Kama (river)
The Kama ( Russian Кама , udmurtisch Кам ) is 1805 km long, left and northeastern and at the same time the largest tributary of the Volga in the European part of Russia and the fifth longest river in Europe.
River course
It rises in the up to 336 m high Upper Kama Upland , the west of Perm are their source located in the village Kuliga in Udmurtia .
First the Kama flows about 200 km to the north. From around the village of Loino , the river flows east for another 200 km before turning south at Tscherdyn . Here the Wischera flows into the Kama. The industrial cities of Solikamsk and Berezniki are on the left bank . Behind Berezniki begins the 1,720 km² large and up to 20 m deep Kama reservoir (Kamskoje), which is dammed near Perm. With around 1 million inhabitants, Perm is the largest city on the Kama and the capital of the administrative region of the same name ( Krai ). In the town of Tchaikovsky the Kama is dammed again, namely to the Votkinsk reservoir . Just below the dam, the closing Nizhnekamsk Reservoir on, in from Bashkiria coming Belaya flows. The lake is dammed near the industrial town of Naberezhnye Chelny , where the KAMAZ company has been producing trucks since 1976 . Downriver the Vyatka joins from the right at Nizhnekamsk .
At Tschistopol in Tatarstan the Kama flows into the Kuibyshev reservoir through which the water of the Volga flows.
The southern Keltma , a left tributary of the Kama, was connected by the 18 km long Katharin Canal, built between 1785 and 1822, with the Northern Keltma , which drains via the Wytschegda into the Northern Dvina , creating a connection between the Caspian and White Seas . However, the canal was only used for 16 years and then largely fell into disrepair.
Reservoirs
On the Kama there are some reservoirs of the Volga-Kama Cascade , of which (seen downstream) these are the largest Kama reservoirs :
- Kamastausee (Kamskoje; Obere Kama) (1,915 km² )
- Votkinsk Reservoir (1,120 km²)
- Nizhnekamsk reservoir (Unterkama reservoir), [2,580 km² (also numbered at 3,490 km²), 45 billion m³]
- Muzzle into: Kuibyshev reservoir (6,450 km², 58 billion m³ )
Localities
On the Kama or a little apart from it are - seen downstream - these larger towns and cities :
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Article Kama in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b Kama in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
- ↑ UNESCO - Kama at Sarapul ( Memento of the original from November 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
