Oesede (Georgsmarienhütte)

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Oesede
Coordinates: 52 ° 12 ′ 18 ″  N , 8 ° 4 ′ 2 ″  E
Height : 96 m
Residents : 11,925  (Jul 1, 2017)
Postal code : 49124
Area code : 05401
Museum Villa Stahmer

Oesede is a district of the independent municipality Georgsmarienhütte in the district of Osnabrück in Lower Saxony .

geography

Geographical location

Oesede is located in the Osnabrück region between the city of Osnabrück in the north and the Teutoburg Forest in the south. The entire Osnabrück region is culturally and geographically purely Westphalian . The Westphalian influence reached historically far along the Ems and in Lower Saxony far into the heath and extended into the Oldenburg and Hanoverian regions.

Oesede is located on the Düte in the Osnabrücker Land in the middle of the Osnabrück hill country . In the south it is bounded by the Teutoburg Forest (whose old name is Osning), part of the TERRA.vita nature and geopark . The altitude on the Düte is 64  m above sea level. NHN . The highest point of the settlement is on the Musenberg at 190  m above sea level. NHN .

Oesede has a train station connected to the “Haller Willem” railway line between Osnabrück and Bielefeld .

geology

In terms of nature, it is the Öseder Mulde natural area (535.41), in the subunit southern Osnabrück hill country (535.4) and in the main unit Osnabrück hill country (535), which belongs to the landscape unit Lower Weserbergland (no.53). This means that Oesede lies in the Weser and Weser-Leine Bergland ( Lower Saxony Bergland ), a low mountain range that is part of the German low mountain range . The underground of the hilly basin, through which the Düte and numerous tributaries flow , consists mainly of layers of chalk , which, however, are mostly covered by loess loam and in places also by boulder clay . Outside of the Dütetal and the large side valleys, in which alluvial loam, sands and gravel with predominant groundwater track and floodplain soils are widespread, brown soils , which usually have a water-holding power of the decalcified loess loam soils that are favorable for agricultural use, form the predominant soil type in this area. Therefore arable farming is widespread.

climate

Oesede is in the warm, temperate climate zone. Westerly and northwest winds are decisive, which can bring cool weather in summer and mild rainy weather in winter. The weather situation is therefore inconsistent.

Neighboring communities

clockwise starting from north:

history

Emergence

Many of the old farming communities in the vicinity of Osnabrück carry Saxon local and field names and confirm the fact that the region in the early Middle Ages came into view of history. However, documents did not appear until the end of the millennium. Oesede has certainly been settled and made arable before. Originally the area consisted of dense forest. Beeches and oaks grew. Ash and alder grew in the lowlands and birch trees on sandy soil.

Oesede was first mentioned by name in 836 . The subject of the document is a donation to the Corvey monastery : Prince-Bishop Hoger donated a piece of land to the monastery, a so-called Hufe with two families.

History in years

  • 37,000 BC Chr. First appearance of people in this room
  • 4,000 BC Chr. An ax from chert Local Oesede testifies to the presence of humans during the Neolithic in this room
  • 836–891 The place Oesede was first mentioned in a document. It is related to a donation to Corvey Abbey. Prince-Bishop Hoger gave the monastery a piece of land, a so-called Hufe.
  • 836–891 Noble Wigsvit gave the Corvey Monastery her own in Bardonhusen. The donation was subject to usufruct for life.
  • 1050 documents prove that the inheritance of Aliko in Oesede was subject to tax at the Freckenhorst monastery .
  • 1088 An inheritance in Oesede was listed as a tithing registers in the Herzebrock Monastery . Leuerich, presumably Leuerich Gartmann, was mentioned by name.
  • 1095 The noble Hildswith gave the church with the associated Meyerhof to the bishop Wido von Osnabrück .
  • 1118 The wooden court met in Dröper . A contract between the march comrades of Oesede and the Iburg monastery with regard to the monastery’s rights to use wood and mast in the Oeseder Mark was concluded. In the contract, the Dröper farmers were mentioned as Throp.
  • 1144 The Count of Ravensberg acquired the free county over Oesede-Mündrup.
  • 1147 The membership of the peasantry in the Osnabrück churches was reorganized. Several former farmers from the Oeseder area were assigned to the parish of St. Johann .
  • 1170 Ludolf von Oesede (approx. 1100–1184), son of Bernhard III. von Oesede , founded a convent at his ancestral home . This monastery also took over the pastoral care of the surrounding farmers.
  • 1189 Widukind III (approx. 1130–1191), son of Ludolf von Oesede, took part in the 3rd crusade under Emperor Barbarossa . He was killed in the course of armed conflict.
  • 1247 The nobles of Oesede renounced the bailiwick of the Oesede monastery .
  • 1350 The plague raged in Osnabrück . For this reason, the newly elected Bishop Johann Hoet had to take his inaugural oath in the parish church in Oesede.
  • 1489 The Bishop of Osnabrück approved with the consent of the Cathedral Chapter and monastery Iburg in trade mark court to Dröper the sale of a property by the Oeseder Mark comrades . It was planned to build its own church.
  • 1598/99 Also in Oesede the plague claimed numerous lives.
  • 1601 A sexton was mentioned by name for the first time in Oesede. There was already a sexton as documented in 1557. The second office of sexton consisted of teaching the schoolchildren.
  • 1602 Bishop Philipp Sigismund had a paper mill built at the "Seven Sources" in Oesede . He handed this over to the paper miller Schmidt from Vlotho on the basis of a long lease . After Schmidt's death, the paper maker Heide took over the business. The mill remained in the possession of the Heide family until 1792.
  • 1624 The status of the practice of faith in the Diocese of Osnabrück was examined. According to the report of the responsible Episcopal Vicar General Lucenius, the service in Oesede took place according to a mixed Catholic / Lutheran rite . It was also found that there were no school classes in the community.
  • 1624 The newly elected Bishop Cardinal Eitel Friedrich von Hohenzollern entered Osnabrück. The knighthood rode to meet him with 100 horses to Oesede.
  • 1650 After the so-called “Vollmarschen Durchschlag” (based on the visitation protocol of Lucenius) the parish of Oesede became Catholic.
  • 1651 School lessons in Oesede took place in the sexton's house.
  • 1709/10 The Oeseder Church was rebuilt on the site of today's sister house.
  • 1714 Bishop Karl von Lothringen expanded the Osnabrück – Iburg road. This was a great achievement for those times: in comparison, z. B. the first highway in Brandenburg from Potsdam to Berlin built in 1792. The new route led past Spiegelburgs Hof, on via Oesede and the Herrenrest. At the same time, the Dütebrücke was moved from Dröper to Oesede.
  • 1716 The forests were heavily exploited . Documents show that there was no longer a tree that was ready for harvest in the Oeseder Mark.
  • 1746 The remaining pieces of the Oeseder Mark were split up. But the common hat and willow remained in place.
  • 1791 The Osnabrück merchant Georg Wilhelm Quirll became the owner of the paper mill . The mill was in operation until 1890. Later ponds were created to raise trout.
  • 1791 The paper miller was granted the right to collect rags ( Hader) as the only one in the Prince Diocese of Osnabrück for ten years .
  • 1794 The school in Oesede got its own classroom.
  • around 1795 Every farm in Oesede was supposed to deliver twelve sparrow heads and four crows heads a year. The background was that as a result of the rigorous deforestation, the number of natural enemies of these bird species ( birds of prey ) had strongly decreased.
  • 1795 A new pastorate building was built in Oesede. In order to reduce the cost burden for the community, collections were made throughout the Hochstift .
  • 1807–1811 The Osnabrück territory became part of the Weser Department in the Kingdom of Westphalia . The district was ruled from Kassel by Napoleon's brother Jérôme . Oesede belonged to the canton of Iburg and formed a mairie , consisting of Oesede, Dröper and Oesede Monastery.
  • 1809 In Oesede, at the intersection in front of today's shoe shop Huster Küsterei and school were built.
  • 1810 Napoleon had a country road built from Wesel to Hamburg for military purposes . The route leads via Münster , Osnabrück, Bohmte , Diepholz and Bremen . Part of it runs through the middle of Oesede and over the pass at Dörenberg . To do this, the old “Napoleonstrasse” had to be widened, fortified or rerouted in several places in the city.
  • 1811–1813 Oesede belonged to the Oberems department in the French Empire .
  • 1811 In Oesede, the general pasture was finally abolished, so division was no longer necessary.
  • 1817 On June 23, the mugger Johann Heinrich Stapenhorst from Glane is executed on the Stallbrink. The executioner was Gotfried Friedrichs from Osnabrück. It was the last public execution by the Iburg office.
  • 1824 A " Chausseeordnung " was enacted, which required the widening and straightening of all main roads. Many streets had to be provided with stone gravel and drainage ditches and planted with trees on the road. As early as the beginning of the 19th century, so-called road houses were set up every ten kilometers to finance road construction costs . Here was tolls levied. The Oeseder Weghaus on the road to Osnabrück was certainly created in this context.
  • 1827 The chaplaincy was rebuilt in Oesede . Land, stable and barn also belonged to it.
  • 1856 The construction of the steel works in Malbergen began.
  • 1856 The first hut houses in the “Malbergen” colony, the so-called old colony, were built south of the plant and in the rural community of Oesede am Osterberg.
  • 1856 The innkeeper Wolf in Oesede sent a request to the local administration in Iburg. He asked to be allowed to set up a "Briefcomtoir" in his house for the Malbergen, Oesede and Georgsmarienhütte areas. The request was not granted.
  • 1860 The first mail forwarding company started work in Oesede. The Landgendarmerie Section Commander a. D. Carl Friedrich Grete from Emden.
  • 1866 The officials and workers of the Georgs-Marien-Bergwerks- und Hüttenverein founded the consumer and savings association. Founding the association was tantamount to setting up a savings bank.
  • 1886 The Osnabrück – Brackwede railway line was opened. Oesede was thus connected to the railway network.
  • 1886 The machine master Carl Stahmer parted with his company from the steel mill. He founded his own factory in Oeseder, the United Railway Signal Works .
  • 1900 Master carpenter Mathias Wiemann laid the foundations for today's company Oeseder Möbel-Industrie Mathias Wiemann GmbH & Co. KG (Wiemann Möbel) in a rented workshop . With around 500 employees (as of 2016), the furniture manufacturer is one of the largest employers in the city of Georgsmarienhütte.
  • 1904 The parish of Oesede was divided for the second time. Oesede Monastery was now an independent parish .
  • 1904 The new parish church St. Peter and Paul was built in Oesede. The building site was acquired by the farmer Meyer. The old Remigius Church, built in 1711 and expanded in 1819 - it stood on the site of today's sister house - was demolished due to its dilapidation.
  • 1910 In Oesede a wire rope factory, called "rope factory" for short, was built. The company continued to operate until 1974.
  • 1910 On June 28th, the Z 7 airship crashed on Limberg near the restaurant for the "Merry Widow".
  • 1911 The "Karolinenhöhe" settlement was built. It was named after Mrs. Karoline Stahmer.
  • after 1918 The Dörenberg, Kiffenbrink and Kiewitzheide settlements were built.
  • after 1918 On the church side, a sister house was built on the site of the old Remigius Church.
  • after 1918 The municipal authorities bought the Wortmannschen Hof after the village of Oesede had merged with Dröper. A parish hall should be built here.
  • 1926 The Dörenberg settlement was created in the southern part of Oesede.
  • 1927 The volunteer fire brigade was founded in Oesede .
  • In 1927 a type H5 stone meteorite fell near the monastery . It was registered under the official name of Oesede .
  • 1936 Construction of the sister house in Oesede began.
  • 1937 Dröper with Brinke was incorporated into Oesede.
  • 1949 Construction work began on the " Hermann Löns settlement" in Oesede.
  • 1953 The newly built Overberg School opened its doors on the Mühlenbrink for the children from the southern part of Oesede.
  • 1954 On August 15, prolonged heavy rainfalls led to heavy flooding in the center of Oesede. Great damage was caused to many buildings.
  • 1958 Completion of the King Christ Church on Mühlenbrink
  • 1964 Inauguration of the Holy Spirit Church on Mühlenbrink
  • 1964 Oesede and the Dutch municipality of Schoonebeek signed a partnership agreement.
  • 1966 The federal road 51 leading through the center of Oesede was replaced by a bypass road.
  • 1968 The community of Oesede took over the sponsorship for Oberschwedeldorf .
  • 1970 The rural communities of Oesede, Oesede Monastery, Harderberg, Holsten-Mündrup and the industrial village of Georgsmarienhütte merged to form the town of Georgsmarienhütte. The southern part of the rural community of Holzhausen was also incorporated.
  • from 1977 in Oesede the settlement areas "Hakeneschfeld" and "Menkhausfeld" emerged.
  • 1981 The Osnabrück – Brackwede railway line was initially shut down and then reopened in 2007.
  • 1990/91 Oeseder Straße is gradually expanded to make it pedestrian-friendly.
  • 1992 In Oesede the new town hall Georgsmarienhütte is occupied.
  • 2009 The Oeseder paper mill shines in new splendor after its restoration and now houses the office paper mill and an event room.
  • 2010 Again prolonged heavy rainfall led to heavy flooding in the center of Oesede. Many buildings were damaged, mostly to a greater extent than in 1954.

Sources : Selected passages from “City History in Years” according to Rudolf Richter, p. 4 ff

politics

Mayor of the former municipality of Oesede

  • 1965–1970 Ludwig Siepelmeyer ( CDU )
  • 1963–1965 Burkhard Ritz (CDU)
  • 1949–1963 Wallrath Eichberg (CDU)
  • 1946–1949 Fritz Heringhaus ( SPD )
  • 1945–1946 Christian Gartmann (dismissed because of former NSDAP membership)
  • 1942–1945 Wallrath Eichberg (NSDAP)
  • 1937–1945 Karl Goemann (NSDAP)
  • 1937 E. Kormeyer
  • 1936–1937 Christian Gartmann (independent)
  • –1936 Christian Vocke (independent)

Municipal directors of the former municipality of Oesede

  • 1947–1958 Heinrich Börger

literature

  • Heinrich Grote : 100 Years - The History of the Church and the Parish of St. Peter and Paul Oesede. Self-published by Oesede, 2006, 105 pages, ISBN 978-3-930817-13-9
  • August Suerbaum: The parish Oesede , Catholic parish office Peter u. Paul, Oesede 1964, 135 pp.
  • Heinrich Borchelt, Heinrich Göers (revised by Willi Jacob): Local history for the schools in the city of Osnabrück and the district of Osnabrück . Meinders & Elstermann, Osnabrück 1958
  • Inge Becher, Wolfgang Seegrün (Red.): Georgsmarienhütte. Young City - Old Traditions: Festschrift on the occasion of 900 years of the church in Oesede, 825 years of Oesede monastery, 135 years of Georgsmarienhütte, 25 years of the city of Georgsmarienhütte . In: Contributions to the history of Georgsmarienhütte and its districts , Volume 2. Stadt Georgsmarienhütte, Georgsmarienhütte 1995, ISBN 978-3-9803658-2-6 , 303 pp.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ S. Meisel: The natural space units on sheet 83/84 Osnabrück-Bentheim. Bad Godesberg: Federal Institute for Regional Studies and Spatial Research, 1961.
  2. ↑ Oesede. Meteoritical Bulletin, accessed June 30, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Inge Becher: The negotiation of space: The foundation of the city of Georgsmarienhütte and its prehistory . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2020, ISBN 3-8470-1102-2 , p. 87-88 .