Laibstadt

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Laibstadt
City of Heideck
Coordinates: 49 ° 6 ′ 1 ″  N , 11 ° 7 ′ 54 ″  E
Height : 449 m
Residents : 392  (2012)
Incorporation : May 1, 1978
Postal code : 91180
Area code : 09177
Town view of Laibstadt
Town view of Laibstadt

Laibstadt is part of the municipality of Heideck in the Central Franconian district of Roth . The local corridor is 949 hectares .

location

The village is located one kilometer north of the Franconian Alb in the Thalach Valley below 606.7  m above sea level. NHN high Schlossberg between Rudletzholz and Dannhausen or Aberzhausen and Reuth under Neuhaus . Laibstadt belongs to both the Altmühltal Nature Park and the Franconian Lake District .

history

First settlement

The area around Laibstadt was settled early on, as evidenced by barrows , a Celtic square hill from the late Latène period and a fortified section wall on the Ruppertsberg . The founding of Laibstadt can possibly be traced back to a Thuringian - Germanic splinter group at the end of the migration around 500.

middle Ages

In 1080 "Leibestat" took its first mention in a document by which King Henry IV. The Bishop of Eichstaett Udalrich the hunting ground (d. H. Hunting rights ) over extensive forest areas awarded. 1179 confirmed Pope Alexander III. the cathedral chapter of Eichstätt, among other things, the church in "Laibestadt" as its property; Pope Urban III. repeated this in 1186. Between 1183 and 1195 the Eichstätter Bishop Otto consecrated a church in “Laibestat” . In 1249, Bishop Heinrich IV of Eichstätt incorporated the church in “Laibstat” of the cathedral provost ; a permanent vicar should take care of the service here. In 1278, Burgrave Friedrich von Nürnberg confirmed to the Eichstatter Bishop Hildebrand that among other things "the bailiwick over Laypstat and its accessories" was an episcopal fiefdom in the hands of the noble family of the Heidecker .

Catholic parish church

As a presumably pre-Bonifacic original parish, the place represented a spiritual and cultural center for the whole area, that is, from here the Christianization of this area took place. 22 places belonged to this original parish, namely Liebenstadt (parish before 1458 and own parish), Altenheideck (was parish after Liebenstadt), Heideck (1342 beginning of the pastor's row), Hattenimmern (today Höfen ) (was parish after Heideck), Tautenwind ( was parish to Liebenstadt), Haag (was also parish to Liebenstadt), Rambach (was also parish to Liebenstadt), Laffenau (was parish after Heideck), Schloßberg (1480 named as a branch of Laibstadt; later branch of Heideck), Rudletzholz (1480 named as a branch of Laibstadt; stayed with Laibstadt), Selingstadt (became a branch of Heideck), Hofstetten (parish in 1480 and parish in the new parish of Zell ; changed to Hilpoltstein in 1907), Zell (raised to its own parish in 1480), Aberzhausen ( 1480 own parish; 1665 branch of Zell; 1793/97 exposition of Zell), Kippenwang (stayed with Laibstadt; partly part of Zell, 1799 comparison with Laibstadt), Kolbenreuth (today Kolbenhof ) (sp ater Protestant), Ohlangen (1480 own parish, 1665 branch of Zell), Rabenreuth ( parish to the Zell branch Ohlangen), Dannhausen with Thalmannsfeld (became a Protestant parish; Catholics parish in Pfraunfeld in 1881 ), Bergen (later a Protestant parish village; around 1770 there is only one Catholic house that belongs to the parish of Laibstadt) and Geyern (Catholics parish in Pfraunfeld in 1837). For almost 200 years these wastelands, hamlets and villages were mostly cared for by three clergymen from Laibstadt.

In 1345, when goods were sold to the new monastery in Eichstätt, Ruedolt von Laybstat was named as a local nobility. In 1361 Friedrich von Heideck bought two farms in Laibstadt in the vicinity as part of the family's intensified acquisition policy. In 1415 a source speaks of a Dietz von Leiberstat as a local nobleman. When in 1448 Konrad II von Heideck set up an iron mine in Laibstadt with the help of the city of Nuremberg, two years of armed conflict came about with Margrave Albrecht Achilles of Brandenburg-Ansbach , during which Heideck was conquered and the mine in Laibstadt was filled in. This war for the Laibstädter mine impaired the already fragile financial strength of the gentlemen von Heideck to such an extent that in 1471 they were forced to pledge their land to Bavaria-Landshut .

Modern times

With Heideck, Laibstadt came to the newly established Principality of Pfalz-Neuburg in 1505 after the Landshut War of Succession . When the Heideck nursing office in the Palatinate-Neuburg was pledged to Nuremberg in 1542, the imperial city introduced the Reformation to the entire nursing office in the same year . H. the subjects - in Laibstadt there were 53 in the 16th century - had to accept the Evangelical Lutheran faith . In 1585 the pledge was redeemed by Pfalz-Neuburg, where the Reformation had meanwhile also been introduced. Only after Count Palatine Wolfgang Wilhelm converted to the Catholic faith in 1613, Palatinate-Neuburg was re-Catholicized, in 1626 also the Heideck Nursing Office and thus Laibstadt; Heideck from operated since 1614 acting in the diocese of Eichstaett Jesuits the recatholicization the area. In 1691 the pastor was robbed of his belongings by thieves and therefore applied for the construction of a parsonage. In 1746 the parsonage together with the barn and church tower burned down together with over 40 other buildings, the bells melted. After the tower was restored before 1750, the rectory was rebuilt in 1763. At the end of the Old Kingdom , Laibstadt consisted of 64 subjects (families), of which 61 belonged to the district magistrate Heideck and three to the Löbische Eigenherrschaft Nürnberg; there was a blacksmith's shop, a tavern, a bath, the schoolhouse and the church. Laibstadt was subordinate to the Heideck administration office in the Palatinate-Neuburg region.

Chapel from 1891; in the background the Schloßberg

With the reorganization by Napoleon Bonaparte , the former Palatinate-Neuburgic care office Heideck and thus Laibstadt was incorporated into the new Kingdom of Bavaria in 1806. Here, as before, Laibstadt was a municipality and at the same time a tax district in the Hilpoltstein district office.

In 1820 Laibstadt consisted of 69 properties and thus only five properties more than in the 18th century, in 1875 of 76 properties, in 1904 of 78 and in 1952 of 71 residential buildings. In 1875, 51 horses, 456 head of cattle, 248 sheep and 203 pigs were kept in Laibstadt. In 1900 there were 39 horses, 445 head of cattle, 135 sheep and 269 pigs.

In the course of the regional reform , Laibstadt had to give up its municipal status and was incorporated into Heideck on May 1, 1978. In the same year the Laibstadt elementary school was closed and the schoolhouse was sold. In 1996, Walter Tschöpe, the last village pastor, left the village. In 2009 the city of Heideck closed the last municipal facility in Laibstadt with the kindergarten .

Place name interpretation

Laibstadt possibly got its name from a Thuringian-Germanic clan leader Laibi , so it could be translated as the "home of the Laibi". But it would also be possible that the place name is derived from the old Germanic word laiv (= hill) (see: loaf of bread). Laivstatt would therefore be the "abode on the hill".

Population development

year 1818 1860 1871 1900 1910 1933 1937 1939 1950 1961 1970 1987 2012
population 401 390 406 447 415 404 394 396 464 386 418 392 392

Culture and sights

Mines

In and around Laibstadt there are several mine tunnels that have been professionally constructed. Mines are mentioned in documents at different times. The tunnels run in the Amaltheenton of the Black Jura ; the clay was used to make bricks . A reconstruction of a tunnel section using original beams from 1730/31 has been built at the Thalach crossing (towards Dannhausen).

Architectural monuments

  • Catholic parish church " Mariä Himmelfahrt " ( Gothic tower from 1472, neo-Gothic nave from 1866/67), high altar Madonna from around 1510 by Daniel Mauch , Rococo stone Pieta, three pastor epitaphs from the 18th and 19th centuries, ceiling paintings from Georg Lang
  • Old Town Hall (built in 1876 with the so-called beer pfennig, a special tax)
  • Former school house
  • Meierhof
  • Harrer Estate 58
  • Four chapels at the entrance to the town
  • Wayside shrines for Sankt Rupert and Sankt Anton
  • Celtic square hill
  • Section wall on the Ruppertsberg

Events

  • Summer cellar festival (always on the first Sunday in August)

Sponsorship

Since 1991 a village sponsorship exists with the (almost) eponymous village Leibstadt in Switzerland, known for its nuclear power plant on the Rhine. There are regular visits to the other village.

traffic

The state road St 2389 leads to Aberzhausen or Reuth under Neuhaus. The district road RH 22 / WUG 14 leads to Dannhausen or Rudletzholz.

Personalities

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

  • Norbert Herler u. a .: Laibstadt: A village is changing. Laibstadt, 2001, Heimatverein Laibstadt
  • Norbert Herler: Old views of Laibstadt. Laibstadt, 2011, Heimatverein Laibstadt
  • Laibstadt. In: Felix Mader (editor): The art monuments of Middle Franconia. II. Hilpoltstein District Office. Munich, 1928; Reprinted by R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich and Vienna 1982, pp. 120–124.
  • Albert Struller et al. a .: 900 years of Laibstadt. Laibstadt, 1980, Heimatverein Laibstadt
  • Franz Xaver Buchner: The diocese of Eichstätt. Volume I: Eichstätt 1937, Volume II: Eichstätt 1938
  • Wolfgang Wiessner: Historical Atlas of Bavaria. Part Franconia, series I, issue 24: Hilpoltstein. Munich 1978
  • Parish of Laibstadt. In: On the road together. Churches and parishes in the Roth district and in the city of Schwabach. Schwabach / Roth o. J. [2000], pp. 94-96.

Web links

Commons : Laibstadt  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 33.
  2. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 6.
  3. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 130.
  4. ↑ Michael Lefflad (Ed.): Regesta of the Bishops of Eichstätt, First Department. From 741-1229. Eichstätt 1871, p. 18; Franz Heidingsfelder (arrangement): The regests of the bishops of Eichstätt. Erlangen: Palm & Enke 1938, p. 87 f.
  5. ↑ Heidingsfelder, p. 143 (No. 452), p. 150 f. (No. 473).
  6. ↑ Heidingsfelder, p. 160 (No. 501).
  7. ↑ Heidingsfelder, p. 235 (No. 756).
  8. ↑ Heidingsfelder, p. 277 (No. 901); Histor. Atlas, pp. 97, 151.
  9. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 153.
  10. ↑ Buchner II, p. 95.
  11. ↑ Buchner II, p. 466; Histor. Atlas, p. 164.
  12. ↑ Buchner II, p. 67, Histor. Atlas, p. 166.
  13. ↑ Buchner II, p. 67.
  14. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 67, 813; Histor Atlas, p. 175.
  15. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 67, 813, 817; Histor. Atlas, p. 19.
  16. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 813-815, 818.
  17. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 816, 818.
  18. ↑ Buchner II, p. 68.
  19. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 813 f., 818.
  20. ↑ Buchner II, p. 818.
  21. ↑ Buchner II, p. 368.
  22. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 68, 70.
  23. ↑ Buchner II, p. 368.
  24. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 130.
  25. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 104.
  26. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 130.
  27. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 200.
  28. ↑ Histor. Atlas, pp. 14, 271.
  29. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 177.
  30. ↑ Buchner II, p. 68; Histor. Atlas, p. 159.
  31. ↑ Buchner II, p. 68.
  32. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 221 f.
  33. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 254.
  34. ↑ Histor. Atlas, pp. 33, 254, 271.
  35. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau in Munich (edit.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1876, column 889.
  36. ^ Locations directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical index of locations. Munich 1904, column Sp. 1219.
  37. ↑ a b c Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 733 .
  38. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 14.
  39. ↑ Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkkreis according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 52 ( digitized version ).
  40. ^ Johann Georg Neder: Bavaria. A comprehensive list of places and communities in the Kingdom ... Würzburg 1861, p. 30.
  41. ↑ Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 889 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digital copy ).
  42. ↑ K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1219 ( digitized version ).
  43. ↑ www.ulischubert.de
  44. ↑ Buchner II, p. 70.
  45. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. bay_hilpoltstein.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  46. ↑ Histor. Atlas, p. 254.
  47. ↑ gov.genealogy.net
  48. ↑ Müller's Large German Local Book 2012. Berlin / Boston 2012, p. 788.
  49. ^ Parish of Laibstadt, p. 96.
  50. ↑ Buchner II, pp. 67, 69; Parish of Laibstadt, p. 94 f.
  51. ↑ Salesian spirit for 90 years. In: Eichstätter Kurier of October 13, 2013.