List of stumbling blocks in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region

Stumbling blocks in Cluny

The list of stumbling blocks in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region contains the stumbling blocks in the French region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté . They remind of the fate of the people who were murdered, deported, expelled or driven to suicide by the National Socialists . The stumbling blocks were laid by Gunter Demnig . As a rule, they are in front of the victim's last self-chosen place of residence.

Deportations in France

From June 1, 1942, Jews in France were also forced to wear the yellow star . From August 1941 to August 1944, the Drancy assembly camp existed on the Île-de-France , northeast of Paris. Nine out of ten Jews who were deported from France during the Holocaust were interned in Drancy for at least a few days. At least 76,134 people of Jewish origin from France were murdered by the German Nazi regime as part of the Holocaust . 75,611 were deported to the extermination camps in the east, of which only 2,577 survived. The others have already been shot, beaten to death or otherwise killed in the internment camps in France. → Main article: Chronology of the Vichy government's collaboration on the Holocaust

Project "Matricule 35494"

The Lycée La Prat's in the municipality of Cluny started an educational project on contemporary history with the title “Matricule 35494” in autumn 2015 . Under the guidance of several teachers, 40 students worked on the subjects of deportation , the Holocaust and the Resistance . They visited memorials and museums such as the Center d'histoire de la Résistance et de la Déportation in Lyon, the Mémorial de la Shoah in Paris, the Maison d'Izieu and the Montluc prison . They met contemporary witnesses and historians, including the resistance fighter and historian Jean Nallit (born 1923) as well as Beate and Serge Klarsfeld , researched the life stories of the Oferman-Rotbart family from Cluny and conducted interviews with survivors. Another focus of the project was the processing of the life story of Marie-Louise Zimberlin (born 1889), a teacher at the Lycée La Prat's in Cluny and resistance fighter, who was arrested on February 15, 1944 during class and then sent to the Ravensbrück and Buchenwald concentration camps was deported. Shortly before the fall of the Nazi regime, she was brought to safety by one of the Folke Bernadotte's white buses , but died on April 13, 1945 as a result of her concentration camp imprisonment on her way home on French soil in Annemasse .

The results of the project were presented to the public from February 27, 2016 as part of a Semaine de l'Histoire et de la Mémoire and documented on the Matricule 35494 website . At the end of the week of remembrance, Gunter Demnig laid five stumbling blocks in front of the Oferman-Rotbart family's last common residence on March 6, 2016.

Stumbling blocks in Cluny

The table is partially sortable; the basic sorting is done alphabetically according to the family name.

image	inscription	Location	Name, life
	ANNETTE OFERMAN GEB. LIVED HERE Rescued from hiding in 1927	4 Rue Prud'hon	Annette Oferman , actually Chana , was born on February 21, 1927 in Puławy , Lublin Voivodeship . Her parents were Jakob Oferman (born 1893, later called Jacques, see below) and Glika Bajgelman, his first wife. Annette had a brother, Lejbus, later named Léon (born on February 7, 1922 in Puławy). Her father went to Paris. In 1929 his wife and children followed. When her parents separated, Annette stayed with her father. The brother, however, stayed with the mother. After the outbreak of the Second World War , she went with her stepmother Fanny Rotbart (see below) to Septfonds , where the father was stationed. The three of them returned to Paris in September 1940, but the increasing persecution of the Jews by the German occupiers made life a torture. The father went to the Free Zone and then lived in Cluny. Her half-sister Claudine Rotbart (see below) was born in December 1941. In the spring of 1942 Annette, Fanny Rotbart and Claudine were able to come to Cluny. The family lived there with Joseph Rotbart, Fanny's brother. From October 1942 she attended the convent school of St Joseph des Récollets, where the sisters wanted her to convert. Joseph Rotbart was arrested in February 1943, and her father was arrested in February 1944. After Fanny Rotbart was arrested, Annette Oferman looked after her half-sister and placed her in a religious institution in Mâcon. Then she went to Paris. In spring 1944 she got her sister and brought her to the Château de Lamberval . After the liberation of Paris , she found her mother Glika in Paris. She had also survived the Holocaust. During the liberation celebrations on the Champs-Elysées, she met Jean-Pierre Radiguet, a student from Cluny, her future husband. The three men in the family, Jacques and Léon Oferman and Joseph Rotbart, were all deported to concentration camps and murdered by the Nazi regime. Fanny Rotbart was able to survive Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen. Annette Oferman became a furrier, married in 1947 and from then on lived in Paris. In April 1980, she forwarded reports of the murder of her father and brother to Yad Vashem . She fell ill and died in the early 2000s.
	HERE LIVED JACQUES OFERMAN GEB. 1896 ARRESTED 02/27/1944 DEPORTED 1944 AUSCHWITZ MURDERED 04/21/1945 BERGEN-BELSEN	4 Rue Prud'hon	Jacques Oferman was born Jakob Oferman on July 21, 1896 in Warsaw . He had ten siblings and grew up in a traditional Jewish family. He left school early and then completed an apprenticeship as a tailor. On February 3, 1919, he married Glika Bajgelman. The couple had a son and a daughter: Lejbus (born on February 14, 1922) and Chana (born on February 21, 1927), see above as Annette. Both children were born in Puławy in the Lublin Voivodeship . In May 1928 Jakob Oferman decided to emigrate to France, mainly because of the anti-Semitic climate in his home country. In March 1929 he brought his family to join them and they moved into an apartment in Vincennes . The family tried to be fully integrated, as a result of which Jakob became Jacques, Lejbus Léon and the daughter called herself Annette. Jacques Oferman was interested in literature and art, went to the theater and the opera. In 1938 the couple separated due to the infidelity of Jacques. The daughter stayed with the father, the son with the mother. One of Jacques Oferman's employees placed his daughter, Fanny Rotbart (see below), with him, and they became a couple. After the outbreak of World War II , he joined the Foreign Legion and was stationed in a barracks in Tarn-et-Garonne . Fanny and his daughter Annette rented a room nearby and he was regularly given out to visit them. After his demobilization in September 1940, the family returned to Paris. His daughter Claudine Rotbart (see below) was born in December 1941. Jacques Oferman went to the so-called Free Zone, was arrested, but was then allowed to settle in Cluny . In the spring of 1942 Annette, Fanny Rotbart and the baby were able to come to Cluny. The family lived there with Joseph Rotbart, Fanny's brother. On November 9, 1942, his son Léon was arrested in Paris. Since he had communist leaflets with him, he was sentenced to twelve months in prison. Before his sentence had expired, on September 2, 1943, he was deported to Auschwitz and murdered. Jacques' letters to his son point to the modest living conditions of the Ofermans in Cluny. In November 1942, after the Germans invaded the so-called Free Zone, living conditions for Jews deteriorated. Joseph Rotbart was arrested in February 1943, and Jacques Oferman in February 1944, presumably on the basis of a denunciation of a former lover. He was detained in Montluc Prison in Lyon, where he was interrogated by Klaus Barbie's thugs. On March 21, 1944, he was transferred to the Drancy assembly camp. There he met his partner and friends. Together they were deported to Auschwitz on March 27, 1944 on the same train . Fanny Rotbart and Jaques Oferman saw each other here for the last time. Upon arrival, they were assigned to various work units, Jacques Oferman to the Golleschau subcamp , where he had to work in a cement factory. He must have been transferred to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp at an unknown time . On April 15, 1945 he was released from there after liberation by British troops. His return was announced in a newspaper, but Jacques Oferman died probably weakened by typhus and the conditions of detention on April 21 in Bergen-Belsen. It is unknown where he was buried. The divorced wife, partner and both daughters were able to survive the Holocaust . His son Léon, his partner Marie Goldfarb and their daughter Claudine (born 1943) were all murdered in Auschwitz. The daughter reported the death of her father and brother under the name Chana Radiguet in April 1980. She was then living in Boulogne-Billancourt .
	HERE LIVED CLAUDINE ROTBART GEB. Rescued from hiding in 1941	4 Rue Prud'hon	Claudine Rotbart was born in Paris on December 13, 1941 . She was the daughter of Jacques Oferman (see above) and Fanny Rotbart (see below). Her father was present during the birth, but it was her half-sister Annette Oferman who announced her birth to the authorities. In March 1942 she fled with her mother and half-sister to the so-called free zone, not occupied by German troops. The escape of the three was adventurous, first during the day 15-year-old Annette and the baby hid in a basket crossed the demarcation line, at night the mother followed, then the father came in a taxi from Cluny , where he had an apartment on the rue Prud'hon had rented and was bringing his family. Her father was arrested on February 27, 1944, and her mother on March 3, 1944. Both were deported to Auschwitz. Resistance fighters from Cluny hid and supported the two girls, a neighbor, Madame Lemière, saved them from arrest and deportation. Annette brought little Claudine to Mâcon and handed her over to nuns there. Annette then sounded out the situation with relatives in Paris and found a safe place for herself and her little sister. She picked Claudine up again and the two found shelter at the Château de Lamberval, around fifty kilometers north of Paris. Annette's cousins ​​Mouny, Suzy and Rachel Szwarckopf were already there. Four months after the liberation of Paris, on December 26, 1944, Claudine was picked up by her aunt Anjka and then given to a Jewish children's home in Les Andelys . Her aunt visited her regularly until her mother returned from the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in June 1945 . The girl didn't recognize her. The father died in Bergen-Belsen. During her mother's convalescence stay in Switzerland, Claudine lived with foster parents in Aubonne, where her mother visited her every week. Then both returned to Paris. In 1947 her mother married Abraham Heilikman, who together with his mother took care of Claudine's upbringing. Claudine Rotbart later married, had two children, was divorced, and remarried. In autumn 2015 she lived in Gap in the Hautes-Alpes department .
	HERE LIVED FANNY ROTBART GEB. IN 1917 ARRESTED 3/3/1944 DEPORTED IN 1944 AUSCHWITZ RELEASED	4 Rue Prud'hon	Fanny Rotbart , actually Fajga , was born on June 15, 1917 in Grójec . Her parents were Chaïm Abram Rotbart (born 1893), assistant to the rabbi, and Hudesa, née Jamer (also born in 1893), who ran a grocery store. Fanny had three siblings: Chaja (born 1916), Bajla (born 1919) and Joseph (born 1922, see below). As a child she had to experience anti-Semitic attacks. For example, a young man cut off her grandfather's beard and shouted: “Dirty Jew, go back to Palestine!” The nuclear family decided to emigrate and in 1929 the father went to Paris first. Probably two years later, the mother and four children followed. Nobody in the family spoke French. The family found an apartment at 33 rue de Flandres and ran a grocery store on rue du Maroc in the 19th arrondissement . Fanny worked with her older sister as a poorly paid seamstress. She was housed with her father's boss, Jacques Oferman (born 1896, see above). The two became a couple, despite the age difference and although Jacques Ofermans was already married and had children, including Annette (born in 1927). Her partner was well off and made it possible for her to stay at the Hauteville sanatorium in 1938, because she suffered from her lungs. After the outbreak of World War II , Oferman joined the Foreign Legion . Fanny took care of his daughter, both of them moved to the place where Jacques Oferman worked in Septfonds . In September 1940 the three returned to Paris. Fanny Rotbart gave birth to their daughter Claudine on December 13, 1941 (see above). The increasing persecution of Jews by the German occupiers made life a torture. Oferman went to the Free Zone and was arrested. After he was likely to prove that he was wealthy, he was released but had to stay in Cluny . In April or May 1942, Fanny and her two daughters Annette and Claudine also went to the free zone. For the trip out of Paris, Fanny Rotbart had to raise the sum of 7,000 francs. In the free zone, Oferman was waiting in a taxi. The family of four lived in a small apartment on Rue Prud'hon in Cluny, and later Fanny's brother joined them. Fanny Rotbart's parents and sisters were arrested on July 16, 1942 in Paris during the Rafle du Vélodrome d'Hiver and deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp . They were all murdered by the Nazi regime. During a hospital stay, her brother Joseph was arrested on February 20, 1943 and deported to the Majdanek extermination camp . He did not survive the Shoah either. Due to the denunciation of another lover, Jacques Oferman was arrested on February 27, 1944 together with his friend Zac, imprisoned in Montluc prison, and finally deported to Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen, where on April 21, 1945 he suffered the consequences of his concentration camp imprisonment died. Fanny was looking for a monastery that could look after her little daughter Claudine, but was arrested on March 4, 1944 at the Cluny train station when she was about to go to Mâcon . She too was first imprisoned in Montluc prison, then transferred to the Drancy assembly camp and finally deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp . She had to do forced labor here. After five months she was transferred to the Ravensbrück concentration camp , where she was assigned to work in a munitions factory in Malchow. As the liberators approached, an SS man shot several women. She saved herself with the words “Listen to me, let me live. The war is over, I have a child at home. ”She returned to Paris, found her daughter Claudine, who no longer recognized her mother, Fanny Rotbart had suffered too much physically. She came to Switzerland for treatment. After returning to Paris, she married in 1947. Fanny Rotbart died in 2005.
	HERE LIVED JOSEPH ROTBART GEB. 1922 ARRESTED 02/20/1943 DEPORTED 1943 MAJDANEK MURDERED MARCH 1943	4 Rue Prud'hon	Joseph Rotbart was born in Grójec on August 26, 1922 . His father, Chaïm Abram Rotbart, came from the town of Wyśmierzyce and was the son of Icek Rotbart and Malka, nee Lajfer. His mother, Hudesa (née Jamer), came from Grójec and, like his father, was born in 1893. Joseph had three older sisters: Chaja (born 1916), Fajga (also called Fanny, born 1917, see above), and Bajla (1919). In 1929 the father emigrated to Paris, followed two years later by the entire family, who found accommodation in an apartment at 33 rue de Flandres. Joseph Rotbart was arrested on May 14, 1941 during the Rafle du billet vert and taken to the camp in Beaune-la-Rolande . He had to do forced labor on farms. On February 19, 1942 he managed to escape, first to Paris, then to his sister Fanny, who had lived in Cluny with her partner, daughter and stepdaughter since the spring of 1942 . He suffered from the consequences of internment and was therefore admitted to the Mâcon hospital in January 1943 . During his stay in hospital, he was arrested on February 20, 1943, taken to the Drancy assembly camp, and on March 4, 1943, with Transport 50, he was deported to the Majdanek extermination camp . He did not survive the Shoah . Father, mother and the sisters Bajla and Chaya were all arrested on July 16, 1942 in the framework of the Rafle du Vélodrome d'Hiver and on July 22, 1942 deported from Drancy to the Auschwitz concentration camp . They were murdered by the Nazi regime.

Remarks

1. ^ Matricule ( French registration number ) 35494 was the prisoner number of Marie-Louise Zimberlin.
2. ↑ French term for the mass arrests of foreign Jews under the Vichy regime by the French police on May 14, 1941.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ The calculations are based on Beate Klarsfeld , Serge Klarsfeld : Le Memorial de la deportation des juifs de France. Paris 1978, quoted here. after Juliane Wetzel : France and Belgium, in Wolfgang Benz (ed.): Dimension des Genölkermord , The number of Jewish victims of National Socialism, dtv Munich 1996, ISBN 3-423-04690-2 , p. 127.
2. ↑ Memorial book for the victims of the Ravensbrück concentration camp 1939-1945 , ed. Ravensbrück memorial site, Metropol Verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 978-3936411751 , p. 694
3. ↑ Heroines of the Resistance: " Marie-Louise" Zim "Zimberlin (-1945) ", accessed on March 15, 2018
4. ↑ clunisois.fr: '' Hommage à ML Zimberlin '', accessed on March 16, 2018
5. ↑ La "Zim", Matricule 35494 "Mémoire et responsabilités" (presentation of the Lycée La Prat and the city of Cluny, 2016, pdf), accessed on May 14, 2018
6. ↑ Cinq “Stolpersteine” à Cluny , Cluny TV, March 20, 2016
7. ↑ ^{a b c} Karinne Rullière: Portrait Lejbus (Léon) Oferman , Matricule 35494, February 23, 2016, accessed on May 9, 2018
8. ↑ ^{a b} Louise Goujon: Portrait Annette Oferman , Projekt Matricule 35494, February 21, 2016, accessed on May 7, 2018 (with a portrait)
9. ↑ ^{a b c} Jasmine Denogent: Portrait Jakob (Jacques) Oferman: Varsovie, Paris, Cluny, Auschwitz , Projekt Matricule 35494, February 18, 2016, accessed on May 9, 2018 (with a portrait of the murdered man)
10. ↑ ^{a b c} The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names : JOSEPH ROTBARD , accessed April 2, 2018
11. ↑ ^{a b c} Rivka Benzazon: Portrait Fanny Rotbart , Project Matricule 35494, accessed on May 3, 2018
12. ^ Yad Vashem : Reports by Chana Radiguet , accessed on May 9, 2018
13. ↑ ^{a b} Claire Weymuller, Karinne Rullière: Portrait Claudine Rotbart, cachée, sauvée , Projekt Matricule 35494, February 20, 2016, accessed on May 10, 2018 (with three portraits as an infant)
14. ↑ ^{a b c} The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names: CHAIM ROTBARD , accessed April 2, 2018
15. ↑ ^{a b c} The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names: HUDSA ROTBARD , accessed April 2, 2018
16. ↑ ^{a b} The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names: CHAYA RORBARD , accessed April 2, 2018
17. ^ ^{A b} The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names: BAJLA RORBARD , accessed April 2, 2018
18. ^ The Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names: Jacob Oferman , accessed May 3, 2018
19. ^ Louise Goujon: Portrait Joseph Rotbart , Projekt Matricule 35494, accessed on April 2, 2018

Web links

Commons : Stumbling Blocks in Cluny  - Collection of Images

• Stolpersteine.eu , Demnig's website

See also

• List of places with stumbling blocks

 Map with all coordinates: OSM | WikiMap