Lübenheen and from 1913 worked as a primary school teacher in Stralendorf near Parchim . In the First World War Griese volunteered as a soldier. After being wounded almost deaf, he was discharged from military service in 1916 and worked again as a teacher in Stralendorf until 1926.

Weimar Republic

From autumn 1926 to spring 1931 Griese was a teacher at a boys' elementary school in Kiel . To promote his poetic activity, Griese was appointed rector in 1931 and was given leave of absence from school service with full pay. He published his first book in 1921 ( fire ).

(1932)

He was influenced by Scandinavian (contemporary völkisch : "Nordic") authors such as Knut Hamsun , Selma Lagerlöf and Jens Peter Jacobsen and - according to his own statement - by The foundations of the 19th century by the German-English leading racist ideologist Houston Stewart Chamberlain . In his first novel, Feuer (1921), he dealt with the subject of " war returnees " with an autobiographical element . Griese's main literary theme can already be found here, the mystification of rural life and the transfiguration of an agrarian, pre-industrial Mecklenburg world. Further novels such as "Ur" (1922), "Das Korn rausch" (1923) and "Alte Glocken" (1925) as well as plays followed. His first great success in a novel was Winter (1927), for which he received two awards and which was reprinted several times after 1945. The book describes the downfall of a Mecklenburg village that only a young couple escapes. A contemporary reviewer attested the novel and its author “closer to the earth than any other German poet”. The drama Mensch, aus Erde was premiered in November 1932 at the Landestheater Stuttgart ; in the 1933/34 season it had a spectacular performance at the Staatliches Schauspielhaus Berlin . From 1921 to 1933 Griese published fifteen books. With his literature, Griese saw himself in a “struggle between the German world and the foreign, especially the Eastern” (1932), for which “Eastern Jews” typically stood in the imagination of the Weimar Völkisch movement .

National Socialism

(1935)

Griese's period of success as an author began with the transfer of power to the National Socialists and their allies. "After 1933" it was "officially recommended". The "unity between blood and soil" propagated by him as the national basis of life made him an important representative of Nazi literature. In 1933 he signed with further 87 German writers on the Hitler directed Gelöbnis treuester Gefolgschaft . After the poetry section of the Prussian Academy of Arts was transformed into the "cleaned up" German Academy of Poetry , Griese was appointed as a new member of the Academy in May 1933. There he headed the committee for questions relating to schools and universities.

As a result, according to the literary scholar Karl Otto Conrady , he received and accepted more prizes than any other writer in the Third Reich. For 1937 and 1939, Gries's contributions at conferences of the NS “Office for Literature Maintenance” in the Rosenberg office are documented. The Nazi Party , he joined the 1941st

When he was to receive the Lessing Prize together with Konrad Beste in 1934 , the judges justified their decision by stating that he placed the "double figure of German fate, the fate of 'blood and soil' and the fate of 'war'" on the same level, both ideologically and artistically above the average of general homeland or war writing ”. He is honored as a poet“ who creates from blood and soil ”. Griese is "leading the way". Among the newest Mecklenburg authors - for example in 1938 - he was the one who most powerfully shaped "the original characteristic of the farmer", namely his "sedentariness and greatest love for plaice". Everywhere the reader comes across the Mecklenburg farmer “in his love for land”. Perhaps he is "the most important contemporary German peasant poet" (1939).

In 1935 it was included in the revised edition of the " German Guide Lexicon ".

Griese returned to Mecklenburg in 1935. The Reichsstatthalter and later Gauleiter Friedrich Hildebrandt arranged for the Mecklenburg state government to give him the Markow water mill near Parchim.

The number of copies of his books rose to several hundred thousand in the 1930s, of which special editions for the Wehrmacht played a large part. In the essay Our work is faith , he did not express himself narrative, but ideologically in the sense of the national community propaganda. He differentiated between “valuable peoples” and “valuable people” and those of other categories, saw “foreign and almost deadly poisons” at work during the defeat of the war and the revolution of 1918, which would have “worn down” the German national body. The Weimar Republic almost led to the impending "end of the people". Fortunately, someone “attacked” at the crucial point, namely so that “all the helpers became united in the will to advance the individual, the people and humanity.” This one had achieved the gathering of all forces against the exploitative enemies. This is how this leader, who is not named by name, is “immersed in the bloodstream of the past”. For the fact that with the downfall of Weimar in the "German youth" the strong sense of lively discipline and order could have been awakened again, "the tightly shouldered spade" of the Reich Labor Service is "the obvious evidence of our time". Now is "freedom again freedom", loyalty and honor are again high goods, duty and responsibility restored in the community of the people: "The people grew". Scripture Our work is faith appeared in the "Series of the NSDAP". This was training material published by the NSDAP in the millions. In addition, Griese made clear propaganda articles for daily newspapers. In 1936/37 Griese was the editor of the Mecklenburg monthly magazine . The leading Nazi literary magazine Die Neue Literatur , published by Will Vesper , praised him in 1938 as a “poet of eternal peasantry, Nordic sense of fate and Nordic design”.

As far as literary production is concerned, the historical story Die Wagenburg (1935) and the "novel of a strong sex" The White Heads (1939) were the most successful. The central organ of the National Socialist Teachers' Association, Der Deutsche Erzieher , saw in Die Wagenburg , Die Weißköpfe and The last face a "breakthrough to ideological and formal Germanic continuity". With this, Griese indicates "the direction" for the development of the German novel. It put him next to Ludwig Tügel .

In 1940, on his 50th birthday , Adolf Hitler awarded him the Goethe Medal for Art and Science , the second highest award given to artists under National Socialism. Rosenberg formulated a laudation in which it was said, among other things, that Griese's writings heralded “the immortality of the mythical forces of the earth and blood”. His "poetic power" - according to a judgment related to the Mecklenburg region - nourishes itself "from its deep roots in its homeland" (1941).

Since the beginning of the war, Griese has been one of the “artists on duty” that the regime regards as reliable propagandists. At the same time he was released from military service. He was one of the ten of around 4,000 full-time writers with this privilege and at the same time one of those exempt from labor.

Griese was a regular participant in the Low German Poets' Day, which had been held in Bad Doberan since 1936 on the initiative of Gauleiter Hildebrandt . In 1939 he received the Mecklenburg Literature Prize, which was awarded for the first time . The ancestral hall of the Möckelhaus City Museum received a wall decor with the Griese slogan. The “Doberaner Dichtertag”, which was celebrated as the high point of Low German cultural life at the time, appears to be a “Nazi spectacle” from a post-National Socialist perspective, as it is propagandistic through and through.

According to Jutta Ditfurth , Friedrich Griese had a “passionate affair” for several months in 1936/1937 with Ingeborg Meinhof , the daughter of his friend Johannes Guthardt and the mother of Ulrike Meinhof . He addressed this episode in his novel Trees in the Wind (1937).

After the end of National Socialism

In the summer of 1945 Griese was arrested after Adolf Lentze , the head of the cultural office in Parchim, accused the author of having been a “beneficiary of the Nazi system”.

As a member of the political resistance, Lentze had spent more than eleven years in various detention facilities of the regime, eight of them in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp , and firmly rejected Nazi writers. Griese's library had Lentze loaded garbage with pitchforks onto carts to destroy them.

Griese was interned in Alt-Strelitz and in the Fünfeichen camp in Neubrandenburg . In early May 1946 the Soviet military authorities released him. The Kulturbund - according to the head of the Department of Culture and National Education and Vice President of Mecklenburg, Gottfried Grünberg - should look after him in the future. In view of the given conditions , Johannes R. Becher and Willi Bredel did not share Grünberg's fear that “various circles” were about to rehabilitate the writer . They endeavored to win Griese for the new conditions within the framework of communist-socialist alliance policy, so they advocated his protection and had contact with him. Griese's attitude had raised alliance-political expectations. He had welcomed the land reform of 1946 in the journal Democratic Renewal and was ready to work with Bredel. In the end, however, the efforts of Bredel and Becher were not successful. Griese left the SBZ in the summer of 1947, moved to West Germany and there to Herrnburg near Lübeck.

At this time he was subject to a "total ban" in the US zone by the local military administration. In the Soviet occupation zone as well as later in the GDR , however, his writings were largely tolerated if, with one exception - the story Das Kind des Torfmachers from 1937, reissued in 1955 - they did not appear again. Only Our Work Is Faith was added to the Retired Literature List in 1949 .

The accusations after 1945 also included the fact that the Markower mill, which was obtained from the state of Mecklenburg on the initiative of the Gauleiter , had been illegally expropriated by the Nazi authorities in an Aryanization act, which Griese had known. The claim is considered unresolved. In any case, the mill was now withdrawn from him and handed over to the FDGB , which set up a children's sanatorium there. The property was transferred back to Griese in 1954 and its expropriation in 1945 corrected as "taken under the wrong conditions".

Griese accepted his imprisonment as a punishment for the crimes committed by Germans, of which he was also complicit because, as he stated, he had remained silent. “At that time I left it at that, it wasn't me who was affected by it. ... Accordingly, the repetition of the teaching is rightly granted to me. "

Griese switched to avoiding blood-and-soil content. His old and new books continued to appear in numerous editions and book club editions from 1947/48 . Two dissertations dealt with the writer, but today it is said that they are uncritical studies of style. Until the end of the 1960s, Griese could be found in German school books . The fact that Griese was “one of the simplest minds among the Nazi writers” has now given him an advantage, says literary scholar Stefan Busch, because Griese's lack of analytical competence has now been reinterpreted as a higher moral quality to his advantage. In 1960 he became the founding president of the Fritz Reuter Gesellschaft e. V. determined. When, with the cultural change at the end of the 1960s, decidedly National Socialist, ethnic and national-conservative authors disappeared from the reading books and product ranges (apart from the politically relevant mail order business), Griese also disappeared. His last two books 1970 ( Life in this time 1890–1968 ) and 1974 ( Your good years ) were only published in small editions.

Griese's work comprises over 50 titles, 14 novels, ten volumes of stories and seven separately published stories, six dramas, four autographs, four books about Mecklenburg and two biographies - in addition to speeches, essays, radio plays, fairy tales and some poems. Books by him have been translated into several European languages.

Reception after 1945

In May 1947, the Mecklenburg People's Education Ministry certified Griese that he was "recognized as a well-known freelance writer". He received further public accolades after his escape in West Germany. The " Landsmannschaft Mecklenburg " played a special role as an organization for refugees from the East and those expelled from Mecklenburg . In 1964, on the occasion of the award of the Mecklenburg Culture Prize of the Landsmannschaft to Griese, there was a public debate about his activities under National Socialism. The literary scholar Karl Otto Conrady criticized the award. Conrady stated: “One should certainly not prematurely label the peasant poet Friedrich Griese as a prophet of National Socialist racial madness. But it should not be overlooked that he was willing enough to be the poet of the blood and soil myth. ”In a reply, Griese referred to the prominent conservative intellectuals Eduard Spranger and Rudolf Pechel as his supporters during the internment. On the subject of “blood and soil” he explained that he had only ever dealt with the “togetherness between the soil and all that is living and human”. Conrady does not mention that he has included "the dumb creature, the animal, and everything living in general". Regardless of this, Griese has long been rated in literary studies (as was previously the case with Nazi literary politics) as an exemplary representative of the German racist topos “blood and soil”.

Since the 1970s, German and non-German literary studies have emphasized Griese's close ties to National Socialism: his “blood and soil ideology” made Griese's “life's work uniform, but also monotonous” (1972), “recommended as exemplary by National Socialist cultural policy and promoted "(1974)," National Socialist Writer "(1976), one of the literary" Nazi dignitaries "(1976)," Express approval of the racial ideology of Hitler and Himmler "(1977)," Unconcealed Nazi followers "(1980), “Social Darwinist idea of ​​the selection of the strongest”, First World War for Griese a “racial-folk purification process”, one of the “vocal fascists” like Blunck , Johst or Kolbenheyer , “fascist classic” (1981), “blood and soil myth "And" political-activist penetrance "as in Ina Seidel (zu Grieses Weißköpfe , 1983)," Blood and soil program within the National Socialist writing ums ”(1984). The rural world designed by Griese contains "unmistakably reactionary traits, there are also fascist ideologems such as xenophobia, irrationalism and anti-modernism". This did not only apply to National Socialism, but since the 1920s (1998). Griese is "... one of the most important representatives of National Socialist literature ...", "against rationalism and enlightenment" and represents the "unity of blood and soil" (1999, 2006), the successful piece "man made from earth" (see above) "Dull blood and soil piece" (2000). It has become the most cited example of a blood-and-soil drama at all (2000).

Similar evaluations as in literary studies can also be found (insofar as Griese is mentioned there) in contemporary historiography: He is a representative of "National Socialist literature" like Blunck, Johst or Kolbenheyer (1988), or - in a dossier of the Federal Agency for Civic Education on the subject National Socialism - a "NS representative" like Blunck, Johst or Kolbenheyer (2008). According to different authors on a regionally oriented publication, Griese stands for a “bestselling author of blood-and-soil novels”, “mythical blood and soil novels”, “blood and soil ideology” ( 2010).

In 1975, however, the obituary by Marcel Reich-Ranicki gave a milder verdict : Griese was “not a prophet of National Socialism, but his willing tool”. Whatever the objection to his writings, they would also have advantages, namely "atmospheric density, ... intense moods and a simple and very clear language".

Today Griese's books are largely forgotten and only available in antiquarian versions. An exception is a collection of village stories Das Korn rausch , which was reissued in 2003. In 1995 Ulrike Haß pointed out that Griese, like Will Vesper, Hermann Stehr or Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer, represented the “lower division”, was the “low brow” of the cultural business ”, and Stefan Busch remarked in 1998 that the question of whether Griese's writings“ only have one Sentence worth ”could meanwhile be“ clearly denied ”. It is a thing of the past in every respect. In the descriptions of the history of German literature, it falls into the section “Nazi literature”, insofar as it is still listed.

In his home town of Lehsten, on the other hand, there was a renewed turn to the “homeland poet” after reunification, which was also supported by the region. There has been a Friedrich-Griese-Kreis in the Lehstener Büdnerei-Verein since 2000, which tries to popularize Friedrich Griese again with regular literary days and other activities. At Griese's place of residence Parchim, Wolfgang Kaelcke (former head of the city museum) began in 1982 to put together a collection of Griese's publications and letters. He organized “Friedrich Griese Days” to commemorate Griese's writings.

This Mecklenburg circle of Griese recipients is endeavoring to revise the Griese image fundamentally. Griese, it is claimed, in contradiction to everything that had been heard from literary scholars about him since the 1960s, but in line with voices between 1933 and 1945 he is considered "the most important writer in Mecklenburg in the first half of the 20th century", even if an overvaluation as in National Socialism is prohibited. It should be read again and re-evaluated again. The categorization of Griese as a blood-and-soil poet, both by National Socialist authorities and by the mainstream of post-National Socialist literary experts at home and abroad, is viewed as incorrect here. The blood and soil accusation is a "cliché" that prevents differentiation and objective judgment. The state commissioner for Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania for the documents of the state security service of the former GDR and the Federal Foundation for Work-Up supported the Fünfeichen working group in 2012 with the publication of an anthology about Griese's internment.

Grave (2014)

The Erlangen theologian Karlmann Beyschlag (1923–2011) accompanied Griese in his last years and also gave the funeral oration in the cemetery at Ratzeburg Cathedral .

The grave, which has since been abandoned, was restored in 2010 on the initiative of the Fritz Reuter Society and with financial support from the private Jost Reinhold Foundation .

estate

Friedrich Griese's estate (letters, manuscripts, personal documents) is in the German Literature Archive in Marbach and in the Fritz Reuter Literature Archive Hans-Joachim Griephan in Berlin.

Awards

In Groß Grönau near Lübeck a street is named after Griese. After the fall of the Wall, a street was given in Lehsten, his birthplace, and the former FDGB children's sanatorium Markower Mühle in Parchim (1990) until it was closed in 2012.

Fonts (selection)

  • Fire , 1921
  • Ur , 1922
  • The grain rushes , 1923; NA: Verlag für Collectors, Graz 2003, ISBN 3-85365-195-X .
  • Old bells , 1925
  • The last sheaf , 1927
  • Winter , 1927
  • The escape , 1928
  • His mother's son , 1929
  • Valley of the Poor , 1929
  • The Eternal Field , 1930
  • The Duke , 1931
  • The Girls ' Village , 1932
  • Man made of earth , 1932
  • The seed course , 1932
  • The last face , 1934
  • My life , 1934
  • The wagon castle , 1935
  • The Princess von Grabow , 1936
  • Trees in the Wind , 1937
  • The Peat Maker's Child , 1937
  • Wind in the Luch , 1937
  • In the Beektal e sings , 1938
  • Fritz Reuter , 1938
  • The White Heads , 1939
  • Johannes Gillhoff . A picture of life , 1940
  • Our work is faith . Rather , Munich 1940 (NSDAP series 3)
  • The Villages of Youth , 1947
  • The Great Birds Migration , 1951
  • The wind doesn't blow where it wants , 1960
  • The Face Never Forgotten , 1962
  • As long as the earth stands , 1965
  • Life during this time, 1890–1968 , Wolff, Flensburg 1970, DNB 456804439 .
  • Your good years, reports and reflections , Langen-Müller, Munich / Vienna 1974, ISBN 3-7844-1541-5 .

radio play

Remarks

  1. ↑ Gerd Simon , "Art, Auslese, Ausmerze ..." etc. A previously unknown dictionary company from the SS main office in the context of the Weltanschauungslexika of the 3rd Reich (publications of the Society for Interdisciplinary Research, Vol. 1), Tübingen 2000, p 26, see: [1] .
  2. ↑ See: Personal article Friedrich Griese in: Kulturportal Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , Friedrich Griese ( Memento from September 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).
  3. ↑ a b c Hans Sarkowicz, Friedrich Griese, in: Killy - Literaturlexikon, Vol. 4, Berlin 2009, pp. 411–412.
  4. ↑ According to: Stefan Busch, “And yesterday, there heard us Germany”, Würzburg 1998, p. 36.
  5. ↑ Joachim Puttkammer, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. 100 famous heads, Erfurt 2011, p. 106.
  6. ↑ Erwin Breßlein: Völkisch-Faschistoides and National Socialist Drama: Continuities and Differences . Frankfurt / Main: Haag + Herchen 1980, p. 269. Zugl .: Cologne, Univ., Diss., 1978
  7. ↑ Quoted from: Hans Sarkowicz, Friedrich Griese, in: Killy - Literaturlexikon, Vol. 4, Berlin 2009, pp. 411–412.
  8. ↑ Stefan Busch, “And yesterday, Germany heard us”, p. 37.
  9. ↑ Griese: My life. From the power of the landscape , Berlin 1934, p. 64.
  10. ^ Joseph Wulf: Literature and Poetry in the Third Reich Reinbek 1966, p. 112.
  11. ^ Ernst Klee : The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, ISBN 978-3-10-039326-5 , p. 179.
  12. ^ Hans Sarkowicz / Alf Mentzer: Literature in Nazi Germany. A biographical lexicon, adult new edition, Hamburg / Vienna 2002, p. 192.
  13. ^ Karl Otto Conrady: A dispute about an award ceremony to Friedrich Griese: are we that far again? In: ders .: Literature and German studies as a challenge. Sketches and statements , Frankfurt am Main 1974, pp. 215–226, here: pp. 217f.
  14. ↑ Regional Personal Lexicon on National Socialism, article Friedrich Griese .
  15. ↑ Hanna Leitgeb, The Excellent Author. Municipal literary prizes and cultural policy in Germany 1926–1971, Berlin et al. 1994, p. 125; see. also: Hellmuth Langenbucher : Poet in the Third Reich - Friedrich Griese . In: Neues Volk , May 1936, p. 27, based on: Joseph Wulf : Literature and Poetry in the Third Reich , Reinbek 1966, p. 353.
  16. ^ Fritz Krüger, The Farmer in the Mecklenburg Epic, Rostock 1938, p. 25.
  17. ^ Albert Meerkatz, Explanations on Friedrich Griese: The Last Face, Leipzig 1939, p. 55.
  18. ↑ a b c Ernst Klee: The culture lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 179.
  19. ↑ Stefan Busch, “And yesterday, Germany heard us”, Würzburg 1998, p. 37.
  20. ↑ Friedrich Griese, Our work is faith (series of publications of the NSDAP. Volkheit und Glaube, Vol. 2), Berlin 1940.
  21. ↑ These and the following quotations and paraphrases see: Friedrich Griese, Our work is faith (series of publications of the NSDAP. Volkheit und Glaube, vol. 2), Berlin 1940, pp. 10, 12, 22f., 24ff., 70.
  22. ^ Hans Norbert Fügen, ways of literary sociology, Neuwied 1968, p. 328; National Socialist monthly books, vol. 14, 1943, p. 314.
  23. ↑ Friedrich Griese: Put the light higher. In: Rostocker Anzeiger from December 31, 1941, quoted in in: Ernst Münch: Of peasant dukes, village princes, noblemen's throats, little lords and noble farmers. The contradicting image of the Mecklenburg nobility in the work of Friedrich Griese. In: Wolf Karge (Ed.): Aristocracy in Mecklenburg. Publication series of the Mecklenburg Foundation, Scientific Contributions 3, Rostock, Hinstorff 2013, p. 146ff.
  24. ↑ Eduard Zarncke, Will Vesper (ed.), Die Neue Literatur, Volume 39, year 1938, p. 78.
  25. ↑ The German educator. Reichszeitung des National Socialist Lehrerbund, Issue 1, 1942, p. 167.
  26. ↑ a b Gerd Simon, "Art, Auslese, Ausmerze ..." etc. A previously unknown dictionary company from the SS main office in the context of the Weltanschauungslexika of the 3rd Reich (publications of the Society for Interdisciplinary Research, Vol. 1), Tübingen 2000 , P. 27, see: [2] .
  27. ↑ Reinhard Rösler: authors, debates, institutions: literary life in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1945 to 1952 , Hamburg 2003, p. 31.
  28. ↑ Kurt Gerlach, The Seal of the German East. Outline of an East Elbe literary history, Berlin 1941, p. 263.
  29. ↑ Annette Gümbel, “People without Space”. The writer Hans Grimm between national-conservative thinking and ethnic ideology, Darmstadt 2003, p. 179.
  30. ↑ Ine Can Linthout, The Book in the Nazi propaganda policy, Berlin / Boston 2012, pp 240th
  31. ↑ Sebastian Heissel, History of Bad Doberan-Heiligendamm in three volumes, Volume 1, Rostock 1939, pp. 226, 287.
  32. ^ Hermann Langer, Life under the Swastika: Everyday Life in Mecklenburg 1932–1945, Bremen 1996, p. 119.
  33. ↑ Jutta Ditfurth: Ulrike Meinhof. The biography. Ullstein, Berlin 2007.
  34. ↑ Stefan Busch: “And yesterday, Germany heard us” , Würzburg 1998, p. 45.
  35. ↑ Reinhard Rösler: authors, debates, institutions: literary life in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1945 to 1952 , Hamburg 2003, p. 194; Stefan Busch: “And yesterday, Germany heard us” , Würzburg 1998, p. 45.
  36. ↑ See e.g. B .: Reinhard Rösler: authors, debates, institutions: literary life in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1945 to 1952 , Hamburg 2003, p. 32; Stefan Busch: “And yesterday, Germany heard us” , Würzburg 1998, p. 40; Hans Sarkowicz, Friedrich Griese, in: Killy - Literaturlexikon, Vol. 4, Berlin 2009, pp. 411–412, here: p. 411.
  37. ↑ Reinhard Rösler: Authors, debates, institutions: literary life in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1945 to 1952 , Hamburg 2003, p. 33.
  38. ↑ Reinhard Rösler: Authors, debates, institutions: literary life in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1945 to 1952 , Hamburg 2003, p. 31ff.
  39. ↑ Stefan Busch: “And yesterday, Germany heard us” , Würzburg 1998, pp. 35, 38.
  40. ^ According to a publication for the Bavarian State Center for Political Education: Jürgen Weber, Der Bauplan für die Republik. The year 1948 in German post-war history, Munich 1996, p. 335.
  41. ^ Ministry of National Education of the German Democratic Republic, list of literature to be sorted out, 3rd supplement, Berlin 1953, see: [3] .
  42. ↑ a b Stefan Busch, “And yesterday, Germany heard us”, Würzburg 1998, p. 43.
  43. ↑ Quoted from: Friedrich Griese: The wind does not blow where it wants to . Düsseldorf / Cologne 1960, pp. 95, 75.
  44. ↑ See: Torben Fischer, Matthias N. Lorenz (ed.), Lexicon of “Coping with the Past” in Germany, Bielefeld 2007, p. 109.
  45. ↑ Quoted from: Stefan Busch, “And yesterday, there heard us Germany”, Würzburg 1998, p. 13.
  46. ↑ Stefan Busch, “And yesterday, Germany heard us”, Würzburg 1998, p. 21.
  47. ^ Reinhard Rösler: Authors, Debates, Institutions: Literary Life in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1945 to 1952 , Hamburg 2003, pp. 40–41
  48. ↑ Stefan Busch, “And yesterday, Germany heard us”, Würzburg 1998, p. 30.
  49. ↑ Karl Otto Conrady: We are not yet further. In: Die Zeit , July 24, 1964.
  50. ↑ Friedrich Griese: The blood and the soil. In: Die Zeit , July 24, 1964; Karl Otto Conrady: We're not there yet. In: Die Zeit , July 24, 1964.
  51. ↑ The blood and the soil. An answer from Friedrich Griese, in: Die Zeit, July 24, 1964.
  52. ↑ See e.g. E.g. John London (Ed.), Theater Under the Nazis, Manchester 2000, p. 23; Hanna Leitgeb, The Excellent Author. Municipal literary prizes and cultural policy in Germany 1926–1971, Berlin et al. 1994, p. 125; Frits Boterman , Marianne Vogel (Red.): Nederland en Duitsland in het interbellum. Wisselwerking en contact. Lost, Hilversum 2003, ISBN 90-6550-763-9 , p. 168.
  53. ↑ Anselm Salzer / Eduard von Tunk, History of German Literature, Vol. III, Zurich et al. 1972, p. 314.
  54. ^ Walter Schiffels , forms of historical narration in the twenties, in: Wolfgang Rothe (ed.), Die deutsche Literatur in der Weimarer Republik, Stuttgart 1974, pp. 195–211, here: p. 204.
  55. ↑ Klaus Vondung , The literary National Socialism, in: Horst Denkler / Karl Prümm (Hrsg.), German literature in the Third Reich. Topics - Traditions - Effects, Stuttgart 1976, pp. 44–65, here: pp. 53, 63.
  56. ↑ Horst Denkler, On the ideological physiognomy of the magazine "Das Innere Reich", in: Horst Denkler / Karl Prümm (ed.), The German Literature in the Third Reich. Topics - Traditions - Effects, Stuttgart 1976, pp. 382–405, here: p. 398.
  57. ↑ Ernst Alker , Profile and Design of German Literature after 1914, Stuttgart 1977, p. 846.
  58. ^ Heinrich Vormweg , Prose in the Federal Republic since 1945, in: Dieter Lattmann (Ed.), Kindlers Literaturgeschichte der Gegenwart, Munich 1980, pp. 169–420, here: p. 231.
  59. ↑ Jan Berg / Hartmut Böhme / Heinz-Bernd Heller et al., Social history of German literature from 1918 to the present, Frankfurt a. M. 1981, pp. 367, 376, 413.
  60. ^ Joseph Strelka, The novel between 1930 and 1945, in: Helmut Koopmann (ed.), Handbuch des Deutschen Romans, Düsseldorf 1983, pp. 510-539, here: p. 516.
  61. ↑ Manfred Brauneck (Ed.), Author's Lexicon of German-Language Literature of the 20th Century, Reinbek 1984, p. 210.
  62. ↑ Stefan Busch: “And yesterday, Germany heard us” , Würzburg 1998, pp. 40, 55.
  63. ↑ Hans Sarkowicz , Friedrich Griese, in: Walther Killy (Ed.), Deutsche biographische Enzyklopädie, Gies - Hessel, Vol. 4, Munich 1999, p. 139; “Against Rationalism and Enlightenment” (2006); Hans Sarkowicz, Friedrich Griese, in: Rudolf Vierhaus (Ed.), Deutsche biographische Enzyklopädie, Görres - Hittorp, Munich 2006, p. 139.
  64. ↑ Thomas Eicher, Barbara Panse, Henning Rischbieter, Theater in the "Third Reich". Theater politics, schedule structure, Nazi drama ed. by Henning Rischbieter , Seelze-Velber 2000.
  65. ↑ John London (Ed.), Theater Under the Nazis, Manchester 2000, p. 23.
  66. ↑ Jens Petersen, The German-Italian cultural agreement of November 23, 1938, Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 36 (1988), no. 1, pp. 41-77, here: p. 70, see: [4] .
  67. ↑ JW Aust / Thomas Aust, literature and press, in: Federal Center for Political Education (ed.), Dossier National Socialism and Second World War, from March 17, 2008, see: [5]
  68. ^ Norbert Götz / Jan Hecker-Stampehl / Stephan Michael Schröder (eds.), Political Culture in the Baltic Sea Region. Festschrift for Bernd Henningsen, Berlin 2010, 287, 289, 297.
  69. ↑ Marcel Reich-Ranicki: Friedrich Griese died , obituary in FAZ , June 3, 1975, p. 21, quoted. According to Stefan Busch: “And yesterday, Germany heard us” , Würzburg 1998, p. 41.
  70. ↑ Marcel Reich-Ranicki: Friedrich Griese died, in: FAZ, June 3, 1975, p. 21, quoted. based on: Stefan Busch: “And yesterday, Germany heard us”, Würzburg 1998, p. 70.
  71. ↑ Ulrike Haß, From the "uprising of the landscape against Berlin", in: Bernhard Weyergraf (Ed.), Literature of the Weimar Republic, Munich / Vienna 1995, pp. 340-370.
  72. ↑ Stefan Busch, “And yesterday, Germany heard us”, Würzburg 1998, p. 36f.
  73. ↑ See the individual references above.
  74. ↑ See literature list.
  75. ↑ in: sv, An obituary: Griese-Kreis honors initiator. In: Nordkurier, April 9, 2013.
  76. ↑ Wolfgang Gabler: From the change of the literary society: to the history of the literature center Neubrandenburg 1971-2006. Edition M, 2007, p. 178
  77. ^ Christiane Großmann: The voice of Mecklenburg. In: Schweriner Volkszeitung , March 17, 2010.
  78. ↑ See above, e.g. B .: Fritz Krüger, The farmer in the Mecklenburg epic, Rostock 1938, p. 25; Albert Meerkatz, Explanations on Friedrich Griese: The Last Face, Leipzig 1939, p. 55.
  79. ↑ See: Approaching Friedrich Griese. Life and work. Contributions to the 1st Lehsten Literature Day on April 15, 2000, Neubrandenburg 2000, cited above. based on: Friedrich Griese ( memento from September 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).
  80. ↑ So z. B. the early modern historian Ernst Münch: Of peasant dukes, village princes, noblemen's throats, little lords and noble farmers. The contradicting image of the Mecklenburg nobility in the work of Friedrich Griese. In: Wolf Karge (Ed.): Aristocracy in Mecklenburg. Publication series of the Mecklenburg Foundation, Scientific Contributions 3, Rostock, Hinstorff, 2013, p. 146ff.
  81. ↑ Leonore Krenzlin : The thing with the soil and the blood. The narrator's dilemma, Friedrich Griese . In: Mythical Mecklenburg. Early texts by Friedrich Griese . Neubrandenburg 2004, p. 80.
  82. ↑ Leonore Krenzlin: The thing with the soil and the blood. The narrator's dilemma, Friedrich Griese . In: Mythical Mecklenburg. Early texts by Friedrich Griese . Neubrandenburg 2004, p. 79.
  83. ^ Fünfeichen working group: Friedrich Griese and his time in the Fünfeichen camp. Edition Federchen published by Steffen Verlag, Berlin, 2012
  84. ↑ Publications sponsored and edited by the Federal Foundation for Work-Up . Status: September 2013 ; The State Commissioner for Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania for the documents of the State Security Service of the former GDR: Funded Projects - Research Applications 2012 .
  85. ^ Karlmann Beyschlag: About: "Your good years". Reports and reflections by Friedrich Griese. In: Carolinum. Historical-literary magazine vol. 40.1974, no. 68/69. Pp. 70-73.
  86. ^ Karlmann Beyschlag: funeral speech for Friedrich Griese. In: The car . Lübeck, 1976, pp. 5-7.

literature

  • Friedrich Griese and his time in the Fünfeichen camp. Ed .: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Fünfeichen. Edition Federchen published by Steffen Verlag, Berlin 2012
  • Mecklenburg and its history. Contributions to the work of Friedrich Griese. Ed .: Association for the promotion of culture, art and education in the countryside Büdnerei Lehsten e. V. and the Literaturzentrum Neubrandenburg eV Neubrandenburg 2007
  • Erika Becker, Karin Packhäuser (Ed.): Approaching Friedrich Griese. Life and work. Federchen Verlag, Neubrandenburg 2000. ISBN 3-910170-45-5 .
  • Erika Becker, Karin Packhäuser (ed.): The early work of Friedrich Grieses. (Federlese. Contributions to the 2nd Lehsten Literature Day 2001), Federchen Verlag, Neubrandenburg 2002. ISBN 3-910170-54-4
  • Stefan Busch: “And yesterday, Germany heard us”. Nazi authors in the Federal Republic. Continuity and discontinuity with Friedrich Griese, Werner Beumelburg , Eberhard Wolfgang Möller and Kurt Ziesel . (= Studies on literary and cultural history , Volume 13). Königshausen and Neumann, Würzburg 1998. ISBN 3-8260-1395-6 (dissertation University Mainz 1997).
  • Karl Otto Conrady: A dispute about an award to Friedrich Griese. Are we that time again? In: the same: literature and German studies as a challenge. Sketches and opinions . Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt am Main 1974. ISBN 3-518-06714-1 , pp. 215-226
  • Wolfgang Kaelcke: Parchim personalities. Part 2. Parchim 1997 (= series of publications of the Parchim City Museum, issue 5)
  • Kurt Melcher: Friedrich Griese. Junker & Dünnhaupt, Berlin 1936. (Modern German literary history 7) (also Diss. Jena)
  • Ernst Ottwalt : Friedrich Griese from Moscow's perspective. A German communist on the National Socialist response to the “village of girls” / A book against all fascist theses. "The Friedrich Griese Case" Excerpt from the essay "Dangerous Historiography" by Ernst Ottwalt (1935). In: Mein Mecklenburg - The magazine for Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . No. 1 (2015), pp. 10-11
  • Reinhard Rösler: authors, debates, institutions. literary life in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1945 to 1952. Hamburg 2003
  • Hans Sarkowicz: Friedrich Griese. In: Killy - Literature Lexicon. Tape. 4. Berlin 2009, pp. 411-412
  • Hans Sarkowicz / Alf Mentzer: Literature in Nazi Germany. A biographical lexicon. Extended new edition. Europa Verlag, Hamburg / Vienna 2002. ISBN 3-203-82030-7 .
  • Monika Schürmann / Reinhard Rösler / Matthias Wolf / Leonore Krenzlin: Griese - people made from words. Contributions from the Lehsten Literature Days to the work of Friedrich Griese Edition Federchen published by Steffen Verlag, Berlin 2014
  • Gerd Simon: "Art, Auslese, Ausmerze ..." etc. A previously unknown dictionary company from the SS main office in the context of the worldview lexicons of the 3rd Reich. (Publications of the Society for Interdisciplinary Research, Vol. 1). Tübingen 2000 (see also: [6] )
  • Association for the promotion of culture, art and education in the countryside Büdnerei Lehsten e. V. (Ed.): Mythical Mecklenburg. Early texts by Friedrich Griese. (Contributions to the 3rd Lehsten Literature Day). Federchen Verlag, Neubrandenburg 2004

Web links

Commons : Friedrich Griese  - Collection of Images
personal data
SURNAME Griese, Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German writer
DATE OF BIRTH October 2, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Lehsten
DATE OF DEATH June 1, 1975
Place of death Lübeck