One (rowing)

One
Officially	1x	Single sculls
length	approx. 8 m
Minimum weight	14 kg
Olympic boat class
Men	since 1900
Women	since 1976
FISA boat class
Men	since 1962
Women	since 1974
World best times (2000 m)
Men:	6: 30.74 (June 18, 2017 in Poznan )
Robert Manson
Women:	7: 07.71 (Seville September 21, 2002)
Rumiana Nejkowa
Men lightweight:	6: 41.03 (September 9, 2018 in Plovdiv )
Jason Osborne
Women lightweight:	7: 24.46 (June 20, 2015 in Varese)
Zoe McBride

One (abbreviation 1x , also called skiff ) is the generic term in rowing for all rowing boats driven by a person with sculls .

The most important sub-class is a boat class defined by the world rowing association FISA , which is also simply called one or racing one and, along with the eighth, is seen as the premier class of rowing. The Renneiner has been an Olympic boat class since 1900 and also exists as a non-Olympic lightweight variant. In racing rowing, the single person also plays a major role in training, where it is used to train individual rowing techniques, to improve physical performance in a row-specific manner and to prepare for participation in rowing regattas in team boats.

One and the two belong to the small boats, while the four and the eight are called large boats.

description

The rowers in the (unlimited) one do not have to adhere to a weight limit. This does not apply to the lightweight version: male single rowers may weigh a maximum of 72.5 kg, female 59 kg. The classic competition route in the single corresponds to the Olympic distance of 2000 m.

The material and construction of the boat are similar to those of typical racing rowing boats. The boat is about 8 meters long, about 27 cm wide at the waterline and weighs at least 14 kg. A jib is mounted on each side of the boat . The rower wields a scull with each hand, which is attached to the boom by an oarlock . Although there is no helmsman on board in the one , one is built without a foot control and must therefore be steered by rowing more powerfully on one side ("pulling over"). During exercise, the rower regularly turns his head to face bow so that he can safely steer his boat. When racing and during training on a track with the Albano system , he can orient himself using the buoys that are laid out at regular intervals.

history

The one has been an important boat class in rowing since the beginning of modern rowing at the beginning of the 19th century. The first competitions were held in London early on, such as the Regatta Professional Championship of the Thames between Westminster and Hammersmith from 1831 . The first contenders were John Williams and Charles Campbell. From 1863 the competition was called the World Sculling Championship because of the first non-British participant , making it one of the first regularly held world championships.

Rowing was first played at the Summer Olympics in 1900 , after the competitions had to be canceled due to bad weather four years earlier. The one of the men was also in the program at the first event and, along with the eighth, is the only boat class that has been rowed out continuously since then. The women's one has been Olympic since 1976, when women were allowed to participate in the Olympic Games in rowing for the first time. Even at the European Rowing Championships and World Rowing Championships , the one was always a core boat class and the highlight of the event.

use

In addition to their use in racing rowing, skiffs are also used for other purposes. During rowing training, they offer beginners direct feedback on the individual rowing technique, even though capsizing is more common due to the narrow boat shape . This is why it is not used in cold water. For experienced rowers, skiffs are a popular training tool to improve stamina and individual rowing technique independent of training mates.

The wedding of his or his gentleman is a skiff with a helmsman's seat in gig construction . The term is traced back to the fact that the helmsman's place should enable a woman to participate in her husband's sport because she was forbidden to row herself at the time it was created . Nowadays there are only seldom trips with wedding guests. This boat class is used by clubs that still own such a boat for training beginners.

When traveling rowing skiffs do not matter. Due to their design, they are not stable enough, not robust to handle and offer no storage space for luggage. They are also not used as a giant rowing boat for touring rowing.

language

The word skiff has a longer etymological derivation. According to Duden , it is derived from the Old High German scif (ship) via skiff (English), esquif (French) and schifo (Italian) and has a neutral gender ("the skiff").

literature

• Wolfgang Fritsch: manual for rowing: training - stamina - free time . 4th, revised edition. Meyer & Meyer Verlag, Aachen 2006, ISBN 978-3-89899-111-7 .

Web links

Commons : One  - collection of images

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} world best times in rowing. World Rowing Association, accessed June 19, 2017 . 
2. ↑ Rowing competition rules (RWR) of the German Rowing Association; valid from January 1, 2016. (PDF; 666 kB) In: www.rudern.de. German Rowing Association, archived from the original on April 29, 2016 ; Retrieved April 29, 2016 . 
3. ↑ Dimensions of various single versions at the Empacher shipyard. Empacher shipyard , archived from the original on December 25, 2015 ; Retrieved December 25, 2015 . 
4. ↑ Responsibility in the rowboat. German Rowing Association , archived from the original on October 16, 2014 ; Retrieved November 30, 2014 . 
5. ↑ "Skiff, that". Duden , accessed November 30, 2014 .