Perama (Attica)
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Municipality of Perama Δήμος Περάματος (Πέραμα) |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Greece
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| Region : | Attica | ||
| Regional District : | Piraeus | ||
| Geographic coordinates : | 37 ° 58 ′ N , 23 ° 34 ′ E | ||
| Area : | 14.729 km² | ||
| Residents : | 25,389 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 1,723.7 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community logo: |
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| Seat: | Perama | ||
| LAU-1 code no .: | 5105 | ||
| Districts : | no | ||
| Local self-government : | no | ||
| Location in the Attica region | |||
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Perama ( Greek Πέραμα ( n. Sg. )) Is a suburb of the Greek city of Piraeus and forms the westernmost part of the Athens metropolitan area.
geography
The municipality of Peramas covers the western foothills of the Egaleo , which forms a rocky peninsula in the Saronic Gulf , which in ancient times was called Amphialē ( ancient Greek Ἀμφιάλη ). The north coast lies on the Bay of Elefsina, in the southeast the area extends into the Bay of Keratsini. The city is located on the southern slope in front of a ridge that reaches 266 m above sea level at its highest point, the summit of Agia Triada . Since the Persian king Xerxes is said to have observed the battle of Salamis from this ridge , the people also refer to him as the “throne of Xerxes”. The neighboring municipality to the north is Chaidari , and Keratsini-Drapetsona borders the area in the east . Before Perama lies the island of Salamis to the west and south , the Strait of Salamis between the two is only about one kilometer wide. The southern coastline of the peninsula is inhabited for a length of around nine kilometers, almost two kilometers up the slope. Perama is around 15 kilometers west of central Athens and around seven kilometers northwest of Piraeus; its urban area is the westernmost part of the Athens metropolitan area and is clearly delimited by the mountains from the Athens plain, which forms a closed urban urban space.
The community is divided into the districts of Perama on the western coast and Kariotika (Καριώτικα, after new settlers from Ikaria ) on the slope above. Neo Ikonio in the east on the border with Keratsini is separated from the rest of the municipality by industrial plants. There is also a wild settlement with around 4,000 inhabitants in the east of the municipality outside the designated building area.
history
In the 19th century, at the western end of what is now the municipality, at the end of a road from Piraeus, the pier for the ferry ( Greek perama ) to Kamatero on Salamis was located. In 1920 there were four households with 22 inhabitants. After the Greco-Turkish War , refugees from Turkey were resettled in the area in the 1920s. The eastern quarter of the city is called Neo Ikonio ('New Konya ') after one of the places of origin . Of the 331 inhabitants of Peru in 1928, 218 were refugees. When the central port of Piraeus was expanded, the shipyards located there had to give way: In 1928 the construction of the first shipyard in Perama began and the entire coastline was gradually built with shipyards, which is the main industry of the municipality to this day. The settlement of the shipyards led to an influx of Greek islands, especially from Samos and Symi .
In the 1960s, a quarter with taverns and nightspots developed around the shipyard. A characteristic symbol of this period was the tram, which served the Piraeus – Perama line from 1938 to 1977.
| 1920 | 1928 | 1940 | 1951 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 22nd | 331 | 1,462 | 4,900 | 14,694 | 18,258 | 23,012 | 24,119 | 25,720 | 25,389 |
In 1934 Perama was spun off from the municipality of Piraeus and became independent as a rural municipality, 30 years later (1964) it was finally upgraded to a city municipality when the population exceeded 10,000.
politics
Perama has had a partnership with Evdilos on Ikaria since 1999 .
Economy and Infrastructure
Perama's most important industry is the port and shipyard facilities. To the east of the shipyards there is a large container terminal with a rail connection to the north, behind which five companies from the Greek petrochemical industry maintain storage facilities for 175,000 cubic meters of chemical substances, which corresponds to around 15 percent of the Greek storage capacity. The majority of the residents work for the shipyards. These are considered to be one of the most dangerous jobs in Europe with a large number of occupational accidents, including a serious accident on July 24, 2008. Overall, the shipyard industry on site is in a serious crisis.
Due to the local petrochemical industry, the environmental pollution in Perama is very high; a garbage dump on the mountain, which is chemically heavily contaminated, is to be renatured. In addition, there is the proximity to the island of Psyttalia , whose sewage treatment plant emits a strong odor nuisance. The upper areas of the city are poorly equipped in terms of traffic and infrastructure, the residential area is within a few meters of the industrial facilities. The sea is also heavily polluted by environmental toxins, plus a large number of shipwrecks that have not been lifted. In addition, the municipality can only inadequately benefit from the resident companies, as the area is designated as a duty-free area. The community is poorly equipped with public open spaces, parks and sports facilities.
In the north of the municipality, Perama has a share in the Skaramangas naval base, which is part of the base on Salamis. Behind the ridge of Agia Triada , a monastery of the Holy Fathers (Ιερά μονή Αγίων Πατέρων) founded by Metropolitan Nikeas was inaugurated in 2009 .
Five kilometers east of Perama Greek starts A 1 , the main Nordsüdverbindung the country. A national road leads over the Egaleo to Aspropyrgos and the A 65 . The streets of Perama are overloaded with heavy traffic and have a lot of accidents, especially since the municipality can only be left via a single road to the east.
With the expansion plans for the Athens tram , Perama should be reconnected to the route network, but the plan is currently no longer being pursued. Local public transport is covered by buses.
Perama is still an important port for ferry traffic to Salamis. An underwater tunnel will connect the Athens ring road with the island and relieve Perama of car traffic.
Individual evidence
- ^ Hellenic Statistical Authority: Publication of provisional results of the 2011 Population Census. (PDF) (No longer available online.) July 22, 2011, archived from the original on November 13, 2011 ; accessed on November 28, 2012 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ William Smith: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, London 1854 ( online )
- ↑ a b c d e f Panagiotis Kalogouris, Nikolaus Lefkaditis: Αστικό Παρατητητήριο - Έρευνα Περιοχής Περάματος, diploma thesis, Athens 2010, teipir.gr (PDF)
- ↑ Ernst Curtius, Johann A. Kaupert [Ed.]: Maps of Attika, Berlin 1895–1903, p. XXI ( online )
- ^ A b Results of the Greek population censuses 1879–2001. available as PDF
- ↑ Outline of the history of Perama on www.perama-odigos.gr ( Memento of the original from September 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Greek)
- ↑ Report at rizospastis.gr (Greek)
- ↑ Report at piraeuspress.gr (Greek)
