Paleo Faliro
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Municipality of Paleo Faliro Δήμος Παλαιού Φαλήρου (Παλαιό Φάληρο) |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Greece
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| Region : | Attica | ||
| Regional District : | Athens South | ||
| Geographic coordinates : | 37 ° 56 ' N , 23 ° 42' E | ||
| Area : | 4.574 km² | ||
| Residents : | 64,021 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 13,996.7 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community logo: |
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| Seat: | Paleo Faliro | ||
| LAU-1 code no .: | 4808 | ||
| Districts : | no | ||
| Local self-government : | no | ||
| Website: | www.palaiofaliro.gr | ||
| Location in the Attica region | |||
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Paleo Faliro ( Greek Παλαιό Φάληρο , Katharevousa Paleon Faliron, Παλαιόν Φάληρον ( n. Sg. )) Is a Greek city and municipality (Dimos Paleou Falirou, Δήμος Παλαιού Φαλος Παλαιού Φαήρο in the region of Attica -South Athens . The municipality, which only consists of the city of Paleo Faliro, is part of the Athens metropolitan area and is one of the southern or southwestern suburbs of the Greek capital.
In ancient times , the area of Paleo Faliro was the port of Athens. In contrast to the current name Paleo Faliro, the name Phaleron ( modern Greek Φάληρο , ancient Greek Φάληρον ) was used. The area of the ancient Phaleron currently includes Neo Faliro (Νέο Φάληρο), a district of Piraeus , as well as the communities of Moschato and Kallithea .
geography
The municipality of Paleo Faliro is located directly on the north coast of the Saronic Gulf , which is also the south coast of the Attica peninsula or the Attica plain (Lekanopedio Attikis) , between the mouths of the Ilisos and the Rema Pikrodafnis . In the middle of the plain, about 6 km from the coast in a north-northeast direction, lies the center of the Greek capital Athens. The Bay of Faliro (older name "Bay of Phaleron"), which stretches from the eastern part of the peninsula of Piraeus (Neo Faliro) in an arc to the east-southeast, borders in its eastern part and in the promontory which closes the bay to the east the city of Paleo Faliro. Between Paleo Faliro and Piraeus, the municipalities of Moschato and Kallithea share the coastline of the bay in its central and western part. The promontory protruding south into the Saronic Gulf as well as the areas east, northeast and north of this are occupied by the area of the municipality of Paleo Faliro.
To the north, Paleo Faliro borders the municipality of Kallithea . This boundary is marked by the main road Leoforos Syngrou (leading to Athens). Paleo Faliro borders the municipality of Nea Smyrni in the north and northeast, the municipality of Agios Dimitrios in the east and the municipality of Alimos in the southeast . The south, south-west, west and north-west boundaries of the municipality are formed by the Saronic Gulf with the eastern part of the Bay of Faliro. The entire urban area of Paleo Faliro is flat and slopes gently towards the Bay of Faliro and the Saronic Gulf.
history
Until the development of the port of Piraeus by Themistocles in the 5th century BC. The Phaleron was the only port in Athens. To protect the harbor, Phaleron was connected to the city of Athens further inland by a wall. All mythical exits of the Athenians - Troy , Crete - started from the port of Phaleron and with Phaleros the place had a mythical eponym . Pausanias mentions the port of Phaleron in his description of Greece : there the sea is the least far from the city; Menestheus went from there with his ships to Troy, Theseus to Crete to Minos .
After the expansion of the port of Piraeus, the port of Phaleron lost its importance, as, according to Pausanias Themistocles, the port of Piraeus with three docks was considered more suitable for shipping than the port of Phaleron with one docks. The Athenian philosopher and statesman Demetrios von Phaleron came from here .
20th century
The development of the transport infrastructure changed the originally agricultural coastal town and its surroundings from the end of the 19th century. The inhabitants lived from agriculture, animal husbandry and, to a lesser extent, from fishing. In addition to growing grain, viticulture and, to a lesser extent, fishing were also carried out. A horse-drawn tram began operating between the coastal town and Athens in 1883. It was electrified in the first decade of the 20th century. In 1900 the first zoo in Greece was opened. Due to economic problems during the First World War, operations had to be stopped in 1916.
After about 1915, some wealthy families built villas near the sea. Because of the rapid development, the place became a rural community in 1925 (Κοινότητα Παλαιού Φαλήρου Kinotita Paleou Falirou ). With the opening of the airboat line from Brindisi via Athens to Istanbul on August 1, 1926 by Aero-Espresso Italiana and later to the then Italian Dodecanese island of Rhodes, Paleo Faliro became the location. In 1942 Paleo Faliro received the status of a township (Δήμος Παλαιού Φαλήρου Dimos Paleou Falirou ). During the Second World War, from 1941 to 1944, German distress pilots operated from Phaleron.
After the Second World War, more wealthy families settled down and numerous country houses were built. As a result of the Istanbul pogrom in 1955, many Greek immigrants from Istanbul settled in Paleo Faliro. The arrival of more Greeks from Istanbul, especially after 1974, led to changes in housing policy. Many villas were demolished and multi-storey residential buildings were built in their place. The current proportion of Greeks with an origin from Istanbul of around 25% has also influenced economic, sports and cultural life.
- Population development of Paleo Faliro
| year | 1920 | 1928 | 1940 | 1951 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paleo Faliro | 2245 | 7110 | 8302 | 12,894 | 22,157 | 35,066 | 53,273 | 61,371 | 64,579 |
Alexandros Grigoropoulos was buried in the local cemetery.
Administration and politics
The city of Paleo Faliro is the only part of the municipality of Dimos Paleo Faliro. The municipal structure remained untouched by the Greek local government reform in 1997 and the administrative reform in 2010 . The region (periferia) Attica is superordinate to the municipality .
Economy, infrastructure and transport
traffic
In ancient times, the area of Paleo Faliro and Neo Faliro als Phaleron was of enormous importance for shipping traffic before the expansion of Piraeus as a port of the city-state of Athens: it was the only port of Athens whose military strength was based on a strong navy. Already after the expansion of the port of Piraeus, the importance of shipping for Paleo Faliro fell sharply. At present, Paleo Faliro is a large port (marina) for yachts. Paleo Faliro has no significance for ferry traffic or transport ships.
As in the rest of Greece, road traffic bears the brunt of individual as well as public and commercial traffic. Paleo Faliro is one of the most important crossroads of main roads in the Athens-Piraeus conurbation. In the city center of Paleo Faliro, the national road 91 (Leoforos Posidonos) coming from the east (Lavrio, Vouliagmeni, Varkiza, Glyfada, Elliniko ) and the main thoroughfare Leoforos Syngrou (Leoforos Andreas Syngrou), which leads directly into the city center of Athens, meet. The intersection itself as well as the approaching national road 91 (Leoforos Posidonos) and the Leoforos Syngrou are developed like a motorway. The road traffic from the southeast of the Attica peninsula to Piraeus and the southern urban area of Athens mainly uses this traffic axis.
After the confluence of the Leoforos Syngrou with the national road 91 (Leoforos Posidonos), the national road 91 continues along the coast of Paleo Faliro to the west in the direction of Dafni and Piraeus and meets the national road 1 (Leoforos Kifissou) as a continuation of the motorway 1 (Athens-Lamia-Larisa-Thessaloniki-Evzoni; European route 75) as well as the national road 8a at Dafni. From there the Autobahn 8 leads to Corinth and Patras in the Peloponnese. Thus, in the urban area of Paleo Faliro, the traffic from the Peloponnese and West Attica to Eaststatica and the southern and southeastern districts and suburbs of Athens on the one hand and the traffic from Paleo Faliro to Athens on the other hand cross and merge. Along the Leoforos Syngrou are the most populous cities and municipalities in the Athens agglomeration, Nea Smyrni, Kallithea and Paleo Faliro itself.
literature
- Lexicon of the Old World, sv . Phaleron, Sp. 2282.
- Stefanos Gerasimou, Anastassios Perdicoulis: Urban renaissance in Palaio Faliro . In: Panos Pardalos, Nikos Mastorakis, Valeri Mladenov, Zoran Bojkovic (Eds.): Proceedings of the 3rd International conference Energy and Development - Environment - Biomedicine . 2009, ISBN 978-960-474-148-9 , pp. 25-28 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Results of the 2011 census at the Greek Statistical Office ELSTAT ( Memento of the original from November 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Wall of Phaleron
- ↑ Pausanias I 1,2
- ↑ Population of Paleo Faliro, Greek Statistical Office ELSTAT, Digital Library (Greek)
Remarks
- ↑ According to community information ( Memento of the original from June 24, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 1910, after Stefanos Gerasimou, Anastassios Perdicoulis Urban renaissance in Palaio Faliro as early as 1908