Jules Hoffmann

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Jules Hoffmann during Nobel Week 2011.

Jules Alphonse Hoffmann (born August 2, 1941 in Echternach , Luxembourg ) is a French biologist of Luxembourg descent and professor at the University of Strasbourg . In 2011 he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine together with Bruce Beutler and Ralph M. Steinman .

Live and act

Hoffmann grew up in Luxembourg. He graduated from the Lycée de Garçons de Luxembourg. From 1961 he studied biology and chemistry at the University of Strasbourg , where he obtained a doctorate in science (docteur ès sciences) from Pierre Joly in 1969 . Since 1964 Hoffmann was also a research assistant at the Center national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS) in Strasbourg, from 1974 as research director.

Hoffmann dealt with insects and their hormones . As a postdoc he went to Peter Karlson at the Philipps University of Marburg . In 1978 Hoffmann succeeded Joly as a professor of zoology and general biology in Strasbourg. In particular, he researched the metabolism of the conversion hormone ecdysone and the immune system of flies , namely the anti-infectives that are synthesized by flies and that are partially activated by a protein called Toll . Similar proteins exist in humans, called toll-like receptors , which play an important role in the immune system's distinction between “self” and “not self” and can bind endotoxins .

In 1978 Hoffmann took over the leadership of the working group "Immune Response and Development in Insects" at the CNRS. In 1994 Hoffmann became director of the Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology of the CNRS, which is located on the campus of the University of Strasbourg. He held this position until 2005. Hoffmann was President of the French Académie des Sciences in 2005/2006 and 2007/2008 , of which he has been a member since 1992.

In 2011 he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine together with Bruce Beutler and Ralph M. Steinman . Hoffmann and Beutler's discoveries about the activation of innate immunity were recognized. Hoffmann and colleagues used the fruit fly ( Drosophila melanogaster ) to demonstrate how the innate defense system against microbes works.

Hoffmann is married and has two children. He has had French citizenship since 1970.

Awards (selection)

Web links

Commons : Jules Hoffmann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stefan HE Kaufmann: Laudation on the occasion of the award of the Robert Koch Prize. November 15, 2004 (PDF, 67 kB) at robert-koch-stiftung.de; accessed on February 28, 2016.
  2. ↑ Jules Hoffmann at interacademycouncil.net; Retrieved February 17, 2011.
  3. ^ J. Hoffmann: Biography (English) - International Foundation Prize Balzan. In: balzan.org. Retrieved February 28, 2016 .
  4. ↑ a b c Jules Hoffmann at academie-sciences.fr; accessed on February 28, 2016.
  5. ↑ a b The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2011 at nobelprize.org, October 3, 2011 (English; accessed October 3, 2011).
  6. ↑ Scientific Background - Activation of the immune system Publication of the Nobel Prize Committee, accessed on March 18, 2015.
  7. ↑ B. Lemaitre, E. Nicolas, L. Michaut, JM Reichhart, JA Hoffmann: The dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette spätzle / Toll / cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila adults . In: Cell. Volume 86, No. 6, September 20, 1996, pp. 973-983.
  8. ↑ Member entry of Jules A. Hoffmann at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on October 12, 2012.
  9. ↑ Book of Members 1780 – present, Chapter H. (PDF; 1.2 MB) In: American Academy of Arts and Sciences (amacad.org). Retrieved April 18, 2018 .
  10. ^ Robert Koch Foundation - Jules A. Hoffmann. In: robert-koch-stiftung.de. Retrieved February 28, 2016 .
  11. ↑ Иностранные члены РАН. In: ras.ru. Retrieved April 18, 2018 .
  12. ^ Bruce Beutler and Jules Hoffmann - International Balzan Prize Foundation. In: balzan.org. November 23, 2007, accessed February 28, 2016 .
  13. ^ Past Winners - Rosenstiel Award - Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center - Brandeis University. In: brandeis.edu. Retrieved January 23, 2016 .
  14. ^ Jules A. Hoffman - Gairdner Foundation. In: gairdner.org. Retrieved April 18, 2018 .
  15. ^ The Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine 2011 at shawprize.org; Retrieved June 8, 2011.
  16. ^ Médaille d'or du CNRS 2011: Jules Hoffmann, biologist, pioneer in l'étude de l'immunité chez les insectes at cnrs.fr; Retrieved September 23, 2011.
personal data
SURNAME Hoffmann, Jules
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hoffmann, Jules A .; Hoffmann, Jules Alphonse
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Luxembourg-French biologist
DATE OF BIRTH August 2, 1941
PLACE OF BIRTH Echternach , Luxembourg