Herrengosserstedt
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Herrengosserstedt
Municipality of An der Poststrasse
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| Height : | 212 m |
| Area : | 11.59 km² |
| Residents : | 586 (Dec. 31, 2007) |
| Population density : | 51 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 2009 |
| Postal code : | 06647 |
| Area code : | 034467 |
Herrengosserstedt is a part of the municipality An der Poststraße in the Burgenland district in Saxony-Anhalt .
geography
Herrengosserstedt lies between Weimar and Halle (Saale) .
history
In the corridor around Herrengosserstedt there are relics of prehistoric settlements. There are four Neolithic settlements, two of which also existed during the Bronze Age. Finds that are now exhibited in the local history museum in Kölleda speak for two other settlements . Today's Herrengosserstädt lies on two old military roads. Due to this fact, the fishing rods and warning systems settled at the site in the 3rd century. In the Middle Ages, the Heerweg, which ran in north-south direction, became a copper road that was used to transport the mined copper from the Mansfeld to Italy . The one running in an east-west direction became Poststrasse , which led from Kassel via Eßleben and Klosterhäseler to Leipzig .
Early documentary mentions
On March 18, 874, the place was first mentioned under the name Gozherestet as the interest place Fuldas . In the said document, the claims of the Fulda abbot Sigehard for the elevation of tithes in Thuringia against the claims of Archbishop Liutbert of Mainz after a bitter dispute in numerous places in Thuringia are confirmed by King Ludwig in the Palatinate in Ingelheim .
As early as the 10th century, the village was divided into two parts. This is probably due to an inheritance among the local lords at the time. The lower village up to Bachgasse was surrounded on three sides by water and protected on the north side by a high earth wall, which was only removed in the 19th century. The lower village was subordinate to the Oldisleben monastery , which ran a monastery in the area of the farm property of the farmer Erich Mäder. On this was the cruciform church, after which the village was named Gosserstedt-Crucis .
Family of the Marschalle von Gosserstedt
The upper village with moated castle, later the manor, was owned by the von Gosserstedt ministerial family in the 13th century . The Marienkirche stood in this part of the village. The place was named Gosserstedt-Mariae after her . For a long time it was under the feudal sovereignty of the Counts of Weimar-Orlamünde . They also owned a regional court in the village for many decades .
Probably after 1400, the Marschalle family settled in this part of the village , who owned properties in Thuringia and Saxony and whose senior later held the title of Hereditary Marshal of Thuringia. In the first half of the 15th century, Rudolph Marschall was master of the castle, in the second half of the 16th century, Georg Rudolph Marschall ; one of his sons was Ludwig Ernst Marschall . Again and again there were disputes between the gentlemen known as Marschalle von Gosserstedt and the Oldisleben monastery over the possession of the Oldisleben monastery and Gosserstedt-Crucis. At the time of the Reformation, however, the marshals came into possession of the lower village, including the monastery and church. This meant that the Marschalle von Gosserstedt were the sole masters of the village. In 1539, the name Herrengosserstedt for the village can be found for the first time in the visitation protocol .
The place was badly damaged in the Thirty Years War . In 1637 a total of 231 inhabitants of the village died from the epidemics and plague that followed the war. This led to the full capacity of the cemeteries at both churches. Then a third cemetery was created in the village. After the war both churches lay desolate. Friedrich Wilhelm Marschall, Hereditary Marshal of Thuringia, had the Marienkirche rebuilt on the old foundations and expanded to include the chancel to the east, under which a crypt was laid as a new burial place for the marshal. This is how it came about that the church tower of the former Marienkirche stands in the middle of the church. The oldest tower button certificate dates from June 22nd, 1675. At this time the Marienkirche was also renamed Trinitatiskirche. The Kreuzkirche was not rebuilt.
While members of the Marschalle family, whose head in Altengottern near Mühlhausen / Thuringia held the title Hereditary Marshal of Thuringia , sat in Burgholzhausen and Tromsdorf until the end of the 18th century , the Herrengosserstedter Marschalle sold their entire property to the chief magistrate Conrad Werner Wedemeyer as early as 1715 .
Munchausen family
Wedemeyer sold the estate to Ernst Friedemann von Münchhausen (1686–1762) in 1730 . He grew up on the nearby Steinburg estate , which had belonged to his maternal grandfather Ernst Friedemann von Selmnitz and which belonged to his father, Gerlach Heino von Münchhausen (1652–1710), once chamberlain to the great elector , then chief stable master Friedrich I , his brother-in-law Selmnitz in 1686 had bought. ( Vehra , Kranichborn and Straussfurt had also belonged to grandfather Selmnitz and Gerlach Heino, like Steinburg, had also acquired the latter for his younger sons.) In 1716 Ernst Friedemann von Münchhausen was Oberhofmarschall of the widowed Duchess of Saxe-Weimar, Charlotte von Hessen- Homburg (daughter of Kleist's Prince of Homburg ). In 1721 he married Charlotte Friederike Quadt von Landskron , who came from Zweibrücken and in 1722 inherited the Diedendorf estate in Crooked Alsace from her maternal uncle Otto Eberhard Streiff von Lauenstein . In 1723 Ernst Friedemann also became a member of the government of Duke Wilhelm Ernst of Saxe-Weimar , but after his death in 1728 the despotic successor Ernst August I immediately dismissed him and the Münchhausen family moved to Diedendorf for the time being. At the insistence of the Dowager Duchess, however, they returned to their service in 1730, sold the distant Alsatian estate and at the same time acquired the Herrengosserstedt estate with ancillary estates in Billroda and Braunsroda including tithes from 15 villages in order to have a country estate near the Weimar court a total of 121,656 thalers . For the purpose of financing, Ernst Friedemann also sold his father's inheritance in 1731, Wendlinghausen Castle near Detmold in the Weser Uplands (he had to fight in court about the purchase price until 1750).
The couple had the dilapidated old Gosserstedter castle demolished and a new, simple mansion built on its vaulted cellars, on the facade of which the Münchhausen-Quadt double coat of arms is still to this day. Probably because of the growing enmity of the young duke, who had fallen out with his stepmother, Charlotte Friederike von Münchhausen also bought a large property in the "foreign" Erfurt in 1734 , namely the house at the Breiten Herd and summer house in the backyard, as well as two adjacent buildings. This is where Ernst Friedemann took refuge when the Dowager Duchess died in August 1738 and Duke Ernst August promptly blamed him for the desolate finances of the old lady who was eager to spend (the absolutist despot used to confiscate property of the nobility more often with such reasons). In December of the same year, however, appointed the Saxon Elector and Polish King August III. Münchhausen as district chief of Thuringia, an honorary position in which he had to represent the interests of the estates in the Thuringian circles of the electorate towards the elector . Münchhausen fought with the Weimar Duke for 15 years about backward salaries; only under pressure from his brother, the powerful royal British Prime Minister of the Electorate of Hanover, Gerlach Adolph von Münchhausen , did the duke settle for payment (using precious items from the old duchess). Ernst Friedemann died in 1762 in the Breiten Herd zu Erfurt and was buried in the Herrengosserstedter church. Charlotte died six months later in Breslau with her son and was buried there; the Gosserstedter pastor was not allowed to give a memorial sermon for them on the instructions of the Leipzig consistory , since it had been a Reformed creed .
The son of the same name and heir, Ernst Friedemann (1724–1784), stayed in Herrengosserstedt only for a short time, as he first lived as the Prussian district president in Küstrin , then as the district president in Breslau , before becoming Minister of State and Justice with Friedrich II in 1763 . was. In this function he played a major role in the elaboration of the General Prussian Land Law , according to which he acted in Herrengosserstedt as early as 1784 (in Prussia it only became law in 1794). From 1764 he was among other things head of the spiritual department. In 1774 he donated the large church bell, which still exists today, which was the only one in both world wars to avoid being melted down due to petitions from the church council.
The minister's son, Ernst Friedemann (III.) Von Münchhausen (1761-1826), married the divorced wife of his manager JG Lauterbach, the master baker's daughter Dorothea Hüttenrauch from Buttstädt, in 1788, after he had fathered two illegitimate daughters with her. She died in 1800 with the birth of her sixth child (by order of the superintendent , the church bell was not allowed to ring for the divorced). Her eldest son Ernst Friedemann (IV.) (1791–1869) married his cousin Wilhelmine (1800–1881) from Steinburg in 1827 , whose learned father Philipp Adolf Friedrich von Münchhausen (1766–1814) was a friend of Goethe and Schiller . (Old Goethe had definitely cast an eye on young Minchen , which he makes no secret of in his poem The Zierlichsten Undine , which is dedicated to her for her birthday .) A sister of Ernst Friedemann IV, Helene (1788–1839), had himself Engaged to Adalbert Herder , a son of Johann Gottfried Herder , at the age of fourteen in 1802 , but her father dissolved the engagement again in 1808 because Herder junior became over-indebted (including with him) and ruined his estate in the Bavarian Forest. Helene never used it and died unmarried.
After the battle of Auerstedt in 1806, Herrengosserstedt was plundered by the French bivouacking near Niederholzhausen . (Ernst Friedemann IV fought in the same year in Prince Louis Ferdinand's regiment near Saalfeld , later in the Brandenburg cuirassier regiment .) The sieges of Herrengosserstedt by various European troops lasted until after the Battle of Leipzig . After the end of the war, Herrengosserstedt fell to Prussia as a village in the province of Saxony. On October 1, 1816, the district authorities began their work. At that time, the district of Eckartsberga was established with the district town of Kölleda. Herrengosserstedt became the seat of a head of department. In 1874 the Pfefferminzbahn (Großheringen-Straussfurt railway line) was put into operation and was originally intended to run from Buttstädt via Herrengosserstedt and the Finns to Naumburg. But it failed because of the resistance of the opponents of this line. Thus Herrengosserstedt remained without a rail connection.
The Herrengosserstedt estate was subsequently owned by Heino von Münchhausen (1835–1901) (his older brother Ernst Friedemann had died of scarlet fever in 1832 at the age of four), while Heino's godparents included Adele Schopenhauer and Ulrike von Pogwisch , sister of Ottilie von Goethe ; he married Marie Countess von der Schulenburg from Bodendorf (twelve children); it was followed by their son Ernst Friedemann (V.) (1865–1936), district administrator of the Eckartsberga district, married to Gertrud Freiin von Hammerstein-Loxten , daughter of the Prussian Agriculture Minister Ernst von Hammerstein-Loxten , and then his son Ernst Friedemann (VI.) (1906-2002). In September 1945 the family was expropriated by the land reform in the Soviet occupation zone and left the area. Ernst Friedemann's first wife Marie Luise , a sister of the two anti-fascist resistance fighters Kunrat von Hammerstein-Equord and Ludwig von Hammerstein-Equord , remained in the GDR while her divorced husband made a career in the North Rhine-Westphalian judicial service and finally made it to the state secretary in the justice ministry. After the reunification in 1990 he bought back a piece of forest in Herrengosserstedt.
Incorporation into the new municipality of An der Poststrasse
On July 1, 2009, Herrengosserstedt was incorporated into the new municipality of An der Poststrasse .
politics
mayor
The last mayor was Siegbert Fröhlich.
coat of arms
Blazon : "Square of red and silver, fields 1 and 4 a silver rose, field 2 two red sheep shears and field 3 a red oblique ploughshare."
flag
The flag of the municipality of Herrengosserstedt showed the colors red and silver and in the middle is the coat of arms.
Culture and sights
- Graves in the local cemetery for three Polish youths who are known by name and who were abducted to Germany during the Second World War and were victims of forced labor
religion
Primarily Protestant. There is a rectory in Herrengosserstedt, but it is no longer used. Today the place belongs to the parish of Braunsroda .
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
The federal road 87 runs east of the village and leads from Apolda to Naumburg (Saale) .
Sports clubs
- ESV Herrengosserstedt 2013
- Heimatverein Herrengosserstedt eV
Personalities
- Rudolph Marschall (* around 1400, † around 1460), Saxon colonel
- Georg Rudolph Marschall (* around 1550, † around 1602), Hereditary Marshal of the Landgraviate of Thuringia
- Ludwig Ernst Marschall (* 1575; † 1652) Hereditary Marshal of Thuringia, superintendent of the county of Henneberg
- Ernst Friedemann von Münchhausen (* 1724 - † 1784), Prussian Minister of Justice
- Ernst Friedemann Freiherr von Münchhausen (* 1865 - † 1936), District Administrator of the Eckartsberga district
- Ernst Friedemann Freiherr von Münchhausen (* 1906, † 2002), State Secretary in the Ministry of Justice of North Rhine-Westphalia
Others
The place name Josserscht is pronounced by the locals .
Individual evidence
Web links
