List of stumbling blocks in Oslo-Sagene

Stumbling blocks in Oslo-Sagene

The list of stumbling blocks in Oslo-Sagene lists all stumbling blocks in the district (Bydel) Sagene , one of the inner city districts of the Norwegian capital Oslo . Stumbling blocks remind of the fate of the people who were murdered, deported, expelled or driven to suicide by the National Socialists . The Stolpersteine ​​were designed by the German artist Gunter Demnig and are mostly laid by himself. As a rule, the stumbling blocks are in front of the last self-chosen place of residence of the victim. Stumbling blocks are called snublesteiner in Norwegian .

The stumbling blocks of this district are dedicated exclusively to Jewish operas. The first relocations in Oslo took place in 2010.

Holocaust in Norway

The Grini Police Detention Center at the beginning of the 1940s

Norway was occupied by German troops from April 9, 1940 to May 8, 1945. At that time there were around 2,100 Jewish Norwegians and refugees from Central Europe in the country. Of these, around a thousand people were able to save themselves to neutral and unoccupied Sweden. Immediately after the German troops marched in, smear campaigns against Jews and the Aryanization in Norway began . Step by step, the Jews in the country were robbed of all their belongings. The first mass arrests took place in late autumn 1942. On November 26, 1942, the Norwegian police and Gestapo handed over 532 Norwegian Jews (302 men, 188 women and 42 children) to the SS. They came to Stettin on a cargo ship from Norddeutsche Lloyd , the Danube , and from there they were deported in cattle wagons to the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. 346 of them, including all women and children, were murdered in the gas chambers immediately upon arrival on December 1, 1942. 186 men survived the selection and were tattooed with the numbers 79064 to 79249. Only nine of them were able to survive the Shoah . On February 25, another 158 Jews were shipped to Stettin on the Gotenland and brought to Auschwitz via Berlin. 28 men were classified as fit for work, the others murdered immediately. This happened on March 3, 1943.

Stumbling blocks in Sagene

By the end of 2019, ten stumbling blocks had been laid at three addresses in Sagene .

Stumbling block	translation	Location	Life
	BERNHARD KRUPP LIVED HERE BORN 1916 DEPORTED 1942 AUSCHWITZ KILLED January 12, 1943	Pontoppidans gate 13B	Bernhard Krupp was born in Oslo on March 23, 1916. He was one of seven children of Moses Krupp (1885-1943) and Mina, nee Becker (1882-1932), who immigrated to Norway in 1905. Bernhard Krupp learned the trade of plumber and was - like his older brother Hermann (born 1913) - a passionate amateur bridge player. On October 26, 1942, he was arrested by the Norwegian State Police and interned in Bredtveit prison in Oslo. Two days later he was taken to the Berg prison camp near Tønsberg. On November 26, 1942, he was deported to Stettin on the Danube cargo ship and from there to the Auschwitz extermination camp . Bernhard Krupp lost his life there on January 12, 1943. His father and four of his siblings were also murdered by the Nazi regime in Auschwitz. The stumbling blocks for his brother Isak (1905), his wife and son are in the Ullern district (Oslo-West). A stumbling block was laid for his brother Leopold (1911) in the Frogner district.
	HERMANN KRUPP LIVED HERE BORN 1913 DEPORTED 1942 AUSCHWITZ KILLED 30.12.1942	Pontoppidans gate 13B	Hermann Krupp was born on January 1, 1913 in Oslo as one of seven children of Moses and Mina Krupp. His parents and the oldest brother Isak came to Norway in 1905. Like two of his brothers, Leopold and Israel Krupp, Hermann was also very involved in sports in the 1930s. He was unmarried and worked as a tailor. On October 26, 1942, Hermann Krupp was arrested by the Norwegian state police and imprisoned in Bredtveit prison in Oslo. Two days later he was taken to the Berg prison camp near Tønsberg. On November 26, 1942, he was deported to Stettin on the Danube cargo ship and from there to the Auschwitz extermination camp. Hermann Krupp was murdered in Auschwitz on December 30, 1942. His father and four of his siblings were also murdered by the Nazi regime in Auschwitz. Stumbling blocks for his brother Isak (1905) and his family are in the Ullern district (Oslo-West), a stumbling block for his brother Leopold (1911) was laid in the Frogner district, the stumbling blocks for sister Sara Weinstock and her family are in Nordre Aker. The Shoah could only survive a brother and a sister, Isak and Sofie, who managed to escape to Sweden in November 1942nd
	MOSES KRUPP LIVED HERE BORN 1885 DEPORTED 1943 AUSCHWITZ KILLED 3.3.1943	Pontoppidans gate 13B	Moses Krupp was born in Latzkowa , Lithuania, in 1885 . In 1904 he married Mina, née Becker (1882–1932). The couple had seven children. The first son, Isak, was born in Germany in 1905. In the same year the family moved to Norway, where the other children were born: Israel (1908), Sara (1909), Leopold (1911), Herman (1913), Bernhard (1916) and Sofie (1919). On June 23, 1941, as a stateless Jew, he was arrested and imprisoned in the Grini police detention center . He was released three weeks later. The second arrest took place on October 26, 1942, when he was locked up by the Norwegian state police in Bredtveit prison in Oslo. Two days later he was taken to the Berg prison camp near Tønsberg. On December 10, 1942, he came back to Bredtveit. From there he was deported on February 25, 1943 with the troop ship Göteborg. Moses Krupp arrived in Auschwitz on March 3, 1943 and was murdered in a gas chamber shortly after his arrival. Five of his children were arrested and on November 26, 1942, deported to Stettin on the Danube cargo ship and from there to Auschwitz in cattle wagons. Sara Krupp and her little daughter Jenny (1938) were murdered in a gas chamber immediately after their arrival. Hermann Krupp was murdered on December 30, 1942, Leopold and Bernhard on January 12, 1943 and Isaac on January 22, 1943. By the time Moses Krupp was deported to Auschwitz in February 1943, all five deported children had already been murdered. His son-in-law Joseph Weinstock, widower of the murdered Sara, and daughter-in-law Rachel, wife of Isak Krupp, and their little son Jan Larry 'Lasse', born in 1942, were also murdered in Auschwitz. His son Israel, his wife Lilly, their children Per Manne and daughter Sofie managed to save themselves to Sweden. At least ten stumbling blocks were laid for him and his family members in the various districts of Oslo.
	HERE LIVED ANNA LEVINSON BORN 1919 deported in 1943 AUSCHWITZ KILLED 01/12/1942	Stockfleths gate 49	Anna Levinson was born in Oslo on October 14, 1919. Her parents were Solomon Levinson and Jette Johanne Levinson, both of whom came from Latvia and immigrated in 1915. She had five siblings, was unmarried and worked as a seamstress. She was arrested in the early morning of November 26, 1942 and on the same day deported to Stettin with her parents, her sister Dina (born 1924) and the two brothers on the Danube cargo ship . From there the family was deported to Auschwitz in cattle wagons . Immediately after arriving on December 1, 1942, Anna Levinson was murdered in the gas chambers together with her sister and her parents. The two brothers, Simon (born 1913) and Herman (born 1918), were assigned to forced labor. They too lost their lives in Auschwitz due to the barbaric prison and working conditions. Two sisters survived: Ester (born in 1912, married Selikowitz) was able to flee to Sweden with her family. Jenny (born 1921, married Wulff) had become a British citizen through her marriage. She was deported to Germany on February 15, 1943 and subsequently to Vittel in France. She also survived the Shoah .
	HERE LIVED DINA ROSA LEVINSON BORN 1924 deported in 1943 AUSCHWITZ KILLED 01/12/1942	Stockfleths gate 49	Dina Rosa Levinson was born in Oslo on January 4, 1924, the youngest child of Solomon Levinson and Jette Johanne Levinson, both of whom came from Latvia and immigrated in 1915. She had five siblings, was unmarried, and worked as a factory worker. She was arrested in the early morning of November 26, 1942 and on the same day deported to Stettin with her parents, her sister Anna (born 1919) and the two brothers on the Danube cargo ship . From there the family was taken to Auschwitz in cattle wagons . Immediately after arriving on December 1, 1942, Dina Rosa Levinson was murdered in the gas chambers together with her sister and her parents. The two brothers, Simon (born 1913) and Herman (born 1918), who were assigned to forced labor, also perished in Auschwitz. Her sister Ester (born 1912, married Selikowitz) was able to flee to Sweden with her family. The eldest sister, Jenny (born 1921, married Wulff), had become a British citizen through her marriage. She was deported to Germany on February 15, 1943 and subsequently to Vittel in France. She too survived the Shoah.
	HERE LIVED HERMAN LEVINSON BORN 1918 deported in 1943 AUSCHWITZ KILLED 01/18/1943	Stockfleths gate 49	Herman Levinson was born on January 8, 1918 to Solomon Levinson and Jette Johanne Levinson. His parents were from Latvia and came to Norway in 1915. He had an older brother, Simon, and four sisters. Herman Levinson was a carpenter by trade and was unmarried. On October 26, 1942, he and his brother were arrested and first imprisoned in Bredtveit Prison, then in the Berg internment camp. From there they were deported on November 26th, 1942 with the cargo ship Donau . His parents and two of his sisters, Anna and Dina, were also on the ship. All six family members were transported from Stettin to the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp . The brothers survived the selection at the ramp, their parents and his two sisters were murdered in the gas chambers immediately upon arrival on December 1, 1942. Herman Levinson was also murdered in Auschwitz on January 18, 1943. His brother also lost his life in Auschwitz, but the date of his death is unknown. Two of his sisters were able to survive the Shoah , Ester and her family in exile in Sweden, and Jette in a camp in France after deportation to Germany.
	HERE LIVED JETTE JOHANNE LEVINSON BORN 1887 deported in 1943 AUSCHWITZ KILLED 01/12/1942	Stockfleths gate 49	Jette Johanne Levinson was born on January 31, 1887 in Riga , Latvia. She was married to Salomon Levinson (born 1889). The couple went via Sweden to Norway, where the two oldest children were born, Ester (1912 in Stockholm) and Simon Mauritz (1913 in Malmö). In 1915 the Levinsons reached Norway. Four more children were born there: Herman (born 1918), Anna (born 1919), Jenny (born 1921) and Dina Rosa (born 1924). On November 26, 1942, Jette Levinsohn was arrested and, together with her husband and four of her children, deported to Stettin on the Danube cargo ship . From there the family was deported to Auschwitz in cattle wagons . Immediately after arriving on December 1, 1942, Jette Johanne Levinson was murdered in the gas chambers together with her husband and daughters Anna and Dina. Her two sons Simon and Herman, who were assigned to forced labor, also perished in Auschwitz. Her daughter Ester (married Selikowitz) was able to flee to Sweden with her family. The eldest daughter Jenny (married Wulff) had become a British citizen through her marriage. She was deported to Germany on February 15, 1943 and subsequently to Vittel in France. She too survived the Shoah.
	SALOMON LEVINSON LIVED HERE BORN 1889 DEPORTED 1943 AUSCHWITZ KILLED 1.12.1942	Stockfleths gate 49	Salomon Levinson was born on August 15, 1889 in Riga, Latvia. He married Jette Johanna Levinson. The couple went via Sweden to Norway, where the two oldest children were born, Ester (1912 in Stockholm) and Simon Mauritz (1913 in Malmö). In 1915 the Levinsons reached Norway. Four more children were born there: Herman (born 1918), Anna (born 1919), Jenny (born 1921) and Dina Rosa (born 1924). Salomon worked as a plumber. His first arrest took place in 1941, as he was considered a stateless Jew, and was released three weeks later. He was arrested again on October 29, 1942 and was interned in Bredtveit prison in Oslo. From there he was deported to Stettin on November 26, 1942, along with his wife and four of his children on the Danube cargo ship . The family was deported to Auschwitz in cattle wagons . Immediately after arriving on December 1, 1942, Salomon Levinson was murdered in the gas chambers together with his friend and daughters Anna and Dina. His two sons Simon and Herman, who were assigned to forced labor, also perished in Auschwitz. His daughter Ester (married Selikowitz) was able to flee to Sweden with her family. The eldest daughter Jenny (married Wulff) had become a British citizen through her marriage. She was deported to Germany on February 15, 1943 and subsequently to Vittel in France. She too survived the Shoah.
	HERE LIVED SIMON Mauritz LEVINSON BORN 1913 deported in 1942 AUSCHWITZ KILLED DEATH TIME OF UNKNOWN	Stockfleths gate 49	Simon Mauritz Levinson was born on June 27, 1913 in Malmö to Solomon Levinson and Jette Johanne Levinson. His parents were from Latvia and came to Norway in 1915. He had a younger brother, Herman, and four sisters. Herman Levinson worked as a warehouse keeper and was unmarried. On October 26, 1942, he and his brother were arrested and first imprisoned in Bredtveit Prison, then in the Berg internment camp. From there they were deported on November 26th, 1942 with the cargo ship Donau . His parents and two of his sisters, Anna and Dina, were also on the ship. All six family members were transported from Stettin to the Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp . The brothers survived the selection at the ramp, their parents and his two sisters were murdered in the gas chambers immediately upon arrival on December 1, 1942. Herman Levinson, his brother, was murdered in Auschwitz on January 18, 1943. Simon Mauritz Levinson also lost his life in Auschwitz, but the date of his death is unknown. Two of his sisters were able to survive the Shoah , Ester and her family in exile in Sweden, and Jette in a camp in France after deportation to Germany.
	MARKUS STIRIS LIVED HERE BORN 1922 DEPORTED 1942 AUSCHWITZ KILLED JAN. 1943	Pontoppidans gate 11B	Markus Stiris was born in Oslo on April 10, 1922. He was the youngest child of Jacob Stiris and Dora, née Kirschner, who came from Skuodas , Lithuania. He had at least one older brother, Gabriel (born 1920). He graduated from secondary and commercial school with top marks and then worked as an office clerk. He was considered extroverted and very athletic and was a member of the Spartacus team. When all male Jews in Oslo were arrested on October 26, 1942, he evaded arrest. The next day, however, he feared reprisals against his mother, he surrendered to the police and was immediately taken to Bredtveit Prison and the next day to the Berg internment camp. On November 26, 1942, Markus Stiris was deported to Stettin on the Danube cargo ship and from there to the Auschwitz extermination camp in a cattle wagon . Markus Stiris lost his life there in January 1943. Parents and brother managed to flee to Sweden in December 1942 and survived.

Web links

Commons : Stolpersteine ​​in Oslo-Sagene  - Collection of images

• Chronicle of the laying of the stumbling blocks on the website of Gunter Demnig's project

Individual evidence

1. ^ Danuta Czech : Calendar of the events in the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp 1939–1945 . Rowohlt Verlag, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1989, ISBN 3-498-00884-6 , p. 347
2. ↑ Astrid Hygen Meyer: Aldri mer November 26th. In: klassekampen.no. Jødisk Museum Oslo, accessed April 28, 2020 . 
3. ^ Israel Gutman, Eberhard Jäckel, Peter Longerich, Julius H. Schoeps (eds.): Encyclopedia of the Holocaust - the persecution and murder of the European Jews. 2nd Edition. Piper, Munich / Zurich, April 1998, ISBN 3-492-22700-7 , B. II, pp. 1013-1016, keyword: Norway
4. ↑ Snublestein.no: BERNHARD KRUPP , accessed on May 12, 2020
5. ↑ Yad Vashem : BERNHARD KRUPP , based on the Death Books from Auschwitz , accessed on May 12, 2020
6. ↑ Snublestein.no: HERMANN KRUPP , accessed on May 12, 2020
7. ↑ Snublestein.no: MOSES KRUPP , accessed on May 12, 2020
8. ↑ Snublestein.no: ANNA LEVINSON , accessed on May 12, 2020
9. ↑ Snublestein.no: DINA ROSA LEVINSON , accessed on May 12, 2020
10. ↑ Snublestein.no: HERMAN LEVINSON , accessed on May 12, 2020
11. ↑ Snublestein.no: JETTE JOHANNE LEVINSON , accessed on May 12, 2020
12. ↑ Snublestein.no: SALOMON LEVINSON , accessed on May 12, 2020
13. ↑ Snublestein.no: SIMON MAURITZ LEVINSON , accessed on May 12, 2020
14. ↑ Snublestein.no: MARKUS STIRIS , accessed on May 12, 2020
15. ↑ Markus Stiris , accessed on May 15, 2020

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