Initial reception facility (Germany)

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Initial reception facility - Jenfelder Moorpark tent camp in Hamburg-Jenfeld

As initial reception , recording device or arrival center according to § 22 Asylum Act (country recording device) or according to the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees were in Germany, the official contact points and accommodation for asylum seekers referred to the need to visit first this to there their asylum application to provide.

In Bavaria, all initial reception facilities were renamed " anchor centers " in 2018 .

Distribution of asylum seekers

Refugees and asylum seekers are first registered in the initial reception facility, which is assigned to a branch of the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF). The allocation of a refugee or migrant to a certain initial reception facility takes into account the reception rate calculated by the EASY EDP ​​system (initial distribution of asylum seekers) for a certain federal state and the asylum seeker's country of origin. According to § 14 AsylG , they are obliged to submit their asylum application to the branch office of the BAMF that is assigned to the initial reception facility assigned to them by EASY.

The initial entry in the EASY computer system is the starting point of the asylum procedure for refugees and migrants. For the country to which the refugee is assigned, the initial registration is the basis for further distribution.

Within a federal state there is no binding quota for the distribution of asylum seekers. The Baden-Württemberg city of Heidelberg , which belongs to the district of the Karlsruhe regional council, had to accommodate more refugees than the other three regional councils of Stuttgart, Freiburg and Tübingen combined (as of September 2015).

After several months, the refugees are assigned to an independent city or district based on a quota system. Often refugees ask to be accommodated wherever possible where relatives already live. Accommodation then usually takes place in refugee accommodation , but there is also the concept of decentralized accommodation ( Leverkusen model ).

The recording process

In the initial reception facility assigned by EASY, the migrants and refugees are first registered by the facility operator. Various registration systems allow, among other things, a personal check of the occupancy in the reception facilities. After registration, ID cards are issued to the asylum seekers.

The reception facilities - Section 22 of the Asylum Act refers to initial reception facilities simply as reception facilities - often have medical care facilities, canteens and dormitories for many people, as well as a branch of the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees (BAMF) from a size of 500 places .

Health examinations prescribed by federal law must be carried out before or shortly after admission to the initial reception center ( Section 62 AsylG, Section 36 IfSG). It is an examination for communicable diseases including an x-ray of the respiratory organs, whereby in the case of pregnancy the x-ray should not be taken and a medical certificate should be presented instead ( Section 36 (4) IfSG).

Social and health situation

In view of the refugee crisis , the Federal Cabinet passed a legislative package on September 29, 2015, which, among other things, stipulates that cash payments, including pocket money, are largely replaced by benefits in kind in the initial reception facilities . Another regulation enables refugees from the Western Balkans to stay in the initial reception centers for up to six months - and thus for the entire duration of the asylum procedure. The federal and state governments also agreed to create 150,000 initial admission places.

classes

In the federal states of Bavaria and Rhineland-Palatinate there have been legal education classes for refugees since January 2016 . These classes, which are intended to facilitate the integration of asylum seekers, also take place in initial reception centers.

Medical supplies

There are sometimes bottlenecks in the medical care of the refugees. For this reason, refugees who are qualified as doctors or nurses have been working in a hospital near the initial reception facility in Neumünster since mid-October 2015 in the medical care of refugees and also provide language support as part of a limited model project. They are recruited from refugees and newcomers already in the country; Only those who have a good chance of being recognized as refugees can be selected. The administrative acts required for the work permit are accelerated. With the Asylum Procedure Acceleration Act passed on October 20, 2015 and entered into force on October 24, 2015 , Section 90 AsylG was amended to the effect that - for a limited time until October 24, 2017 - under certain conditions asylum seekers who have completed training as a doctor, could be authorized to practice medicine temporarily so that they can support doctors in the medical care of asylum seekers. The activity may or was only allowed to be carried out under the responsibility of a doctor and only in reception facilities according to § 44 or collective accommodation according to § 53 AsylG.

Controversy over non-governmental organizations

Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) refer to the European Reception Directive, according to which all EU states are obliged to grant NGO advisors access to asylum seekers in order to also enter initial reception facilities. The state of Bavaria announced at the beginning of 2018 that activists of such groups would no longer be allowed to gain access to initial reception facilities on the grounds that they had to protect the privacy of the residents. The counseling could continue to be offered outside the facilities. The activists then announced a lawsuit against the Free State of Bavaria.

List of initial reception centers

In Germany, the following initial reception facilities exist, including the makeshift facilities established in 2015:

Baden-Württemberg

In addition, so-called needs-based initial reception facilities

Bavaria
Berlin
Hamburg
  • in the parking lot of the HSV stadium on Schnackenburgallee
  • Alte Post in Harburger Poststrasse
  • a former school in Wilhelmsburg
Hesse
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Lower Saxony

The Lower Saxony State Reception Authority (LAB NI) with the locations and branch offices

  • Friedland transit camp
  • in Bramsche
  • in Braunschweig
  • in Langenhagen
  • in Lüneburg
  • in Oldenburg (Lower Saxony The country lists in occupancy status for early 2017 Oldenburg as regular reception center.)
  • (in Ehra-Lessien initially emergency accommodation, from New Year 2016 LAB-NI, LAB-NI does not name the location at the end of September 2016)
  • in Osnabrück (since January 2016, operator: DIOS and subsidiaries)
  • in Fallingbostel / Oerbke (first arrival center )

At the beginning of 2017, several hundred refugees were accommodated in each of the six initial reception centers in Friedland, Bramsche, Braunschweig, Oldenburg, Osnabrück and Fallingbostel (together with their branch offices), a total of 2,907 people. A year earlier there had been around ten times as many (together with our own and municipal emergency shelters).

North Rhine-Westphalia
Rhineland-Palatinate
  • Reception facility for asylum seekers (AfA) Trier (since May 1992)
  • AfA Ingelheim (since July 2015, previously since June 2013 branch of AfA Trier)
  • AfA Birkenfeld (since September 2015)
  • AfA Diez (since September 2015)
  • AfA Kusel (since October 2015, previously since September 2015 branch of AfA Trier)
  • AfA branch in Meisenheim (since October 2015)
  • AfA Hermeskeil (since November 2015, previously since August 2015 branch of AfA Trier)
  • at Layenhof in Mainz (since November 2015, branch of AfA Ingelheim)
Saxony

As of June 2018, initial reception centers are in operation in the following locations:

The DRK Saxony , Malteser Werke , Malteser Hilfsdienst and Johanniter Unfallhilfe are involved .

Saxony-Anhalt
  • Central contact point for asylum seekers (ZASt) in Halberstadt
  • Temporary State Reception Facility (LAE) for asylum seekers, Klietz site (Bundeswehr site)
  • Temporary state reception center (LAE) for asylum seekers, Magdeburg location
  • Temporary State Reception Center (LAE) for asylum seekers, Halle site (from September 2015)

Further:

  • Bundeswehr location Altengrabow
Schleswig-Holstein
Thuringia

In the second half of 2016, all Thuringian reception centers except those in Gera and Suhl were closed. From March 2017, all newly arriving refugees will initially be registered in Gera and, depending on the capacity of the facility, may be forwarded to Suhl. In March 2020, the Suhl initial reception facility was quarantined due to the COVID-19 pandemic .

Amendment planned in the 2018 coalition agreement

The coalition agreement of 2018 stipulates that asylum applications will be processed in "central reception, decision-making and return facilities in which the BAMF, BA, youth welfare offices, the judiciary, immigration authorities and others work hand in hand". In the AnKER facilities - arrival, decision, communal distribution or repatriation (AnKER) - the identity should first be determined . Overall, the duration of an adult's stay there should generally not exceed 18 months, for families with underage children usually six months, and the accommodation should be gender and youth friendly.

In August 2018, all existing initial reception facilities and transit centers in Bavaria were renamed "anchor centers".

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ s. Fingerprints - thousands of refugees not yet recorded. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ), April 29, 2017 (2nd paragraph).
  2. ↑ [1]
  3. ↑ Döbeln's refugees appear again. sächsische.de , November 27, 2015.
  4. ↑ Reiner Burger / Rüdiger Soldt: Registration of refugees. Authorities in manual operation . Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . October 10, 2015. Retrieved November 29, 2015
  5. ^ Heidelberg: Even more refugees in the Patrick-Henry-Village . rnf.de. September 14, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  6. ↑ a b c What happens after arrival? . proasyl.de. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  7. ^ The way to asylum in Germany . mdr.de. July 26, 2015. Archived from the original on September 30, 2016. Retrieved on September 29, 2016.
  8. ↑ Döbeln's refugees appear again. sächsische.de , November 27, 2015.
  9. ↑ Branch office of the BAMF opened in Ellwangen . bamf.de. May 6, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  10. ↑ Federal Office opens branch office in new reception facility in Manching . bamf.de. September 1, 2015. Accessed October 25, 2015.
  11. ↑ Refugee crisis: Cabinet adopts new asylum law. Spiegel, September 29, 2015, accessed September 29, 2015 .
  12. ↑ German-Syrian medical team heads the refugee ambulance. Hamburger Abendblatt, October 19, 2015, accessed on October 19, 2015 .
  13. ↑ Neumünster: Clinic rushes forward with refugee care. DoctorsZeitung, September 3, 2015, accessed on September 25, 2015 .
  14. ^ Neumünster: Clinic wants to employ refugees. NDR.de, August 28, 2015, archived from the original on August 29, 2015 ; Retrieved September 25, 2015 .
  15. ↑ Bernd Kastner and Inga Rahmsdorf: "Bavaria tightens measures against newly arrived refugees" Süddeutsche Zeitung of February 8, 2017
  16. ↑ State initial reception facility for refugees in Ellwangen presented . baden-wuerttemberg.de. May 6, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  17. ↑ dpa: Land is reducing reception capacities for new asylum seekers. Badische Zeitung, November 16, 2016, accessed on February 13, 2019 .
  18. ↑ Capacities of the BEAs and LEAs almost exhausted , Badische Zeitung, September 7, 2015.
  19. ^ Minister of Science Bauer: Heidelberg should take in more refugees , Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung, September 12, 2015.
  20. ↑ Initial reception facility now in operation . fnweb.de. October 16, 2015. Retrieved January 5, 2016.
  21. ↑ Reception facility Upper Franconia (as of June 4, 2018)
  22. ↑ Reception facility overcrowded: Refugees move to the Deggendorf ice stadium . br.de. June 22, 2015. Archived from the original on October 17, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  23. ↑ Asylum seekers: Why the situation in Donauwörth is so tense Augsburger Allgemeine February 13, 2018
  24. ↑ Reception facility: Schweinfurt creates space for 820 refugees . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung , July 29, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015. 
  25. ↑ Refugees protest in the initial reception facility . In: FOCUS Online . September 1, 2015. Accessed October 25, 2015.
  26. ^ Lower Saxony State Reception Authority . In: www.lab.niedersachsen.de. Retrieved December 4, 2015 .
  27. ^ Reception facility (EAE) for asylum seekers . caritasfriedland.de. Archived from the original on September 9, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  28. ↑ a b Occupancy | Refugees in Lower Saxony. Retrieved March 7, 2017 .
  29. ↑ Wolfsburger Allgemeine Zeitung, Aller Zeitung, Wolfsburg, Lower Saxony, Germany: Gifhorn / Lessien - Reception camp: increase to 1200 refugees. In: www.waz-online.de. Retrieved February 17, 2016 .
  30. ↑ Ehra-Lessien in the Gifhorn district becomes another location for the initial reception of refugees | Nds. Ministry of the Interior and Sport. In: www.mi.niedersachsen.de. Retrieved December 4, 2015 .
  31. ↑ Locations of the Lower Saxony State Reception Authority | Lower Saxony State Reception Authority. In: www.lab.niedersachsen.de. Retrieved September 30, 2016 .
  32. ↑ Osnabrück site | Lower Saxony State Reception Authority. In: www.lab.niedersachsen.de. Retrieved February 17, 2016 .
  33. ↑ DIOS starts with a service. In: Diakoniewerk Osnabrück. Archived from the original on February 17, 2016 ; Retrieved on February 17, 2016 (Diakoniewerk Osnabrück, Diakonisches Werk in Stadt und Landkreis Osnabrück (DIOS, holding company), Evangelische Jugendhilfe Osnabrück).
  34. ↑ Welcome - Refugee House Osnabrück. In: www.fluechtlingshaus-osnabrueck.de. Retrieved February 17, 2016 .
  35. ↑ Kutel initial reception facility . essen.de. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  36. ^ Siegen-Wittgenstein district: Refugees in Siegen-Wittgenstein / Siegen-Wittgenstein district. In: www.siegen-wittgenstein.de. Retrieved May 30, 2016 .
  37. ↑ Landesdirektion Sachsen: Initial admission of asylum seekers in Saxony on lds.sachsen.de , accessed on June 7, 2018.
  38. ↑ Refugees and Asylum: The Most Important Questions and Answers . chemnitz.de. Archived from the original on October 27, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  39. ↑ Help for initial reception facilities (EAE) on asylinfo.sachsen.de , accessed on June 7, 2018.
  40. ↑ a b Where could the refugees find shelter? . mdr.de. September 9, 2015. Archived from the original on October 23, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  41. ↑ Anke Schleusner-Reinfeldt: Refugees: Space for 700 people in Klietz . volksstimme.de. September 11, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  42. ↑ Press release no .: 582/2015 - State government adopts resolutions on the subject of asylum . presse.sachsen-anhalt.de. October 20, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  43. ↑ Press release no .: 062/2015 - Forecast for refugee numbers: Saxony-Anhalt is assuming more than 30,000 asylum seekers for 2015 . presse.sachsen-anhalt.de. October 1, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  44. ↑ Another initial reception facility for 800 refugees in the north . In: FOCUS Online . August 13, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
  45. ↑ Ostholsteiner Anzeiger : Putlos: First admission documented in no time at all , September 9, 2015
  46. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Committed to human dignity . Thuringian State Chancellery. Accessed December 31, 2015.
  47. ^ Report in Zeit-Online, Hamburg, November 26, 2016
  48. ↑ According to information from the initial reception centers Gera (tel. Null171 vier916610) and Suhl (tel. Null3681 vier524617) on March 7, 2017
  49. ↑ mdr.de: Thuringia: Coronavirus in the initial reception facility - 500 people in quarantine | MDR.DE. Retrieved March 16, 2020 .
  50. ↑ A new departure for Europe. A new dynamic for Germany. A new cohesion for our country. In: coalition agreement between CDU, CSU and SPD, 19th legislative period. Retrieved March 30, 2018 . Pp. 107-108.
  51. ↑ Accommodation for refugees: initial reception, transit center or anchor center? In: sonntagsblatt.de. September 9, 2018, accessed August 29, 2019 .