Heřmánky nad Odrou

Heřmánky
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Moravskoslezský kraj
District :	Nový Jičín
Area :	331 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 42 '  N , 17 ° 46'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 42 '25 "  N , 17 ° 46' 6"  E
Height:	324  m nm
Residents :	159 (Jan. 1, 2019)
Postal code :	742 35
License plate :	T
traffic
Street:	Odry - Vítkov
Railway connection:	Suchdol nad Odrou - Budišov nad Budišovkou
structure
Status:	local community
Districts:	1
administration
Mayor :	Roman Műnster (as of: 2019)
Address:	Heřmánky 282 742 35 Heřmánky
Municipality number:	568571
Website :	www.obec-hermanky.cz

Farm

Church of the Immaculate Conception

Homestead

Heřmánky (German Klein Hermsdorf ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located six and a half kilometers northwest of Odry and belongs to the Okres Nový Jičín .

geography

Heřmánky extends at the foot of the Vítkovská vrchovina ( Wigstadtler Mountains ) below the confluence of the Čermná ( Czerwenka ) on the left bank of the Oder . In addition, the Heřmanický potok ( Great Hermsdorfer Bach ) flows into the Oder in the village . The Čermenka (523 m nm) rises to the north, the Chrastavec (532 m nm) to the east, the Horní Buková ( Upper Mountain , 542 m nm) and the Suchá ( Dorraberg ; 578 m nm) to the south, and the Fléčka (534 m) to the south-west m nm), to the west of the Stráž (548 m nm) and in the north-west the Čížovice ( Czischowitz , 555 m nm) and the Petrov (539 m nm). The state road II / 442 between Odry and Vítkov and the railway line Suchdol nad Odrou – Budišov nad Budišovkou lead through Heřmánky . To the southeast is the extensive Jakubčovice quarry. Heřmánky is located in the Oderské vrchy Nature Park.

Neighboring towns are Klokočov north, Kamenka and Véska in the Northeast, Heřmanice u Oder and Tošovice the east, Vítovka and Jakubčovice nad Odrou in the southeast, Dobešov and Jindřichov in the south, Heltínov and Luboměř in the southwest, Spálov the west and Skala Panny Marie and Klokočůvek in Northwest.

history

On the Chrastavec there was a fortified Hrynek of the Avars camp near the Amber Road in the 6th century .

The village was probably founded in the 12th century and named after a locator Hermann. Heřmánky was first mentioned in documents in 1362 as part of the Odry estate . In 1374 Heřmánky was the owner of the domain Odry, Albert and Peter von Sternberg , the reversion freed; at this time there is also evidence of a mill. 1423, the mill was the property of Erbrichterei Heřmanice . When the owner of the Odry estate, Thomas von Zwole , granted the town of Odry the right to brew beer in 1555, Heřmánky made beer compulsory. In the same year he exempted Bernard from the obligation to keep a stately hunting dog, instead he levied an annual tax in kind in the form of a bucket of honey. In 1720 the village consisted of the Erbrichter and ten three-quarter hefers. From 1741 school lessons were held in various private houses, and Johann Georg Ertel was employed as the first official village teacher in 1775. In 1781 the village was repared from Odrau to Dörfel ; at the same time, at the instigation of Karl Fischer's widow, the construction of a cemetery church began, which was consecrated in 1783. In 1786 the widow Fischer married Johann Hanel, three years later he inherited the family house. At that time there was a treacher, a large farmer, eight three-quarter huefers, two half huefers and 16 cottagers in Klein-Hermsdorf .

In 1834 the village of Klein-Hermsdorf consisted of a straight lane with 28 permanently built houses in which 194 German-speaking people lived. The main sources of income were agriculture and cattle and fruit tree breeding. There was a branch church, a school and a water mill in the village. The parish was Dörfel. Until the middle of the 19th century, Klein-Hermsdorf remained subject to the Oderau minority.

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Klein Hermsdorf / Male Heřmanice in 1849 with the hamlet Jogsdorf / Jakubšovice a municipality in the judicial district Odrau . On March 10, 1866 Jogsdorf broke away from Klein Hermsdorf and formed its own community. From 1869 onwards, Klein Hermsdorf belonged to the Troppau district. At that time the village had 179 inhabitants and consisted of 28 houses. In the same year a new one-story school building was built. In 1879, the first volunteer fire brigade of the Odrau judicial district was founded in Klein Hermsdorf . Around 1880, the owner of the embrittlement, Hanel, had a gray rock quarry built. The district road between Odrau and Wigstadtl was built between 1881 and 1882 . When the Zauchtel – Bautsch local railway went into operation on October 15, 1891, a stop was created at Villa Lasar. Since the end of the 19th century, numerous people looking for relaxation came to the scenic Oder Valley by rail; As a large part of the summer visitors came from Vienna , the village was nicknamed "Little Vienna". The school house was extended in 1907; the building then housed the one-class elementary school as well as the community office and the teacher's apartment. In 1900 there were 223 people in Klein Hermsdorf / Malé Heřmáky ; In 1910 there were 251. The Czech place name Malé Heřmáky was changed in 1920 to Heřmánky. In the 1921 census, 234 people lived in the municipality's 49 houses, including 200 Germans and 5 Czechs. In 1930 Klein Hermsdorf consisted of 48 houses and had 239 inhabitants; In 1939 there were 241. The electrification took place in 1934. A train station was built between Klein Hermsdorf and Klein Glockersdorf in 1937, and the stopping point in the village was given up. According to the Munich Agreement , the community was assigned to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Neu Titschein district until 1945 . In 1938 there was an Erbrichterei in Klein Hermsdorf ( owned by the Hanel family ) with an inn, quarry and 72 hectares of arable land, an ancestral farm ( owned by the Fadle family ) with 20 hectares of land, the Heitelmühle with sawmill and 15 hectares of land, the Sponmühle near Mariastein with two gang saws , a steam engine, a turbine and 10 hectares of land, twelve farms with 3–21 hectares of land, three small farmers with 0.8–2 hectares of land, a Wagner, a blacksmith, a tailor and a general store. Josef Hanel's quarry with 50 employees had an annual production of 200,000 t. At the new station, around 20 wagons were loaded with gravel every day until the end of the war. After the end of the Second World War, Heřmánky returned to Czechoslovakia, except for six families, the German-speaking residents were expelled in 1946 and the village was repopulated with Czechs. Heřmánky was again part of the Okres Opava-venkov. In 1949 it was assigned to the newly formed Okres Vítkov, which was repealed during the local reform of 1960. In 1950 the village had 206 inhabitants. Because of the need for labor in the Jakubčovice nad Odrou and Heřmánky quarries, a prison was established in Jakubčovice nad Odrou after 1953, and the prisoners were used as manual workers to load the wagons. Due to fatal accidents, the prison was closed again in the early 1960s. The Heřmánky quarry was closed at this time, and a timber loading area was created at the railway loading point. In 1961 it was incorporated into Jakubčovice nad Odrou; at the same time the village came to Okres Nový Jičín . At the beginning of 1979 Heřmánky became a district of Odry .

The village of Heřmánky has existed again since November 24, 1990. When the Oder floods in 1997 , the level of the river rose to 5 meters between July 7th and 10th, and the Čermná and Heřmanický potok brooks became torrential rivers. During the hundred year flood, the banks of the Oder were washed away. The repair of the damaged river banks by the Povodí Odry, sp was completed in 2001. At the 2001 census, 157 people lived in the 59 houses in Heřmánky.

Attractions

• Church of the Immaculate Conception, built 1781–1783
• Jubilee source
• Protected yew Tomčíkův tis
• Remains of the castle Švédská skála ( Swedish rocks ), northwest of the village on a rock spur between the Oder and the Brálný potok

literature

• Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2005 , part 1, p. 722

Web links

• History of Heřmánky
• Klein-Hermsdorf on kuhlaendchen.de

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Obec Heřmánky: Podrobné informace , uir.cz
2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
3. ↑ Faustin Ens : The Oppaland or the Opava district, according to its historical, natural history, civic and local peculiarities. Volume 3: Description of the Oppaland and its inhabitants in general . Vienna 1836, pp. 284–285
4. ↑ Chytilův místopis ČSR, 2nd updated edition, 1929, p. 354 Heřmánky - Hiadeľ
5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Neu Titschein district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).