Kiel-Holtenau

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Holtenau
City of Kiel
Coordinates: 54 ° 22 ′ 22 ″  N , 10 ° 8 ′ 31 ″  E
Height : 15 m
Area : 5.91 km²
Residents : 5204  (Dec. 31, 2014)
Population density : 880 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : October 1, 1922
Postal code : 24159
Area code : 0431
map
Location of Holtenau in Kiel
Map of Holtenau and the surrounding area from 1898

Kiel-Holtenau ( Danish : Holtenå ) is a district of Kiel . Kiel-Holtenau is located at the end of the Kiel Canal on the Kiel Fjord ( Baltic Sea ) and is known for its large locks for seagoing ships and as the location of the Kiel airport . The Olympic Harbor in Kiel-Schilksee is north of Kiel-Holtenau .

Holtenau's landmarks are locks and canals, the Holtenau lighthouse and the Tiessenkai. Another popular building is the Kanal-Packhaus. The Holtenau high bridges are unmistakable, but no longer have the peculiarities of the first canal high bridge by Friedrich Voss , of which only the smallest remains are left.

geography

The former village of Holtenau is now characterized by dense residential development. But since the airport, the former military area , port area and north of the airport even agricultural areas are counted as part of the district area, the official population density is comparatively low. District 18 - Holtenau is bounded in the northeast by the Neuwittenbek – Kiel Schusterkrug railway line , in the east by the port of Kiel or Kiel Fjord, in the south by the south bank of the Kiel Canal. In the west, Holtenau has a water limit in the Kiel Canal. The north bank of the Kiel Canal is the border up to Gut Knoop . From this point the border runs diagonally across the Kiel Canal to the south bank just before the Levensau high bridges . From Villa Hoheneck up to the Neuwittenbek – Kiel Schusterkrug railway line, federal road 503 then forms the boundary of the district. Altenholz is to the northwest , Pries to the northeast and the Wik to the south . The water bodies adjoining to the east belong to the Friedrichsort district .

history

The names Olthena or Altena can be found in old documents. Possibly the word ending -a denotes the later word au , because not least the name Levensau shows that terms originating from the Nordic were quite in use. The connection with today's Holtenau is unclear.

Reliable information about the farming village of Holtenau has been available since the 15th century. The village first belonged to Gut Knoop , then to Gut Seekamp , which built a Meierhof there in the 17th century on the site of today's Dankeskirche . Since the settlement was north of the Levensau, it belonged to Schleswig . Most of the city of Kiel belongs to Holstein .

The construction of the Old Eider Canal in the south of the village and its completion in 1779 had little impact on the place.

In 1791 serfdom was lifted in the Seekamp estate and thus also in Holtenau. From 1867 Holtenau belonged to the Eckernförde district and had around 400 inhabitants.

The Kaiser Wilhelm Canal (later Kiel Canal ), completed in 1895, not only fundamentally changed the face of Holtenau, but also led to the creation of new authorities for canal operation, the influx of traders and specialist staff, the creation of the necessary infrastructure (e.g. B. bridge and ferry over the canal) to a new development that pushed back the village character. At that time Holtenau had just under 1100 inhabitants.

As on the entire Kiel Fjord, fortifications were also built in Holtenau (Fort Holtenau), but they were never used and were razed after the First World War . In 1913, Holtenau became the nucleus of the imperial sea aviation, from which later naval aviation emerged. In 1916/1917 Gunther Plüschow , one of the most famous front-line pilots in World War I and known in naval history as the “Flieger von Tsingtau”, was in command of the naval flying station .

The end of the First World War and the monarchy also brought the temporary withdrawal of the navy and sea planes. When Holtenau was incorporated into Kiel in 1922 , there were over 3,000 inhabitants.

In the 1920s, after the incorporation, there was also a change in the Holtenau townscape through the complete demolition of the Holtenau fortifications (Fort Holtenau), which served to protect the Friedrichsort fortress as the central Kiel fortress and thus the fjord as a naval port , and the construction of one Airfield. In 1928 the Kiel-Holtenau airfield was put into operation, which was expanded to its present size in the course of the armament of the Wehrmacht .

From 1934 to 1945, Holtenau was again the location of units of the Reich and Kriegsmarine as well as a sea ​​emergency unit of the Air Force . During the Second World War , Holtenau was relatively spared the air raids on Kiel , which peaked in the summer of 1944, despite the naval location and temporary submarine construction by the Deutsche Werke Kiel (DWK) shipyard in the area of ​​the lock entrance . This is mainly attributed to the strategic importance of the Kiel Canal for the laying of naval ships of the Western Allies in the looming Cold War with the Soviet Union after the World War.

In 1956, Holtenau became the location of the German Navy , which stationed naval aviators at the air base , such as the Naval Aviation Squadron 5 from 1958 to 2012 . This became the Holtenau Ost redevelopment area.

In 1997, parts of the Holtenau district area were recruited to Altenholz . In return, parts of the Altenholz community area of Kiel-Pries were struck.

education

In the center of the village is the Holtenau elementary school , formerly Holtenau elementary and secondary school . The Holtenau School was mentioned as early as 1741. The current school building was built in 1961. North of the airfield Kiel in Schusterkrug 5 at the former location of the special school "Emil Nolde School" today is the day care center of learning Werft GmbH - Club of Rome School Kiel domiciled in Kiel district Friedrichsort Has. The nearest other types of school are a grammar school in the neighboring village of Altenholz and a community school with upper level in Kiel-Friedrichsort .

Culture and religion

Holtenau was looked after by the parish of Dänischenhagen until 1895. Then an independent Evangelical Lutheran congregation was founded in Holtenau . Two years after its foundation, the Dankeskirche, located on a hill above the canal, was inaugurated. Her name expresses her gratitude for the construction of the Kiel Canal, which was completed in 1895. During the construction of the Kiel airport, the height of the church tower was reduced from 52 meters to 26 meters. The cemetery was inaugurated in 1899.

Since 1926, Holtenau has been the location of the seaman's mission , which operates two seaman's homes in the village. There is also a Protestant Danish congregation on site. The premises of the Danish community at Westenhofstraße 8 are shared with the SSF ( Sydslesvigsk Forening ) cultural association , the SSW ( Sydslesvigsk Vælgerforening ) association of voters , the SAF ( Sønderjysk Arbejderforening ) workers' association and the Husmoderforening ( Housewives Association ).

The former Roman Catholic Church of St. Elizabeth in Mählsweg 38 was due to low visitor numbers in relation to the annual maintenance costs 2,003 profaned and converted in 2006 to an architect's office. In the Holtenau are TuS Holtenau and FC Holtenau home 07th

shipping

Canal ferry Adler I

The canal pilots of the NOK 2 Kiel / Lübeck / Flensburg pilotage are stationed on the lock island at the northern entrance of the Kiel Canal (NOK) . From here they perform pilotage tasks on the canal, off Kiel and Lübeck , as well as in the Flensburg Fjord . The Kiel Canal is the most frequented artificial waterway in the world in terms of the number of ship passages. Ships of a certain size are obliged to have a pilot on board as well as a canal helmsman who takes over the steering of the ship in the canal. The canal helmsmen are also based in Kiel-Holtenau.

The traffic for pedestrians and cyclists on the Kiel channel is performed with the ferry Wik-Holtenau and is long with the 14 meters and 5 meters wide Adler I performed. The vehicle, which can accommodate up to 49 people and around 24 bicycles, transports 3000–4000 passengers daily on the 3-5 minute journey from one bank to the other during the summer months; in winter it is only up to 1000.

See also

Personalities

Holtenau's sons and daughters

Other people associated with Holtenau

photos

  • Kiel-Holtenau lighthouse

  • Locks in Kiel-Holtenau (confluence of the Kiel Canal into the Kiel Fjord)

  • Levensau high bridge around 1900

  • Construction of the Prinz Heinrich Bridge designed by Friedrich Voss, inaugurated in 1912, demolished in 1992

  • Packhouse of the Eider Canal

  • View from the lock bridge

  • Tiessenkai, starting point for many sailing trips

  • Historic buildings on the Tiessenkai

  • Pilot boat Holtenau

  • Pilot boat Holtenau in action

Web links

Commons : Holtenau  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The population in the Kiel districts in 2014 . (PDF) State capital Kiel
  2. ↑ City map of the state capital Kiel. Retrieved May 5, 2020 .
  3. ^ Naval Comradeship Kiel: The Naval City of Kiel by Albert Nitzschke, supplemented by Klaus Schotte ( Memento from March 4, 2010 in the Internet Archive ). Accessed: March 25, 2009
  4. ↑ Markus Oddey: Bombs on Kiel. In: Schleswig-Holsteinischer Heimatbund , magazine, issue 6/2000, p. 8 ff.
  5. ↑ Kiel redevelopment area Holtenau Ost | Development of the MFG 5 site. Retrieved September 15, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Hans-G. Hilscher, Dietrich Bleihöfer: Uhlenhorster way. In: Kiel Street Lexicon. Continued since 2005 by the Office for Building Regulations, Surveying and Geoinformation of the State Capital Kiel, as of February 2017 ( kiel.de ).
  7. ^ Holtenau primary and secondary school, Kiel
  8. ^ School Chronicle ( Memento from August 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ^ Emil-Nolde-Schule, Förderschule, Kiel
  10. ↑ Kindergarten and crèche of the Lernwerft ( memento from July 29, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ↑ The parish of Holtenau. Holtenau info, accessed on March 12, 2020 .
  12. ^ History of Holtenau - The Holtenau cemetery. Retrieved May 4, 2020 .
  13. ↑ danish minority.mdn. Retrieved September 15, 2019 .
  14. ↑ The subsidiary church "Sankt Elisabeth". Holtenau info, accessed on March 12, 2020 .
  15. ↑ Geographical classification of the Kiel Canal in Europe ( Memento from June 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  16. ↑ Which is the most traveled waterway in the world ?, accessed February 9, 2020
  17. ↑ Press release of the Flensburg University of Applied Sciences from September 20, 2013
  18. ↑ Peter Kleinort: With the shoe box across the canal . In: Daily port report from October 6, 2016, p. 14