St. Johann (Württemberg)

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the municipality of St. Johann
St. Johann (Württemberg)
Map of Germany, position of the municipality of St. Johann highlighted

Coordinates: 48 ° 29 '  N , 9 ° 19'  E

Basic data
State : Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region : Tübingen
County : Reutlingen
Height : 760 m above sea level NHN
Area : 58.97 km 2
Residents: 5161 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 88 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 72813
Area code : 07122
License plate : RT
Community key : 08 4 15 093
Community structure: 6 districts
Address of the
municipal administration:
Schulstrasse 1
72813 St. Johann
Website : www.st-johann.de
Mayor : Florian Bauer ( FDP )
Location of the municipality of St. Johann in the Reutlingen district
Alb-Donau-Kreis Landkreis Biberach Landkreis Böblingen Landkreis Esslingen Landkreis Esslingen Landkreis Göppingen Landkreis Sigmaringen Landkreis Tübingen Zollernalbkreis Bad Urach Dettingen an der Erms Engstingen Eningen unter Achalm Gomadingen Grabenstetten Grafenberg (Landkreis Reutlingen) Gutsbezirk Münsingen Hayingen Hohenstein (Landkreis Reutlingen) Hülben Lichtenstein (Württemberg) Mehrstetten Metzingen Münsingen (Württemberg) Pfronstetten Pfullingen Pfullingen Pliezhausen Reutlingen Riederich Römerstein (Gemeinde) Sonnenbühl St. Johann (Württemberg) Trochtelfingen Walddorfhäslach Wannweil Zwiefaltenmap
About this picture

St. Johann is a municipality in the Swabian Alb about eight kilometers east of Reutlingen . The seat of the municipal administration is Würtingen. St. Johann is part of the Swabian Alb biosphere area (44.2%) of its district .

geography

Geographical location

The district of Gächingen
The district of Lonsingen
The district of Upfingen

The six districts of the municipality (Bleichstetten, Gächingen, Lonsingen, Ohnastetten, Upfingen and Würtingen) are spread over a wide area on the Alb plateau.

Neighboring communities

The towns and municipalities named below border the municipality of St. Johann. They are named starting in the north in a clockwise direction and belong to the Reutlingen district :

Dettingen an der Erms , Bad Urach , Münsingen , Gomadingen , Engstingen , Lichtenstein , Pfullingen , Eningen under Achalm and Metzingen .

Community structure

The community consists of the community parts and formerly independent communities Bleichstetten, Gächingen, Lonsingen, Ohnastetten, Upfingen and Würtingen. Only the villages of the same name belong to the districts of Bleichstetten, Lonsingen, Ohnastetten and Upfingen. The village of Gächingen, the homestead Birkenhof and the house Tiefental belong to the municipality of Gächingen and the village of Würtingen and the farms of Fohlenhof and St. Johann belong to the municipality of Würtingen.

In the hamlet of Bleichstetten lies Outbound 1681 built and 1828 broken Hof Rutschenhof. The Zizelhausen desert lies in the municipality of Gächingen. The name Zizelhausen still exists as a field name in the south of the district. The oldest mention of Zozihuhus dates back to 760, other mentions are Zusenhusen from 1318 and Uzilishusin from around 1100, which, however, does not name this village with certainty. In the north of the community part of Upfingen is the lost place Bickelhausen. In the municipality of Würtingen, the Burkhausen desolations are mentioned as Burkhusin around 1100. Heselbuch, which is called villa Hesilibuoch in the 11th century , the town of Horgenloch called curia Horgenloch in 1290 and the Taubenhof homestead mentioned in 1454.

Bleichstetten
Bleichstetten
Gächingen
Gächingen
Lonsingen
Lonsingen
Ohnastetten
Ohnastetten
Würtingen
Würtingen
Upfingen
Upfingen

history

overview

All the places in what is now the municipality of St. Johann belonged to Württemberg since the 13th century . When the Kingdom of Württemberg was founded in 1806, the old Württemberg localities continued to belong to the Urach Oberamt . Bleichstetten, Ohnastetten and Würtingen only came to the Reutlingen district through the district reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg in 1938, while Gächingen, Lonsingen and Upfingen were added to the Münsingen district. In 1945 these six municipalities became part of the French zone of occupation and thus came to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern , which was incorporated into the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952.

On February 1, 1972, Bleichstetten was incorporated into Würtingen.

The district reform in Baden-Württemberg also made Gächingen, Lonsingen and Upfingen part of the Reutlingen district in 1973.

On January 1, 1975, the communities of Gächingen, Lonsingen, Ohnastetten, Würtingen and Upfingen were merged to form the new community of Würtingen. The new community was renamed on September 1, 1976 after the St. Johann stud farm.

Gächingen

Gächingen was considered the capital of the "parish" from an early age. Although this name does not appear until 1446, the amalgamation of the parish communities (Bleichstetten, Gächingen, Gomadingen, Kohlstetten, Lonsingen, Ohnastetten, Sirchingen, Upfingen and Würtingen) is older. The focus was either the Kirchberg near Gächingen or the Martinskirche in Gomadingen. Already in 1275 there were 4 parishes. Came to Württemberg with Urach in the middle of the 13th century. In the 14th century, Offenhausen Monastery acquired goods in the village. The districts of Upfingen, Ohnastetten and Würtingen are mentioned for the first time in 1138 on a document from the Zwiefalten monastery . Bleichstetten was recorded in writing in 1102, Lonsingen in 1268 and Gächingen in 1275.

In the Thirty Years' War the place Lonsingen was completely destroyed.

Würtingen

The place was already settled in the times of the Alemanni. There was an old princely seat on the Hirnberg. The Hartberg hides old wall remains - according to legend, the remains of an old castle. Furthermore, the area is rich in grave finds and Roman traces (coin finds from Mark Aurel , brick finds in Lammstrasse).
The old army route led from Gächingen through the Degental between Würtingen and Ohnastetten down to Eningen . On the “wooden meadows” on the Laisenweg there are ditches called Schanz ditches. One point in the direction of Übersberg is called "Haußemer Mäuerle". According to the name, these are further fortifications or entrenchments. In the Thirty Years' War and in the subsequent Wars of Succession (1688–1714) , such earth walls were raised for defense.

Würtingen belonged to the county of Urach from time immemorial and with this fell to the House of Württemberg . Together with u. a. Gächingen and Upfingen, Würtingen organized itself in the so-called parish, which was part of the Urach office .

During the Peasants' War , the Würtinger Singerhans and the Bleichstetter Konrad Griesinger tried to join the peasant army of Bantelhans , a former soldier from Dettingen / Erms. On May 17, 1514, they were picked up on the way there, along with their loyal friends, by the Urach forester. Griesinger escaped seriously injured. The Singerhans was taken to Urach and embarrassedly questioned on June 21 , although he did not reveal anything. Later he was imprisoned with the Bantelhans at the Hohenneuffen fortress .

In the Thirty Years War , Würtingen was also badly hit. During the cherry war in 1631, the imperial troops under Egon VIII von Fürstenberg set fire to the place and burned down 24 buildings. After the Battle of Nördlingen in 1634, the siege of Hohenurach Castle led to ongoing looting. The Gächinger farmer's son Elenhans , who organized the men of the parish and made several forays into the imperial camp, stood out here. 32 soldiers were killed in one skirmish and buried in a mass grave. In 1636 there was famine and soon afterwards the plague. Of the previous 370 inhabitants, only 58 survived the great war.

From 1640 to 1648, 30 Urach villages - including Würtingen, Ohnastetten and Bleichstetten - went to the County of Achalm and were incorporated into Upper Austria . With the Peace of Westphalia , the Achalm rule fell back to Württemberg.

religion

Evangelical church-owned Bleichstetten initially Gächingen , from 1556 to Würtingen, from where it will be cared for until today. The Protestant rectory in Gächingen also looks after the parish of Lonsingen . The Gächinger Catholics orient themselves towards Urach. The previous ecclesiastical affiliation of Ohnastetten is not known. In the 15th century, however, the place got its own parish of St. Mauritius , which was incorporated into the Offenhausen monastery. The Reformation was introduced in 1534. The Protestant parish of the Ohnastetten district belonged to the Bad Urach church district until 1939. With effect from April 1, 1939, it was reclassified to the Reutlingen church district and looked after by the Holzelfingen parish.

Upfingen was initially a church branch of Gächingen. The Upfingen parish also looks after the neighboring parish of Sirchingen .

The Protestant parish of Würtingen comprises the Würtingen district of the parish of St. Johann and the state domain Oberer Lindenhof (municipality of Eningen unter Achalm), which was reclassified in 1946 from the parish of Eningen unter Achalm (parish of Reutlingen) to the parish of Würtingen.

Apart from Ohnastetten (Reutlingen church district), the other Protestant communities in the districts belong to the Bad Urach-Münsingen church district of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg .

politics

St John in 1892

Municipal council

The parish council in St. Johann has 20 members. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council. The election on May 25, 2014 resulted in the following result:

Local election 2014
Turnout: 57.4% (2009: 57.0%)
 %
60
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
54.2%
26.0%
16.4%
3.4%
WfS b
OBL c
ULB d
Gains and losses
compared to 2009
 % p
 30th
 25th
 20th
 15th
 10
   5
   0
  -5
-10
-15
-13.7  % p
+ 26.0  % p
+ 4.6  % p
+ 3.4  % p
WfS b
OBL c
ULB d
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
b We for St. Johann
c Open list of citizens
d Independent Liberal Citizens
11
5
1
3
11 
A total of 20 seats
  • FW : 11
  • WfS : 5
  • ULB : 1
  • OBL : 3

mayor

The mayor is elected for a term of 8 years. On February 8, 2015, Florian Bauer was elected with 51.11% of the votes in the second ballot.

  • 1972-1999: Raimund Speidel
  • 1999–2015: Eberhard Wolf
  • since 2015: Florian Bauer ( FDP )

coat of arms

Blazon : In blue a soaring silver horse in front of a cut golden ear with golden awns.

Town twinning

St. Johann has had a partnership with the French municipalities of the municipality of Thénezay since October 30, 1999 .

Culture and sights

music

The Gächinger Kantorei was founded in 1954 by Helmuth Rilling ; today it is based in Stuttgart.

Buildings

Historic town hall of Würtingen
Rossbrunnen in Lonsingen
Former Grain mill in Würtingen
  • Evangelical Christ Church in Bleichstetten : Ecclesiastically, Bleichstetten first belonged to Gächingen, from 1556 to Würtingen, from where it is still looked after today. In the 18th century, a church of its own was built in Bleichstetten, but it was demolished in 1951 because the present-day Christ Church with an eastern choir tower was built by the Stuttgart architect Heinz Klatte until 1953 . The baptismal font is a reminder of the altar of the old church: it is carved from its stone. The tufa altar has a panel attachment by the Stuttgart painter Wolf-Dieter Kohler with painting on wood: Crucifixion, Pantocrator , clever and foolish virgins and other scenes. The pulpit bears the four symbols of the evangelists .
  • Evangelical Georgskirche in Gächingen : The church and parish of Sankt Georg are mentioned as early as 1275. The Romanesque fortified church with a defense tower-like west tower was extended in the late Gothic style, rebuilt in 1619, changed and renewed in 1705 and 1757. A mighty four-cornered west tower is attached to the hall building, which is polygonally closed to the east. The bell storey is covered by an octagonal pointed helmet. On the north side there is Romanesque masonry with small arched windows. The last time there were renovations in 1962–64 and 2009. In 1964, the Stuttgart artist Wolf-Dieter Kohler created three color-glazed choir windows with the parable themes of the Good Samaritan , The Great Supper and the Prodigal Son .
  • Evangelical Resurrection Church in Lonsingen : The church from 1449 was demolished after the current church was built as a parish hall in 1959 by the Münsingen architect Fritz Schäuffele. In 1970, the Reutlingen architect Manfred Wizgall added the church.
  • Evangelical Pankratius Church in Ohnastetten : The church was built in 1763. But even before 1430 there was a small chapel on the same site. It was dedicated to St. Mauritius . Around the year 1460 Ohnastetten received its own pastor. The chapel was made a parish church and incorporated by Offenhausen Monastery . Offenhausen Monastery was consecrated to St. Pancras, so both patronages were retained. The name "Pankratiuskirche" was retained even after the introduction of the Reformation in 1534. After the destruction of the church during the Thirty Years' War, a new building took until 1763. In the following years it received additions such as the parish hall in the early 1970s, where the “Franziska Library” with its 384 volumes, which is known far beyond the region, is kept is a gift from the pious Franziska von Hohenheim (1748 - 1811), the second wife of Duke Carl Eugen von Württemberg , for the then poor community . With its religious, ecclesiastical, philosophical and literary content, the valuable collection is a real treasure trove for historians. Paintings of both church patrons adorn the church with the black slate tower.
  • Evangelical St. Mary's Church in Upfingen : The late Gothic St. Mary's Church was built from 1448 and was last renovated in 1992. It was probably planned as a pilgrimage church, which explains its relatively monumental appearance for the place, and has a Gothic choir with cross vaults. In the course of the Reformation she became Protestant in 1534. The mural of Christophorus on the south wall of the nave and on the north wall of the choir with the motif of the Madonna and Jesus Christ come from their early days . It was probably donated by Count Ludwig II of Württemberg, who probably suffered from epilepsy, or by his mother Mechthild von der Pfalz . The count's pilgrimages to Upfingen are mentioned. The frescoes may come from the school of the painter and copperplate engraver Martin Schongauer . The artistic stone carving of the baptismal font is dated to around 1530. It could have been created by Christoph von Urach , the artist from the Amandus Church in Bad Urach . From the late Renaissance around the year 1600, very rare examples of glass painting have been preserved for southern German churches (Protestant and Catholic), namely a colored insert in two modern, clear-glazed windows, made from remnants of cabinet or coat of arms panes from 1607. In the left window you can see a bull, probably as a symbol of the evangelist Lukas, underneath an inscription with the mention of Johannes Scheerer, then princely cellar master at the Hohentwiel fortress; on the right several allegorical motifs (time and power, life and death, a pelican sacrificing himself as a symbol of Christ for his young ) as well as the mention of the name of Christoph Gastpar, the monastery administrator of Denkendorf at the time. It has not yet been clarified how this stained glass relates to the Marienkirche in Upfingen, in any case the ducal officials mentioned were involved in building matters with the well-known Württemberg Renaissance builder Heinrich Schickhardt and did not come from Upfingen. Stylistically and technically, these panes could have come from the Augsburg glass painter Achilles Miller , who in 1608 created comparable works of art for the Evangelical Trinity Church in Haunsheim . The baroque organ by the organ builder Hagemann dates from 1777.
  • Evangelical Andreas Church in Würtingen : There has been evidence of an Andreas Church in Würtingen since 1275. The oldest part is the Romanesque choir tower. The arched niches in the south and north walls are Romanesque. The sacristy door and the "Andreasstein" on the south side are Gothic. The oldest bell, the baptismal bell, dates from the 14th century and bears the names of the four evangelists. The date May 13, 1534 is carved into the baptismal font adorned with lions' heads. This date marks the beginning of the Reformation in Württemberg, which was given to the reformer Ambrosius Blarer . The stone comes from the stonemasonry workshop of Joseph Schmids and Christoph von Urach. The crucifix with a late Gothic body, the baptismal font from the early Renaissance and the parapet pictures from the time after the 30 Years War come from the previous church. The current nave and pulpit were completed in 1754. The baroque wall paintings were "rediscovered" during renovation work in 1990 and uncovered and restored between 1992 and 1995 (State Monument Office: "Perfection and fullness ... a particularly good quality of such paintings from the 18th century"). In 1964, the artist Heidi Foerster-Freudig designed the pulpit window in the south wall with biblical motifs. The Würtingen rectory was renovated in 1613. Was allowed to be used by Heinrich Schickhardt create a cost estimate. The current building dates from 1752. Early pastors of St. Andrew's Church since the Reformation were: 1557–1602 Gregor Hartmann, 1602–1607 Valentin Lettenbauer, 1607–1621 Johannes Hegel , 1621–1635 Abraham Schwägerlein (flees to Pfullingen and adheres to his Dismissed there for a while in Reutlingen ), 1635–1637 vacant ( Johann Georg Hegel ), 1637–1641 Nikolaus Müller II., 1641–1662 Würtingen is parish off to Upfingen, 1662–1673 Christoph Schlickenecker, 1673–1684 Christoph Ilg, 1684 –1693 G. Michael Schlegel 1693–1704 Johannes Konrad Harter.
  • Lookout tower on the Hohe Warte
  • Town hall in Würtingen, half-timbered building from 1744
  • Rossbrunnen in Lonsingen
  • Grain mill in Würtingen (was demolished in 2010)

societies

The evangelical German Indian Pioneer Mission was founded in 1962 and is based in Lonsingen.

In Würtingen there is an association, the Soifa-Bobby-Club St. Johann eV, which runs a race with Bobby-Cars and soapboxes in Würtingen.

Nature reserves

Economy and Infrastructure

Small industry and intensive agricultural use characterize the outskirts of the sub-communities. Here is a biogas plant in the Upfingens district

traffic

The state road 380 connects Gächingen, Lonsingen and Würtingen in the north with Reutlingen . The L 249 connects Lonsingen and Upfingen with Bad Urach . The districts are connected to one another via district roads.

The Public transport is by the Verkehrsverbund Neckar-Alb-Donau guaranteed (NALDO). The community is in honeycomb 221.

State institutions

Medallion with a high relief of a horse's head above a stable gate

The St. Johann stud farm is a domain of the main and state stud Marbach . Horses were kept there as early as the 17th century. He gave the church his name.

education

  • St. Johann Music School
  • Neighborhood elementary school Lonsingen
  • Elementary and secondary school with Werkrealschule Würtingen

Personalities

Honorary citizen

  • Honorary citizen of the municipality of Würtingen:
    • Stephan Haid (1874–1932), born in Würtingen, senior teacher and organist,
  • Honorary citizen of the community of St. Johann:

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Hans-Jerg Brendlin (1609–1677), born in Gächingen, leader of a peasant militia in the Thirty Years' War, known as the Elenhans .
  • Johann Georg Hegel (1615–1680), born in Würtingen, Lutheran pastor, ancestor of the “honorable” Hegel family in Württemberg
  • Eberhard Friedrich Hiemer (1682–1727), Lutheran theologian
  • Johann Philipp Rau (1781–1833), born in Würtingen, court notary, member of the state parliament
  • Christoph Siegfried Langbein (1880–1921) pastor in Ohnastetten and hobby photographer.
  • Eugen Lutz (1882–1922), born in Lonsingen, Oberamtmann in Württemberg
  • Friedrich Wilhelm "Fritz" Schnitzler (1928–2011), born in Ohnastetten, was a German farmer, CDU politician, economic manager and farmers' association functionary. In Ohnastetten he was a local councilor and deputy mayor before the incorporation, then a local mayor and local council.

Personalities who have worked on site

  • Albrecht Weyermann (1763-1832), German clergyman and literary historian, was a pastor in Würtingen
  • Lothar Schall (1924–1996), painter, from 1973 had a studio in Gächingen.
  • Frank Christoph Schnitzler (* 1970), painter, student of Lothar Schall , maintained a studio in Ohnastetten from 1990 to 2008.

Web links

Commons : St. Johann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
  2. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume VII: Tübingen administrative region. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-17-004807-4 . Pp. 71-73
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 531 and 538 .
  4. General history of the great peasant war: after ..., parts 1-2 by Wilhelm Zimmermann. (P. 210 and following)
  5. a b Website of the Evangelical Church Community Würtingen-Bleichstetten
  6. a b Website of the Evangelical Churches in Gächingen and Lonsingen
  7. ^ Website of the Evangelical Church Community of Holzelfingen-Ohnastetten
  8. ^ Website of the Upfingen-Sirchingen Evangelical Church Community
  9. http://wahlen11.rz-kiru.de/08415093W/gw2014gr.html
  10. Reutlinger General-Anzeiger: [1]
  11. Adolf Gommel (ed.): Evangelical Church of contemporary art - Festschrift of the Society for Christian Art in the Evangelical Church of Württemberg to celebrate the 100th anniversary from 1857 to 1957 ; Stuttgart 1957, Fig. 48 f
  12. Kerstin Dannath: The Pankratius Church of Ohnastetten , article see [2]
  13. Kerstin Dannath: The Marienkirche of Upfingen. A house of God in the middle of life ; Article see [3]
  14. St. Johann. Six home villages on the Swabian Alb, published by the St. Johann community, August 1988
  15. ^ Description of the Oberamt U rac h. Published by Ober-Steuerrath v. Memminger, Stuttgart and Tübingen. Publishing house of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung. 1831.
  16. ^ Leaflet: The Andreas Church in Würtingen; ed. Ev. Parish of St. Johann-Würtingen, no year (after 2000)
  17. ^ Christian Sigel: The Evangelical Württemberg. Its church offices and clergy from the Reformation to the present. 14 volumes, 1919–1932
  18. [4]