List of countries by foreign exchange reserves

The following list of countries according to foreign exchange reserves sorts countries according to the currency or foreign exchange reserves they hold . Such reserves are in most cases held by central banks and can exist in the form of gold , various currencies or in the form of illiquid assets.

List of countries by foreign exchange reserves

rank	country	Foreign exchange reserves (in millions of US dollars )	time
1	People's Republic of China	3,105,000	October 2019
2	Japan	1,324,468	October 2019
-	Europe ( Eurosystem )	921.279	November 2019
3	Switzerland	835.187	September 2019
4th	Russia	540.100	November 2019
5	Saudi Arabia	506,400	July 2018
6th	Taiwan	472,480	October 2019
7th	India	448.249	November 2019
8th	Hong Kong	438,685	September 2019
9	South Korea	401.100	August 2018
10	Brazil	376.434	September 2019
11	Singapore	288.044	June 2018
12	Thailand	249,498	January 2018
13	Germany	199,858	October 2019
14th	Mexico	182.915	September 2019
15th	United Kingdom	179,385	October 2019
16	France	169.005	October 2019
17th	Italy	164.992	June 2019
18th	Czech Republic	147.099	October 2019
19th	Iran	132,600	December 31, 2017
20th	United States	128,883	October 2019
21st	Indonesia	126,694	October 2019
22nd	Poland	121.901	October 2019
23	Israel	115,459	September 2018
24	Malaysia	104,500	July 31, 2018
25th	United Arab Emirates	101.191	September 2019
26th	Turkey	101.113	September 2019
27	Algeria	88,609	June 2018
28	Philippines	85,834	October 2019
29	Canada	85,600	December 31, 2017
-	Europe ( ECB )	80.292	February 2018
30th	Libya	69,350	December 31, 2017
31	Denmark	68,900	December 31, 2017
32	Peru	64,290	January 2018
33	Vietnam	63,000	May 2018
34	Sweden	57,497	September 2019
35	Australia	58,676	March 2018
36	South Africa	54,855	September 2019
37	Spain	54,155	March 2016
38	Lebanon	53,100	December 31, 2017
39	Argentina	51,950	March 2017
40	Iraq	47.020	December 31, 2017
41	Colombia	52,570	October 2019
42	Egypt	44,459	September 2018
43	Norway	42,965	October 2017
44	Azerbaijan	41,187	June 30, 2017
45	Nigeria	40,550	October 2019
46	Netherlands	40,393	April 2016
47	Romania	40,148	April 2016
48	Chile	39,553	March 2016
49	Bangladesh	33,406	June 2017
50	Kuwait	33,130	December 31, 2017
51	Hungary	31,367	March 2016
52	Kazakhstan	30,500	November 1, 2016
53	Belgium	24,861	March 2016
54	Austria	24,758	March 2016
55	Bulgaria	24,318	March 2016
56	Qatar	24,030	July 2017
57	Morocco	23,927	February 2016
58	Portugal	21,328	March 2016
59	Turkmenistan	20,600	December 31, 2017
60	Oman	19,960	December 31, 2017
61	Pakistan	16,369	September 2018
62	Macau	19,330	October 2016
63	Angola	18,100	December 31, 2017
64	Ukraine	17,175	1st May 2017
65	New Zealand	16,770	March 2016
66	Jordan	16,387	February 2016
67	Uzbekistan	16,000	December 31, 2017
68	Uruguay	14,377	February 2016
69	Croatia	14.307	February 2016
70	Kenya	13,169	August 2019
71	Bolivia	12,818	January 2016
72	Cuba	12,800	December 31, 2017
73	Cambodia	11,290	December 31, 2017
74	Serbia	10,790	December 31, 2017
75	Finland	10,413	March 2016
76	Trinidad and Tobago	8,660	December 31, 2017
77	Myanmar	5,032	December 31, 2017
78	Nepal	8,668	December 31, 2017
79	Venezuela	8,451	September 2018
80	North Korea	8,000	November 2013
81	Costa Rica	7,784	February 2016
82	Guatemala	7,658	March 2016
83	Ghana	7,555	December 31, 2017
84	Paraguay	7,504	December 31, 2017
85	Botswana	7,476	December 31, 2017
86	Afghanistan	7,405	December 31, 2017
87	Greece	6,893	December 31, 2017
88	Tunisia	6,714	February 2016
89	Dominican Republic	6,459	March 2017
90	Sri Lanka	6.225	March 2016
91	Iceland	6.140	December 31, 2017
92	Bosnia and Herzegovina	5,370	December 31, 2017
93	Belarus	5,059	December 31, 2017
94	Ivory Coast	4,688	December 31, 2017
95	Mauritius	4,498	March 2016
96	Tanzania	4.174	December 31, 2017
97	Panama	3,888	December 31, 2017
98	Honduras	3,755	March 2016
99	Latvia	3,520	March 2016
100	Brunei	3,366	2015
101	Ireland	3,347	March 2016
102	Albania	3,188	March 2016
103	Ethiopia	3,174	December 31, 2017
104	El Salvador	3,172	March 2016
105	Uganda	3,045	December 31, 2017
106	Slovakia	2,879	January 2016
107	Georgia	2,760	October 2016
108	Jamaica	2,740	February 2016
109	Nicaragua	2,520	April 2016
110	Ecuador	2,451	December 31, 2017
111	North Macedonia	2,480	February 2016
112	Zambia	2,426	December 31, 2017
113	Cameroon	2,357	December 31, 2017
114	Moldova	2,300	December 31, 2017
115	Mozambique	2,193	December 31, 2017
116	Bahrain	2,166	December 31, 2017
117	Haiti	2,044	December 31, 2017
118	Namibia	1,949	December 31, 2017
119	Kyrgyzstan	1,944	October 2016
120	Armenia	1,839	October 2016
121	Papua New Guinea	1,800	December 31, 2017
122	Curacao	1,791	2015
123	Madagascar	1,372	December 31, 2017
124	Lithuania	1,227	April 2016
125	Bhutan	1.103	2015
126	Luxembourg	1,077	March 2016
127	Niger	1,039	2015
128	Mongolia	1,039	October 2016
129	Rwanda	1,026	December 31, 2017
130	Laos	990	December 31, 2017
131	Mauritania	969	2012
132	Fiji	967	December 31, 2017
133	Bahamas	922	December 31, 2017
134	Lesotho	983	December 31, 2017
135	Kosovo	684	December 31, 2017
136	Cyprus	889	March 2016
137	Slovenia	870	April 2016
138	Gabon	835	December 31, 2017
139	Aruba	816	2015
140	Republic of the Congo	813	December 31, 2017
141	Malawi	765	December 31, 2017
142	Montenegro	734	2015
143	Malta	671	March 2016
144	Tajikistan	642	December 31, 2017
145	Mali	624	2015
146	Sierra Leone	621	2015
147	Guyana	608	December 31, 2017
148	Cape Verde	589	December 31, 2017
149	Swaziland	577	December 31, 2017
150	Maldives	576	2015
151	Seychelles	555	March 2016
152	Liberia	523	2015
153	Solomon Islands	520	2015
154	Sudan	505	December 31, 2017
155	Estonia	494	March 2016
156	Democratic Republic of Congo	445	December 31, 2017
157	East Timor	438	2015
158	Suriname	424	December 31, 2017
159	Syria	407	December 31, 2017
160	San Marino	392	2014
161	Zimbabwe	374	December 31, 2017
162	Belize	368	December 31, 2017
163	Djibouti	365	2015
164	Antigua and Barbuda	356	2015
165	Burkina Faso	333	December 31, 2016
166	Guinea-Bissau	332	2015
167	St. Lucia	318	2015
168	Palestine	313	December 31, 2017
169	St. Kitts and Nevis	288	2015
170	Vanuatu	251	December 31, 2016
171	Yemen	245	December 31, 2017
172	Guinea	244	December 31, 2016
173	Eritrea	237	December 31, 2017
174	South Sudan	230	2015
175	Togo	215	December 31, 2017
176	Central African Republic	214	2015
177	Barbados	205	December 31, 2017
178	Comoros	201	2015
179	Grenada	198	2015
180	Tonga	181	December 31, 2016
181	St. Vincent and the Grenadines	165	December 31, 2016
182	Senegal	152	December 31, 2017
183	Equatorial Guinea	150	December 31, 2017
184	Samoa	139	December 31, 2015
185	Micronesia	135	2015
186	Dominica	100	December 31, 2016
187	Burundi	79	December 31, 2017
188	Chad	74	December 31, 2017
189	Sao Tome and Principe	68	December 31, 2016
190	Benin	60	December 31, 2017
191	Montserrat	49	December 31, 2016
192	Somalia	30th	2014
193	Gambia	23	December 31, 2017
194	Kiribati	8th	December 31, 2015

List of countries by foreign exchange and gold reserves

The following list provides an overview of the top 30 countries according to the combined value of all foreign currency and gold reserves . The source is the World Bank .

rank	country	Foreign exchange reserves (in millions of US dollars )	time
1	People's Republic of China	3,235,681	2017
2	Japan	1,264,141	2017
3	Switzerland	811.031	2017
4th	Saudi Arabia	547.261	2016
5	United States	451.285	2017
6th	Russia	432.731	2017
7th	India	412,614	2017
8th	South Korea	388,805	2017
9	Brazil	373,956	2017
10	Singapore	285,000	2017
11	Thailand	202,538	2017
12	Germany	199.983	2017
13	Mexico	175.469	2017
14th	France	156,322	2017
15th	Italy	151.120	2017
16	United Kingdom	150,858	2017
17th	Czech Republic	147.976	2017
18th	Indonesia	130.215	2017
19th	Poland	113.267	2017
20th	Israel	113.010	2017
21st	Turkey	107,657	2017
22nd	Algeria	104,853	2017
23	Malaysia	102,447	2017
24	United Arab Emirates	95,378	2017
25th	Canada	86,678	2017
26th	Philippines	81,414	2017
27	Libya	79,418	2017
28	Denmark	75,244	2017
29	Spain	69,400	2017
30th	Australia	66,598	2017

Reserve currencies by importance

Reserve currencies used internationally (figures in percent) (4th quarter of the year)

	1970	1980	1990	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019
USD	77.2	67.2	62.8	70.5	70.7	66.5	65.8	65.9	66.4	65.5	64.1	64.1	62.1	61.8	62.2	61.2	61.0	63.3	64.1	63.9	62.7	61.7	60.9
EUR	-	-	-	-	17.9	24.2	25.3	24.9	24.3	25.1	26.3	26.4	27.6	26.0	25.0	24.2	24.4	21.9	19.7	19.7	20.2	20.7	20.6
DEM	1.9	14.8	19.8	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
JPY	-	0.1	4.6	9.4	5.2	4.5	4.1	3.9	3.7	3.1	2.9	3.1	2.9	3.7	3.5	4.0	3.8	3.9	4.0	4.2	4.9	5.2	5.7
GBP	10.4	2.9	2.4	2.8	2.7	2.9	2.6	3.3	3.6	4.4	4.7	4.0	4.3	3.9	3.8	4.0	4.0	3.8	4.9	4.4	4.5	4.4	4.6
FRF	1.1	1.7	2.7	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
CHF	0.7	3.2	0.8	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
other	8.7	5.9	4.9	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.9	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8	2.2	3.1	4.4	5.3	5.8	6.5	6.8	6.7	7.6	7.6	7.8	8.0
Sources: 1970–1984: BIS : The evolution of reserve currency diversification, December 1986, p. 7, Tab. 1 (English) 1995–2016: IMF : Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves 1999–2005 (absolute figures only): ECB : The Accumulation of Foreign Reserves , Occasional Paper Series, No. 43 2017–2019: IMF: World Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves

Individual evidence

1. ↑ China Foreign Exchange Reserves | 2019 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast. Retrieved November 23, 2019 . 
2. ↑ HOME> International Policy> Statistics> International Reserves / Foreign Currency Liquidity . Ministry of Finance Japan.
3. ↑ European Central Bank: Eurosystem: 09/2019. Retrieved November 23, 2019 . 
4. ^ Swiss National Bank
5. ↑ International Reserves of the Russian Federation, Weekly values ​​| Bank of Russia
6. ↑ Reuters Editorial: Saudi foreign reserves rise for third straight month . Retrieved July 17, 2018.
7. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db} The World Factbook: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold . Central Intelligence Agency .
8. ↑ Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) - Foreign Exchange Reserves ( including gold) .
9. ^ | Weekly Statistical Supplement, Reserve Bank of India
10. ↑ Hong Kong Monetary Authority - Hong Kong's Latest Foreign Currency Reserve Assets Figures Released ( en-US )
11. ↑ Bank of Korea - Official Foreign Reserves ( Memento of the original dated September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
12. ↑ International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity - KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
13. ^ Banco Central do Brasil
14. ↑ IMF - Brazil
15. ↑ Monetary Authority of Singapore ─ International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity
16. ^ IMF - Thailand
17. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated February 6, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
18. ↑ IMF - Germany
19. ↑ Banco de México. Data Template on International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity
20. ^ IMF - Mexico
21. ^ IMF - United Kingdom
22. ^ IMF - France
23. ^ IMF - Italy
24. ↑ ČNB . Retrieved July 17, 2018.
25. ^ US International Reserve Position
26. ^ IMF - United States
27. ^ Economic and Financial Data for Indonesia . Retrieved September 11, 2018.
28. ^ IMF - Poland
29. ↑ Foreign Exchange Reserves in the Bank of Israel, June 2017, Boi, June 7, 2017
30. ↑ International Reserves of Bank Negara Malaysia as of July 31, 2018 . August 7, 2018. Retrieved August 8, 2018.
31. ^ IMF - Turkey
32. ↑ http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/central-bank-gross-fx-reserves-at-20-month-high--.aspx?pageID=238&nID=106258&NewsCatID=345
33. ^ Algeria Foreign Exchange Reserves | 2019 | Data | Chart | Calendar. Retrieved November 23, 2019 . 
34. ↑ Welcome to the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas website! . Retrieved July 17, 2018.
35. ↑ Philippines Foreign Exchange Reserves | 2019 | Data | Chart | Calendar. Retrieved November 23, 2019 . 
36. ^ IMF - European Central Bank
37. ↑ IMF - Denmark
38. ↑ CENTRAL RESERVE BANK OF PERU. RESERVE MANAGEMENT STATISTICS . www.bcrp.gob.pe. Retrieved July 24, 2018.
39. ↑ [1]
40. ^ IMF - Sweden
41. ^ IMF - Australia
42. ^ IMF - South Africa
43. ↑ IMF - Spain
44. ^ IMF - Argentina
45. ^ IMF - Colombia
46. ^ Egypt Foreign Exchange Reserves | 2003-2018 | Data | Chart | Calendar. Retrieved October 27, 2018 . 
47. ^ Statistick Norway. International reserves and foreign liquidity
48. ^ IMF - Norway
49. ↑ http://en.cbar.az/infoblocks/money_reserve_usd
50. ↑ Nigeria Foreign Exchange Reserves | 2019 | Data | Chart | Calendar. Retrieved November 23, 2019 . 
51. ↑ Gross reserves value from 30 day moving Average page on Central Bank of Nigeria's website
52. ^ IMF - Netherlands
53. ^ IMF - Romania
54. ^ IMF - Chile
55. ↑ Bangladesh Bank (Central Bank of Bangladesh)
56. ^ IMF - Hungary
57. ^ IMF - Kazakhstan
58. ^ National Bank of Kazakhstan
59. ^ International Reserves and Assets of the National Oil Fund of Republic of Kazakhstan
60. ↑ IMF - Belgium
61. ^ IMF - Austria
62. ↑ IMF - Bulgaria
63. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q} Time Series Data on International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity. Official Reserve Assets
64. ^ IMF - Morocco
65. ^ IMF - Portugal
66. ↑ Pakistan Foreign Exchange Reserves | 1998-2018 | Data | Chart | Calendar. Retrieved October 27, 2018 . 
67. ↑ MONETARY AUTHORITY OF MACAO
68. ↑ Резервы НБУ выросли до $ 17,175 млрд
69. ^ IMF - New Zealand
70. ^ IMF - Jordan
71. ^ IMF - Uruguay
72. ^ IMF - Croatia
73. ↑ Kenya Foreign Exchange Reserves | 2019 | Data | Chart | Calendar | Forecast. Retrieved November 23, 2019 . 
74. ^ IMF - Bolivia
75. ↑ IMF - Finland
76. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap} Total reserves (includes gold, current U.S$)
77. ↑ Venezuela Foreign Exchange Reserves | 1962-2018 | Data | Chart | Calendar. Retrieved October 27, 2018 . 
78. ↑ Северная Корея распродает золотой запас
79. ^ IMF - Costa Rica
80. ^ IMF - Guatemala
81. ^ IMF - Tunisia
82. ↑ Central Bank of the Dominican Republic ( Memento of the original dated December 12, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
83. ^ IMF - Sri Lanka
84. ^ IMF - Mauritius
85. ^ IMF - Honduras
86. ^ IMF - Latvia
87. ^ IMF - Ireland
88. ^ IMF - Albania
89. ^ IMF - El Salvador
90. ^ IMF - Slovak Republic
91. ^ IMF - Georgia
92. ^ National Bank of Georgia. Statistical data. Official Reserve Assets
93. ^ IMF - Jamaica
94. ^ IMF - Nicaragua
95. ^ IMF - Macedonia
96. ^ IMF - Kyrgyz Republic
97. ↑ Кыргыз Республикасынын Улуттук банкы. Gross international reserves
98. ^ IMF - Armenia, Republic of
99. ^ Central Bank of Armenia. Database
100. ^ Central Bank of Armenia. Data template on International reserves and foreign currency liquidity
101. ^ IMF - Lithuania
102. ^ IMF - Luxembourg
103. ^ "Bank of Mongolia Statistics"
104. ^ IMF - Cyprus
105. ^ IMF - Slovenia
106. ^ IMF - Malta
107. ^ IMF - Seychelles
108. ^ IMF - Estonia
109. ↑ Total reserves (includes gold, current US $) | Data. Retrieved May 10, 2018 (American English).