Mainberg (Schonungen)

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Mainberg (Schonungen)
Community Schonungen
Coordinates: 50 ° 3 ′ 24 ″  N , 10 ° 17 ′ 15 ″  E
Height : 212 m
Residents : 710  (Jul 2, 2006)
Incorporation : July 1, 1975
Postal code : 97453
Area code : 09721
map
Mainberg with village, castle and vineyards

Mainberg lies on the Main three kilometers east of Schweinfurt . Politically, the village belongs to the municipality of Schonungen and the district of Schweinfurt in the Bavarian administrative district of Lower Franconia , although there is a closer (historical) connection to Schweinfurt. Mainberg is a wine village in the Franconian wine-growing region , in the Maindreieck area . The place is dominated by the castle, which gave the village its name. The millionaire heir and playboy Gunter Sachs was born in the castle in 1932 .

geography

Mainberg on the edge of the Schweinfurt Rhön (left) and Schweinfurt Basin

location

The Kirchdorf Mainberg is located about three kilometers east of Schweinfurt , on the Main, which forms the interface between the Schweinfurt Basin and the Schweinfurt Rhön (Hesselbacher Waldland). The Mainberg district has a share in both natural areas .

Location description

Mainberg is only separated from the Main by the Mainwiesen, the State Road 2447 and the Schweinfurt – Bamberg railway line , which has already led to various floods in the town center in the past . The old town center lies in a small valley at right angles to the Main. More recently, the hillside location along the St 2447 in the direction of Schweinfurt has also been built on. Between Schweinfurt, Mainberg and plantations to the Main river in a northern steep slope, which especially on the outskirts of Schweinfurt, and for the most part east of Mainberg for wine is used. The townscape is characterized by an old settlement core with half-timbered houses and the castle.

history

The gazebo (1859) with the village and Mainberg Castle

middle Ages

Mainberg was first mentioned in a document in a business transaction with the city of Schweinfurt in 1245. The settlement must have taken place much earlier, as several groups of graves from the Hallstatt period have been found. Mainberg Castle is located above the village . The Counts of Henneberg-Schleusingen bought it in 1305 . In the Peasants' War in 1525, it was partially destroyed. In 1542 Mainberg came with the entire Mainberg Office in exchange for the city of Meiningen from Count Johann I von Henneberg-Schleusingen to Bishop Konrad III. from Würzburg .

Modern

Wilhelm Sattler , the inventor of the Schweinfurt Grün , used Mainberg Castle as a production facility. Before the Second World War , the Sachs family, known for the Fichtel & Sachs company , resided in the castle. Among other things, Gunter Sachs (1932–2011) was born here. Today the castle serves as an excursion destination and venue for parties and celebrations such as weddings.

On July 1, 1975, the previously independent community was incorporated into the neighboring community of Schonungen, against the will of the majority of the population, who, because of the historical, economic and functional relationships, spoke out in favor of a connection to Schweinfurt.

additional

The wayside shrine Wendelin

Not far from the church, in the middle of the village, stands the figure of St. Wendelin with a top hat on a simple column made of yellow sandstone , flanked on the right and left by an angel. Here is the related story as it is said to have happened in the summer of 1706:

Wendelin
It was the year when the French invaded Franconia for the first time . A couple of French hunters on horseback and a company of infantry had occupied Mainberg Castle, chased away the Vogt from Würzburg, and robbed and plundered the village to their hearts' content. Worst of all, however, was the commissioner, a small, black-haired fellow who was after every skirt and drank the wine like clear well water. During the day he stayed at the “Zum Schwarzen Adler” inn, had the farmers called and determined what bread, meat and the like they had to deliver. He “paid” for the goods with worthless checks, while drinking from a huge glass that the landlord always had to keep full. One evening a venerable old farmer - Caspar Leithäuser - came with his young daughter from church in Schonungen. When the soldiers saw the pretty girl, they screamed and hooted for her. Their leader, who could barely stand on his feet, stumbled towards them. When he was about to reach for the young woman, the old Leithauser gave him such a slap in the face that he would have fallen if his comrades hadn't caught him. Then the farmer went on quietly without even looking at the soldier. Of course, the devil was going on with the soldiers. They reached for the rifles they had leaned against the wall. The chastised man himself foamed with anger and shouted in a hoarse, cracking voice: "... kill the pig!" And really some of the men put their shotguns on and began to shoot the farmer. Fortunately, they were all so drunk that all but one of the shots blew up. Only this one hit the top hat the old man wore on his head. The farmer laughed grimly, took his hat off and went home. Once there, he sent his two sons away with the words: "... you know what you have to do". The two 21- and 23-year-old boys replied: "... yes father, we know it". In those days, when many farmers were full of hatred for the occupiers, it was easy to quickly find a crowd of other men to join them. In the forests and heights around the Main they found shelter, with food and support from the farmers. Yes, it was still too early to fight for freedom . So was the Freischärlerbande when they raided a French wagon seized and Bamberg before a court martial found and to death by firing squad condemned.

Caspar Leithäuser had the Marterl set for them in memory . The following words are written at the foot of the Marterl: "Every injustice finds its retribution, it certainly finds it".

Old school

Old school ensemble

In a letter to the Royal District Court in Schweinfurt dated August 5, 1833, the Sattler spouses Wilhelm and Catharine , who had signed "With special admiration, obediently" announced their decision to use the building site acquired by Paulus Heym for 50 gulden the year before ...

“... to donate some apartments for poor people in Mainberg”, and made 1000 guilders available for this. “However, since the municipality of Mainberg does not own a school building”, they continued in their letter, “and they lack the means to build it, this capital could be used for both purposes”. This half-hearted proposal one was plan (blueprint) added, "in which the lower floor school, listed in the upper Zwey apartments for Zwey households, then in selbten 2nd floor of a room, which certainly needs the local government good and necessary".

The house on the B 26 housed the school until 1928 and the municipal office until 1936 . A nurses' station was housed there during the Third Reich . The front cellar room served as a milk collection point during the Second World War . The post office was there from 1960 to the end of 1977. In December 1979 the old school was demolished. Today you can find the bus shelter on the property.

Culture and sights

Mainberg Castle
Official Winery (Lower Castle)

Buildings

Mainberg Castle

Mainberg Castle, which gave the settlement its name, was first mentioned in a document in 1245. However, a castle was built on this site between the years 900 and 1000 and was continuously expanded in later years.

The castle is visible from afar due to the elevated hillside location. It is located next to the vineyards of the Mainberger Schlossberg .

Official winery

The so-called Lower Castle was once an official cellar and later housed a winery with a hedge bar . The baroque two-wing building (1708–1710) is by Joseph Greissing (monument list D-6-78-174-69).

Gasthaus zum Schwarzen Adler

The house was built at the foot of Mainberg Castle as early as the 14th century. The Hennebergers, tired of plundering and waging war, looked for new ways to get money. They left the building in warfare is built to a customs office to build. The one meter thick walls can still be seen today. The lords of the castle entrusted the catering to loyal people who had distinguished themselves in the service of the Henneberg family. From the nearby forest the owner got his firewood every year, and the brewing license was granted. While Mainberg Castle was partially destroyed by Schweinfurt citizens and Königsberg farmers during the Peasants' War (1525) , the taproom remained undamaged. In 1532, Heinrich the landlord was mentioned in old records. The feudal relationship has become a property relationship . Every new owner had to be confirmed and recognized by the Mainberg Office. In 1559 the district hunter Hans Schäffer received the liquor license. The landlord received the brewing license. The water was obtained from a 15 meter deep well that still exists today. Through the centuries the house has hosted many celebrities within its walls. So had Albrecht Dürer in 1520 its charter show. His diary reported: "... they let me drive duty-free". ... where the inn is bigger than the church - with these words the Swedish officer Wrangel described the Gasthaus Zum Schwarzen Adler in 1649. In 1813/14 Austrian soldiers forged the ornate pub sign with the double-headed eagle, which still adorns the house today.

St. Michael Church

St. Michael Church

The first church was built around 1486; the builder was Anton von Brunn, probably a Hennberg official. Special features are the late Gothic pulpit and the font , erected in 1528 , an octagonal basin made of green sandstone . In 1686, under Prince-Bishop Johann Gottfried von Guttenberg , whose coat of arms was above the west entrance, the church was extended to the west. The high altar was erected around 1710, and the side altars were added in 1720. The demolition of the old church began on August 5, 1931.

After heated, controversial discussions about the future location of the new church building (one party wanted to push the church into the background of the meadow valley), the new building was tackled. The condition now was to preserve the church choir and the tower. As to the height of the new nave, it was agreed that the ridge and eaves should be at the height of the adjacent Zum Schwarzen Adler inn . In order to still achieve a higher room height, the floor was removed by 60 cm. During the demolition work, several old graves were uncovered . Two main entrances were created and the castle hill was supported with a wall. At the same time a path was laid out that leads around the whole church. The Sachsbrunnen was created on the left of the large staircase of the south entrance, on the right of the south entrance the Guttenberger coat of arms was embedded. The large western front adorns the approx. 2.80 meter high statue of the Good Shepherd (made of shell limestone by Heinrich Söller ). The architect Peter Krammer used Mainberger shell limestone as the building material. The 18 meter long, 10.5 meter wide and 8.5 meter high ship can accommodate around 400 people. The floor plan of the benches is in the shape of a cross.

The new church was consecrated on July 17, 1932 by the Bishop of Würzburg Dr. Matthias Ehrenfried . The construction was financed by the parish and the Sachs and von Opel families, who resided in the castle and were linked to Mainberg by marriage.

Regular events

The Mainberger Kirchweih traditionally takes place on the second weekend in July and the Mainberger Wine Festival on the last weekend in July.

Economy and Infrastructure

Mainberg is a suburb of Schweinfurt, where the majority of the residents work. The village has an inn, the Catholic parish home and the St. Michael day care center. The last remaining agricultural operation relocated in 2008 from the village center to the outskirts towards Kaltenhof .

traffic

Public transport

Maintal: Railway line and state road between Schweinfurt and Mainberg (left)

Road traffic

  • The place on the Main is affected by the state road St 2447 (Schweinfurt - Eltmann ).
  • Mainberg can be reached via Autobahn 70 Schweinfurt– Bamberg (Maintalautobahn) from the west via AS 8 Gochsheim and from the east via AS 9 Schonungen .

additional

  • Main cycle path along the Leinritts
  • Footpaths from Schweinfurt (3 km) via Leinritt or Obere Mainleite
  • Ship dock

education

  • Kindergarten St. Michael, built in 1961, completely renovated in 2003.

societies

  • Sängerkranz Mainberg eV
  • Levi e. V.
  • Castle ghosts Mainberg
  • Mainberg marching band
  • DJK Schonungen / Mainberg eV
  • Mainberg Volunteer Fire Brigade

Poetry

Friedrich Rückert (1788–1866) wrote a poem about Mainberg:

And the sun itself is still waving, greetings to
you in Scheiden,
Mainberg whose pinnacle flashes
golden over a river of silver.

If it weren't for these mountains,
the river would n't be so beautiful;
And only because they transfigure themselves
In the river the heights are beautiful.

Because the vineyard joins the Main
, the Main adorns itself with the vineyard,
That is why the place is called Mainberg, the
most beautiful mountain and electricity association.

Personalities

In Mainberg were born

Lived or worked at Mainberg Castle

literature

Web links

Commons : Mainberg (Lower Franconia)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Mainberg (Schonungen)  - travel guide
Wikisource: Mainberg in the Topographia Franconiae (Mathäus Merian)  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 753 .