Pompei

Pompei
Country	Italy
region	Campania
Metropolitan city	Naples (NA)
Coordinates	40 ° 45 ′ N , 14 ° 30 ′ E Coordinates: 40 ° 45 ′ 0 ″ N , 14 ° 30 ′ 0 ″ E
height	14 m slm
surface	12 km²
Residents	24,981 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density	2,082 inhabitants / km²
Factions	Messigno, Pompei Scavi
Post Code	80045
prefix	0039-081
ISTAT number	063058
Patron saint	Beata Vergine del Rosario
Website	comune.pompei.na.it
	; View of Pompei and Vesuvius

Pompei is an Italian city with 24,981 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) in the metropolitan city of Naples . It is located south of Vesuvius on the right bank of the Sarno River , about three kilometers from its confluence with the Gulf of Naples . The neighboring municipalities are Boscoreale , Castellammare di Stabia , Sant'Antonio Abate , Santa Maria la Carità , Scafati ( SA ) and Torre Annunziata .

The city gained particular fame through the excavation site of ancient Pompeii , which was buried in 79 AD by an eruption of Vesuvius and was later rediscovered. Between the fall of the old city and the re-establishment of the city, the area was uninhabited for several centuries.

history

The eruption in 79 buried the flourishing Roman city of Pompeii and the fertile landscape surrounding it under a layer of ash and lapilli up to six meters thick . The entire area became uninhabitable for centuries. Only in the 3rd / 4th In the 19th century there is evidence of isolated settlement. Conditions also remained extremely unfavorable throughout the early Middle Ages. Repeated, albeit smaller, eruptions from Vesuvius, incursions by barbarian tribes, constant raids by Saracens and pirates, and an unhealthy climate caused by malaria-infested swamps hampered the development of a new settlement on the territory of the lost city.

It was not until the 11th century that a small settlement emerged around the small church of San Salvatore di Valle, later SS.Salvatore (Santissimo Salvatore), on the banks of the Sarno, in the immediate vicinity of the sunken and long-forgotten ancient Pompeii, the primal cell of the new Pompeii. In a papal bull from 1511, which is now kept in the episcopal curia of Nola , it is mentioned for the first time as a parish.

The territory came through multiple resale in the changing ownership of many famous families, including the Toraldo , the De Bucchi and the Piccolomini . But the Valle area has always remained sparsely populated. Finally, in 1662 the pastor even had to report to the bishop that Valle had been completely uninhabited for two years due to the unhealthy climate on the marshy river.

Tower of the Sanctuary of the Rosary

In 1740 the church of SS. Salvatore was demolished and rebuilt one kilometer from the river, in Fossa di Valle, in the place that is now the central square of modern Pompei. But in 1876, right here, in Valle di Pompei, as the area was now called, the later beatified Bartolo Longo , a lawyer who had made spreading the prayer of the Holy Rosary his life's work, laid the foundation stone for the Basilica della Beata Vergine del Rosario , the Madonna of the Rosary.

Within a very short time, donations for the construction of the new church came in, first from Naples, then from all over the world. As early as 1883, more than 20,000 pilgrims gathered in Valle di Pompei to address their prayers to the Madonna of the Rosary. In 1891 the new church was completed and consecrated. This year is also considered the year the new city was founded.

Today there is an elevator inside the bell tower of this church. Tourists can use it for a fee and look out over the city. The oldest church, SS. Salvatore, which stood in the way of the new building, had to give way. It was rebuilt at its current location, behind the new basilica.

Population development

Town twinning

Pompei has the following five city partnerships :

city	country	since
Gyeongju	Korea South Gyeongsangbuk, South Korea	1985
Latiano	Italy Apulia, Italy
Noto	Italy Sicily, Italy
Tarragona	Spain Catalonia, Spain	2006
Xi'an	China People's Republic Shaanxi, People's Republic of China	2007