Ludiano

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Ludiano
Ludiano coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of TicinoCanton of Ticino Ticino (TI)
District : Blenio districtw
Circle : Malvaglia district
Municipality : Serravallei2
Postal code : 6721
former BFS no. : 5040
Coordinates : 717 886  /  142069 coordinates: 46 ° 25 '11 "  N , 8 ° 58' 20"  O ; CH1903:  717886  /  142069
Height : 466  m above sea level M.
Area : 6.2  km²
Residents: 355 (December 31, 2011)
Population density : 57 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.serravalle.ch
View of Ludiano from the east

View of Ludiano from the east

map
Ludiano (Switzerland)
Ludiano
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Parish before the merger on March 31, 2012
Brenno River at Ludiano-Motto

Until March 31, 2012, Ludiano was a municipality in the Malvaglia district , in the Blenio district of the canton of Ticino in Switzerland . On April 1, 2012, it merged with Malvaglia and Semione to form the new municipality of Serravalle .

geography

Ludiano is located in the lower Blenio valley on the western bank of the Brenno . Neighboring villages, clockwise from the north, are the Motto settlement belonging to the municipality of Acquarossa , the districts of Malvaglia and Semione , and Sobrio in the Leventina district .

The municipality of Serravalle in the Ludiano area consists, to the west, of wooded and gently sloping mountain slopes to the 2172 meter high Mátro and the 2417 meter high Pizzo Erra . The peaks of Cima di Piancabella and Cima di Gana Bianca , towering in the north-east in front of Ludiano, reach heights of 2671 and 2842 meters respectively above sea level. Pizzo Muncréch in the south-east, at 2252 meters, and the peaks of Pizzo Magn at 2329 meters and Pizzo Masnàn at 2505 meters in the south, near Biasca , complete the landscape. Geologically, in this part of the Lepontine Alps , granitoids that have been converted to gneiss dominate , although they are popularly referred to as granite .

Ludiano has its own summer pastures on the western mountain slope, near the Selvapiana ( Sülapièna ) fraction at 679 m , and between the two local churches of San Secondo and San Pietro over an approximately 500-meter-long and 250-meter-wide pasture zone in the Traversé and March districts. It is the only flat agricultural zone in town that has been cleared of boulders. On the southern edge of the village, which is not suitable for any other use because of the rocky terrain, there are several small vineyards in the Ganna district .

Forest

The original mountain forest on the western mountain slope consists of 69% red fir , 22% larch , and 9% of chestnut , beech and birch . The deciduous forests dominate up to about 1000 meters above sea level. Mixed forests join at altitudes between 1000 and 1300 meters. Coniferous forests dominate from 1300 meters. Most of the deciduous trees are coppice . Even before the municipal merger with Semione and Malvaglia, the forest was jointly managed by the so-called patriziati ( local citizens' communities ) of the then independent municipalities of Ludiano, Semione and Corzoneso . After the forest had suffered severely from overexploitation at the beginning of the 20th century and in the crisis years that followed, the municipalities involved decided between 1946 and 1952 to introduce a forest system based on the goal of sustainability. Between 1972 and 1990 a 25.6 km long forest road network was laid out for this purpose.

traffic

Ludiano is connected via a bridge in the north on the highway through the Bleniotal connected, from Biasca with the highway A2 is connected. In a southerly direction the former canton road leads to the neighboring village of Semione and from there, as a winding hillside road, also to Biasca. To the north it is possible to drive on the Lukmanier Pass , for which the road and climatic conditions must be taken into account.

The Autolinee Bleniesi SA bus line 132, which only runs during peak times, ensures that the village population is provided with public transport services. At the bridge from Ludiano to Motto is the stop of the bus route 131, which runs every hour to Biasca or Olivone .

history

Iron Age grave goods were discovered in the municipal area in 1926. The village was first mentioned in documents in 1211 under the name of Luguilano at the time . Until at least around 1100 the majority of the village population settled in the Selvapiana ( Sülapièna ) fraction above today's Ludiano . The settlement, which was left to decay in the 20th century, had around 300 inhabitants in its heyday. Ludiano was located in the immediate vicinity of Serravalle Castle , which is a little lower down and whose fortifications, around 900 meters south of the town center, towered over the former floodplain of the Brenno river.

The parish church of San Secondo, located centrally on a slight hill, named after the martyr San Secondo d'Asti , was first mentioned in 1293. The Romanesque bell tower still partially exists from this first sacred building . On the foundations of the first church building, today's early classical building was built between 1779 and 1785 . A holy water font made of green serpentine , which is dated to the year 1618, and a reliquary from 1696, were used in the redesign of the interior. Around 1800 the interior work was continued with paintings and stucco work by the painter Lorenzo Peretti Senior (1774–1851) , who came from Buttogno in the Valle Vigezzo , and was completed in 1825 with the installation of a likewise classical marble main altar .

His first of five visits to the Tre Valli (Blenio Valley, Leventina, Riviera ) between 1567 and 1582 brought Cardinal Carlo Borromeo to Ludiano on October 24, 1567. Not far from the village humiliates had worked, whose beliefs he opposed. In neighboring Graubünden , the cardinal played a key role in the persecution of Protestants as part of the Counter Reformation . From the late 18th century onwards, the role of the Roman Catholic Church was the subject of a sometimes violent culture war . In the course of these disputes, liberalism was able to assert itself in Ticino as a socially determining force. The wide spread of liberal ideas led z. For example, the Catholic canton of Ticino joined the Protestant cantons in the Sonderbund War of 1847, in which 3,000 Ticino people took part, or the secularization of school teaching in Ludiano in 1853.

Selvapiana before reconstruction. View from the northern outskirts to the south (2018).

Like all municipalities in the valley, Ludiano was also shaped by poverty-related emigration, the destination of which was initially mainly Italy. Later, seasonal emigration to the urban centers of Western Europe, namely to London, Paris and Brussels, developed increasingly. The main occupation of these emigrants was in the hotel and restaurant trade and in the production and sale of chestnuts and chocolate. Mercenaries from the Blenio Valley in Spain are said to have acquired the chocolate trade . In connection with chocolate production, several families from Ludiano emigrated to what was then the British colony of Sierra Leone in West Africa in the first half of the 20th century . The returnees, who were often seen as idle by those who stayed at home, preferred to spend their time in the grotto . The wealthier ones, however, also brought the private capital for the Biasca-Acquarossa Railway with them, which on July 6, 1911 replaced the stagecoach that had stopped in Ludiano since July 6, 1866 .

Oratory of San Giacomo Maggiore

Attractions

  • Parish church of San Secondo with frescoes by the painter Lorenzo Peretti from Buttogno : Martirio di San Secondo , Battesimo di San Secondo , Battesimo di Cristo , Sant'Agostino , Santa Monica , San Carlo Borromeo in paramenti pontificali , Sant'Antonio da Padova , San Giacomo and San Giuseppe 1800
  • Oratory of San Giacomo Maggiore with fresco (15th century) in the Selvapiana district ( Sülapièna )
  • Villetta Brighton with decorative paintings on the outer facade by Attilio Balmelli from 1920
  • Villa Laura , built to a design by Giuseppe Bordonzotti 1910–12 for the hotelier Francesco Ferrari, who works in Glasgow
  • To the south of the village are the ruins of Serravalle Castle
  • Church of San Pietro in the district of Motto di Dongio
  • Cà de Mutal
  • Cà de Baltram
  • Cà de Farei with a fresco Cristi Birth from 1509
  • In the Motto district: stone bridge from 1424

population

Population development
year 1808 1850 1860 1870 1880 1888 1900 1910 1920 1930 1941 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2011
Residents 291 389 300 389 329 322 294 271 251 219 256 242 208 206 253 228 291 355

Personalities

  • Silvio Jorio (born February 14, 1907 in Ludiano; † August 15, 1964 in Rivera ), lawyer, mayor of Semione, Ticino Grand Council, National Council
  • Giuseppe Gallizia (1915–2007), priest, local historian and publicist
  • Gianni Metalli (born February 28, 1930 in Lugano; † November 24, 2006 in Lugano; place of origin: Ludiano), painter, graphic artist, etcher, screen printer
  • Manuel Valls (born August 13, 1962 in Barcelona ), French politician

literature

  • Marina Bernasconi Reusser: Monumenti storici e documenti d'archivio. I “Materiali e Documenti Ticinesi” (MDT) quali fonti per la storia e le ricerche sull'architettura e l'arte medievale delle Tre Valli. In: Archivio Storico Ticinese. 2nd series, number 148, Casagrande, Bellinzona 2010.
  • Piero Bianconi (Ed.): Ludiano. In: Inventario delle cose d'arte e di antichità. Le Tre Valli Superiori. Leventina, Blenio, Riviera. Grassi & Co., Bellinzona 1948, pp. 115, 118.
  • Sonia Fiorini: Ludiano. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . January 18, 2017 , accessed January 9, 2020 .
  • Giuseppe Gallizia , Pietro Ferrari: Appunti su Ludiano - Momenti e aspetti di un villaggio Bleniese , Istituto Editoriale Ticinese, Bellinzona 2000.
  • Flavio Maggi: Patriziati e patrizi ticinesi. Pramo Edizioni, Viganello 1997.
  • Simona Martinoli u. a .: Ludiano. In: Guida d'arte della Svizzera italiana. Edizioni Casagrande, Bellinzona 2007, pp. 90-91.
  • Johann Rudolf Rahn : I monumenti artistici del medio evo nel Cantone Ticino. Tipo-Litografia di Carlo Salvioni, Bellinzona 1894, p. 232.
  • Agostino Robertini, Silvano Toppi, Gian Piero Pedrazzi: Ludiano. In: Il Comune. Edizioni Giornale del Popolo, Lugano 1974, pp. 193-210.
  • Celestino Trezzini : Ludiano. In: Historisch-Biographisches Lexikon der Schweiz , Volume 4, Liebegg - Milan. Attinger, Neuenburg 1927, p. 719 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Ludiano  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Jürg Meyer: Rocks of Switzerland - The field guide . 1st edition. Haupt Verlag, Bern 2017, ISBN 978-3-258-07856-4 , pp. 278-287 .
  2. Federal Office of Topography swisstopo: Geological maps and data online. Swisstopo, Köniz near Bern, accessed on March 2, 2018 .
  3. F. Viviani: Considerazioni sull'assestamento e sulla rete stradale forestale dei Patriziati di Corzoneso, Ludiano Semione e . In: H. Leibundgut (ed.): Swiss journal for forestry . tape 128 . Zurich November 6, 1977, p. 440-447 .
  4. ^ Orari di linea. Autolinee Bleniesi SA, Biasca, accessed March 2, 2018 (Italian).
  5. ^ Sonia Fiorini: Ludiano. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 30, 2016 .
  6. ^ Sonia Fiorini: Ludiano. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 30, 2016 .
  7. Alcune note su Selvapiana. Associazione degli Amici di Selvapiana, accessed August 10, 2018 (Italian).
  8. Federal Office of Topography swisstopo: Geological maps and data online. Swisstopo, Köniz near Bern, accessed on March 2, 2018 .
  9. ^ Marianne Mehling et al .: Knaurs Kulturführer Tessin: Ludiano . Ed .: Marianne Mehling. Ex Libris, Zurich 1987, p. 140 .
  10. ^ Peretti, Lorenzo (1774-1851). Istittuto Comprensivo "Andrea Testore" - Santa Maria Maggiore (VB), accessed on March 7, 2018 (Italian).
  11. Adriana Stallanzani in: Kulturführer Switzerland . Ed .: Niklaus Flüeler. 11th edition. Ex Libris Verlag, Zurich 1982, p. 217 f .
  12. ^ Arte e Storia nel Ticino - Catalogo . In: Adolfo Caldelari (ed.): Ente Ticinese per il turismo . Edizioni dello Stato, Bellinzona 1975, p. 38 .
  13. Flavio Zappa: Note storiche su Selvapiana di Ludiano . Associazione degli Amici di Selvapiana (Ludiano), Maggia 2017, p. 33 f .
  14. Marco Marcacci, Nelly Valsangiacomo: Tessin: 4.1.2 - Liberal reforms and party struggles (1830–1875). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . May 30, 2017 .
  15. ^ Sonia Fiorini: Blenio (district). In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 1st March 2018 .
  16. Marco Marcacci, Fabrizio Viscontini: La Valle di Blenio e la sua Ferrovia - L'ingresso nella modernità . Ed .: Autolinee Bleniesi SA 1st edition. Salvioni Edizioni, Bellinzona 2011, ISBN 978-88-7967-283-2 , p. 34 f .
  17. ^ Beat Allenbach: Tessin - Pictures of a living space . Werd Verlag, Zurich 1999, ISBN 3-85932-263-X , p. 14 .
  18. a b Luca Solari: Blenio: una valle a confronto . Salvioni arti grafiche, Bellinzona 1998, ISBN 88-7967-023-9 , p. 42-49 .
  19. Lorenzo Peretti (Italian) on icandreatestore.it/webspace/risorseterritoriali
  20. a b c d e f g h i Simona Martinoli and others: Guida d'arte della Svizzera italiana. Ed. Society for Swiss Art History , Edizioni Casagrande, Bellinzona 2007, ISBN 978-88-7713-482-0 , pp. 88–90.
  21. ^ Marianne Mehling et al .: Knaurs Kulturführer - Tessin: Ludiano . Ed .: Marianne Mehling. Ex Libris, Zurich 1987, p. 140 .
  22. Luca Solari: Blenio: una valle a confronto . Salvioni arti grafiche, Bellinzona 1998, ISBN 88-7967-023-9 , p. 174 .
  23. ^ Sonia Fiorini: Ludiano. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 30, 2016 .
  24. ^ Fabrizio Panzera: Silvio Jorio. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . February 1, 2007 , accessed March 31, 2020 .
  25. ^ Maddalena Disch: Gianni Metalli. In: Sikart (as of 2012) , accessed January 21, 2016.
  26. Manuel Valls (Italian) on oltreconfiniti (accessed November 6, 2016).