Kâzım Orbay

Kâzım Orbay

Mehmet Kâzım Orbay (born March 11, 1886 in Izmir , † June 3, 1964 in Ankara ) was the third chief of staff of the Turkish Armed Forces and in 1961 President of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey .

Life

Kâzım Orbay was born in Izmir in what was then the Ottoman Empire . He left the military academy in 1904 with the rank of artillery lieutenant. After graduating from the War Academy, he began his army career in 1907 as a staff officer. From 1908 he took part in military training courses in the German Reich , then he was deployed in the Balkan Wars . He was appointed chief adjutant of the War Ministry in the cabinet of the Ottoman Empire and was an employee of Enver Pasha during the First World War . During this time he was delegated to the Niedermayer-Hentig expedition in 1915 as the Turkish representative to the Afghan government, where he presented the declaration of jihad prepared by the Ottoman Sultan to Emir Habibullah Khan . With this declaration, the Ottoman Empire wanted to avoid fratricidal war between the Islamic peoples and persuade Afghanistan to join the coalition of the Central Powers and thus to break with Great Britain and to declare war against British India .

After the defeat of the Ottoman Empire and the subsequent occupation of Turkey by the Allies, Orbay joined the independence movement in Anatolia. During the Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923) he was used from 1920 to 1922 at various command posts of the army on the Eastern Front. He fought in the Caucasus and was at the end of August 1922 in the Greco-Turkish War (1920-1922) involved in the Turkish victory in the Battle of Dumlupinar near Kütahya .

In 1922 he was raised to the rank of general. In 1926 he was appointed lieutenant general and deputy chief of the general staff. In 1928 and 1929 he was Chief of the General Staff in the Kingdom of Afghanistan . After returning to Turkey, he held high-level command posts and was promoted to four-star general in 1935. As a successor to Fevzi Çakmak , he was promoted to the position of Chief of Staff of the Turkish Armed Forces on January 12, 1944 , which he held until July 23, 1946.

After the military coup in 1960 , he was elected to the Senate in 1961 and served as President of the National Assembly from January 9 to October 26, 1961 . He died in Ankara in 1964 and was buried in the Turkish National Cemetery in Ankara. He was married to Enver Pascha's sister . The couple had a son.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Vatan names March 11, 1886, biography.net and kimkimdir.com name the year 1887.
2. ↑ Kimkimdir.com: Biographical information on Orbay (Turkish).

Web links

Commons : Kâzım Orbay  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Short biography of Kazım Orbay on biyografi.net (Turkish)

predecessor	Office	successor
Refik Koraltan	President of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey January 9, 1961–26. October 1961	Fuat Sirmen