Heinrich (Pfannberg)

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Heinrich von Pfannberg (* before 1241; † July 24, 1282 ) was Count von Pfannberg , Governor of Styria in 1253 and Supreme Judge of Styria 1276–1279.

Live and act

He was a son of Count Ulrich II. († 1249) and the last Countess von Lebenau and played - especially in comparison with his brothers Ulrich, Bernhard and Siegfried - an outstanding role in the political life of Styria in the chaotic time between 1246 (death of the last Duke of Babenberg, Friedrich II ) and 1278 (death of Ottokar of Bohemia ).

In the dispute between the Salzburg electors Philipp von Spanheim and Count Meinhard von Görz , Heinrich and Bernhard from Pfannberg took the Spanheimer's side so as not to lose their Salzburg fiefdoms in Carinthia and Styria (alliance of June 1, 1250 at Fohnsdorf; Several Pfannberger service men are listed as guarantors in the certificate). In the following years, the attitude of the brothers is not clear: Heinrich was bribed by Bela of Hungary , who was striving for the Styrian ducal dignity for his son, in 1252 Heinrich's brother Ulrich joined Ottokar von Böhmen , who already ruled Austria, on behalf of all Pfannbergers .

In 1253, Ottokar had established himself so far in Styria that he appointed Count Heinrich von Pfannberg as governor. During the following war, which King Bela had started against Ottokar, Ottokar's father King Wenzel I died and Ottokar ceded Styria to Bela in the Peace of Oven in 1254.

Hungarian rule

For the next six years, the Pfannbergers were busy with private things (e.g. donations to St. Paul ); Ulrich († before 1255) and Siegfried († before 1260) stepped down from the stage of life.

In 1256, Pope Alexander IV commissioned King Bela as Duke of Styria to protect the St. Paul Monastery from Count Siegfried and Heinrich von Pfannberg, who caused great damage through robbery. (K. Tangl relocates the date of this papal bull to the year 1259, since Abbot Leutold would have been a friendly cousin of the Pfannberg brothers from 1248 to 1258 and a hostile abbot only from 1258 onwards with Gerhard von Ennstal .)

On May 26, 1259, Prince Stephan, as Hungarian governor, held a court meeting in Graz, in which he confirmed his privileges to the Rein monastery, among others ; Witnesses include Count Bernhard and Heinrich von Pfannberg; In the same court, Heinrich was sentenced to pay compensation to the Rein monastery for damage inflicted.

After a Styrian uprising against Hungarian rule at the end of 1259, a war between King Ottokar and King Bela followed, which ended in 1260 with the battle of Kressenbrunn and the cession of Styria to Ottokar.

Bohemian rule

At the end of 1260, King Ottokar paid homage to Graz and confirmed their privileges to several foundations; first witnesses: Counts Bernhard and Heinrich von Pfannberg, followed by others from Styria, Austria and Bohemia. On December 24th of the same year, in a court hearing under Duke Ottokar of Styria and Duke Ulrich of Carinthia, the two Pfannberger brothers were sentenced to renounce the allegedly presumed monastery bailiwick on a complaint by St. Paul Abbot Gerhard.

In 1261 the two counts were sentenced not to further hinder the Rein monastery from using the property of the former Helfenstein Castle (near Rein , demolished by Duke Friedrich II ).

In 1264 the Pfannbergers were involved in a feud with the diocese of Gurk ; The dispute about Albeck Castle and its goods had already been started by Heinrich's great uncle Ulrich I von Peggau and was settled at the end of the year.

In 1268 the two counts, along with other Styrian nobles, had to take part in Ottokar's campaign against the Prussians and Lithuanians, which demanded great sacrifices from all of them and yet remained unsuccessful. The dissatisfaction of the Styrians grew louder, especially since Ottokar had already reclaimed ducal property stolen from the nobility in 1265; But it got even worse: Friedrich von Pettau , although a Lower Styrian and nephew of the Pfannberger, allegedly accused Otto von Pfannberg of conspiracy against the king, Hartnid von Wildon as a confidante and Wulfing von Stubenberg and Ulrich von Liechtenstein as participants. As a result, the four and Heinrich were imprisoned and forced to give up their castles:

Ottokar had the castles Pfannberg, Peggau, Straßegg, Loschental, Murau, Liechtenstein, Primaresburg, Gleichenberg, Kapfenberg, Katsch, Wulfingstein, Stubenberg and Wurmberg destroyed, had the prisoners swear Urfehde that they would not take revenge on the traitor Friedrich von Pettau, gave them gifts, silver and precious robes and sent them home. The history of the next few years shows the hatred of these men for Ottokar.

In 1269, after Duke Ulrich's death of Carinthia , the Pfannbergers no longer joined Ulrich's brother, Philipp von Spanheim , who had been tricked by the secret inheritance contract from Podiebrad , because they considered him too weak. As a result, for better or worse, they had to take part in Ottokar's 1270 campaign to take possession of Krain and Carinthia.

On the occasion of Ottokar's war against Hungary in 1271, Count Heinrich was able to use a brave word to get Ottokar to promise the Styrians to return their confiscated goods and castles.

After Count Bernhard's death in 1271, we find Heinrich in sole possession of the Pfannberg estates.

In 1271/72, Seifried von Mahrenberg was tortured and executed by King Ottokar.

In 1273 Rudolf von Habsburg was elected German king and things went downhill with King Ottokar: In 1276, the Reiner oath against Ottokar was made with Count Heinrich in a leading position. Immediately the Styrian castles and towns were conquered and the Bohemian occupation driven out. Count Heinrich stormed the city of Judenburg . Even Graz with a castle on the Schlossberg was finally taken by storm, the governor Milota was only the secret flight.

Then Heinrich and his 300 men and the other Styrian nobles joined Meinhard von Tirol-Görz , who had meanwhile freed Carinthia and Krain from the Bohemian occupation, and they moved to Austria to unite with King Rudolf's armed forces. In view of the overwhelming power of the Imperial Army, Ottokar surrendered (November 1276), renounced Austria, Styria, Carinthia, Krain , the Windische Mark , Portenau and Eger and undertook to release hostages and guarantors from his power and to return illegally appropriated castles and possessions.

Habsburg rule

In view of their special merits, Count Heinrich von Pfannberg and Friedrich von Pettau were appointed by King Rudolf to be the highest regional judges of Styria. (Hartnid von Wildon was awarded the office of Marshal of Styria.) In the following years Count Heinrich can be found as a witness in the most important royal edicts.

Count Heinrich also took part in the decisive battle on the Marchfeld in 1278 with 100 knights. At the beginning of the fight, despite his advanced age, he threw himself into the fray and was one of the first to suffer a serious wound. As a result he resigned the office of the Styrian Supreme Judge, in 1279 Friedrich von Pettau is found as captain of Styria.

Private

In his private life, Count Heinrich mainly tried to re-establish a friendly relationship with the St. Paul Abbey . Heinrich's greatest opponent, Abbot Gerhard , had become Bishop of Lavant in 1275 , and on June 13, 1278 he was able to conclude a contract with the new Abbot Hermann, which provided him with the fiefs that the late Otto von Traberg ( Unterdrauburg ) owned, namely Mahrenberg Castle and the Bailiwick on the Remschnigg "to the mountains and to the valley" including the castle and toll to Traberg; for this he again renounced the monastery bailiwick. Furthermore, he gave the monastery his own property Veustriz (Bistrica on the Drau w. Maribor , between Selnica and Viltus) and other rights in the Lavant valley on condition that they were reassigned to him and his sons.

Strangely enough, Abbot Hermann awarded the same bailiwick on Remschnigg and around Traberg to Offo von Emmerberg -ahrenberg on July 6th of the same year . As a result, Heinrich feuded the pen again; In September 1279 an arbitration settlement was concluded and confirmed by King Rudolf in October.

Between 1278 and 1282, Count Heinrich, with the consent of King Rudolf, founded the Frohnleiten market as sovereign , who also had to look after the newly built Mur Bridge. This transition therefore gained importance because Graz from last Babenbergs the settlement rights had been given and therefore a new traffic route established on the left bank of the Mur. The old Roman road to the right of the Mur south of the bridge became less important.

In 1282, Count Heinrich can only be found in two documents: on March 17, he exempted the Mahrenberg nunnery from the Traberg toll for groceries and on March 26, in Trixen , Meinhard von Zeiselstorf sold him the Puchenstein fortress (ö. Unterdrauburg).

According to the Rein monastery book of the dead, he died on July 24th.

Count Heinrich is described by K. Tangl as a perfect personality, every inch a knight, modest, brave and manly, pious and religious in mind, loving the truth, man of action rather than negotiation.

family

Heinrich was (from 1260) married to Agnes von Plain-Hardegg , daughter (or sister) of Konrad III. (X 1260). Her mother was Euphemia von Ortenburg . Agnes' last mention dates of 10 April 1298, as they Ehrenhausen their free self and her dowry in Lavanttal , namely the castle Loschental and the Tower of Lavamünd with all appurtenances, the archbishopric of Salzburg gave to everlasting possession and as a soul unit.

He had three children with Agnes:

literature

  • Karlmann Tangl : The Counts of Pfannberg. In: Archive for customers of Austrian historical sources. Volume 18, Vienna 1857.
  • Othmar Pickl : History of the Frohnleiten market. Graz 1956.
  • Franz von Krones:  Pfannberg . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1887, pp. 600-603. (Family item)
personal data
SURNAME Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Count von Pfannberg, Governor of Styria, Supreme Judge of Styria
DATE OF BIRTH before 1241
DATE OF DEATH July 24, 1282