Project 11451

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Project 11451
Russian Project 11451 boat MPK-220, 2008
Russian Project 11451 boat MPK-220, 2008
Ship data
Ship type Hydrofoil
Shipyard "More" - Feodosiya
Construction period 1982 to 1990
Units built 2
Ship dimensions and crew
length
49.87 m ( Lüa )
width Hull: 10.2 m

Wing: 21.2 m

Draft Max. Displacement travel : 7.5 m

Gliding : 4 m

displacement Standard / full: 320 t / 465 t
 
crew 39
Machine system
machine COGAG

2 × M10D turbines
1 × M16.1 turbine

Machine
performanceTemplate: Infobox ship / maintenance / service format 		M10D: 2 × 20,000 PS (14,710 kW)

M16.1: 1 × 10,000 PS (7,355 kW)

propeller 3 × tandem propellers / three-bladed
Others
Top speed displacement travel 12 kn
Top speed plane 60 kn
Armament

Project 11451 with the code name Sokol ( Russian "Сокол" ) (German: "Falke"), designated by NATO as the Mukha class , is a class of hydrofoils of the Soviet design that were designed for submarine hunting . Only two boats of the type were completed.

history

The Soviet designers had already gained experience with military hydrofoils, most recently based on the hulls of the torpedo boats of Project 206 . However, Project 206M , a representative of this type, was powered by diesel engines and only reached speeds in the range of about 40 knots.

A test carrier for hydrofoil boats with powerful gas turbine propulsion, Project 1141, was built in Zelenodolsk in 1977 . Project 11451 was now to become a military version with an armament similar to that of Project 206M. A gun turret, four torpedo tubes and automatic cannons for close-range defense were to be installed. However, the ship should carry a sonar system to search for submarines. A speed of up to 60 knots was aimed for under optimal conditions, i.e. near the coast, in good weather with comparatively low seas . This should be fast enough to overtake any type of submarine and drive away almost any type of torpedo .

From 1981 to 1984 the project was developed in Zelenodolsk and the Black Sea shipyard "More" ( Russian "Море" ) in Feodosia was commissioned with the construction.

technology

hull

Project 11451 in dry dock. Parts of the wing structure can be seen under the fuselage.

The almost 50-meter-long hull of Project 11451 has been modified in several ways in order to be able to fulfill both the functions of a hydrofoil and an anti-submarine vehicle.

Shortly behind the bow, two struts are welded on each side of the fuselage, at the end of which the wings are attached. Looking at the construction from the front, the wings on both sides run towards each other in the direction of the keel. They are bent upwards at their outer edges. The wings will more than double the width of the ships from 10.2 to 21.2 meters.

The diving sonar is installed in the middle of the fuselage . The cable drum and the mechanism for lowering the sensor head take up a large part of the space in the central part of the fuselage and in the superstructures above. On the underside of the fuselage, however, only a small circular opening can be seen when driving.

The engine room is located in the aft part of the ship. The three booms with the drive nacelles are mounted below the stern, so that Project 11451 reaches a draft of 7.5 meters to the lower edge of these nacelles. When planing, the hull rises 3.5 meters out of the water and the draft is reduced to four meters.

drive

Project 11451 is powered by three gas turbines . The drive consists of two different types of turbines and therefore belongs to the class of "Combined Gas and Gas" systems, COGAG for short . An M10D turbine with 14,710 kW each for high performance is located on the port and starboard side of the hull and an M 16.1 turbine with 7,355 kW for fuel-efficient cruising is installed above the keel.

Due to the diving sonar mounted in the middle of the fuselage, the machines, together with their air supply system and the chimney system, are inevitably in the rear part of the fuselage. Each turbine has its own intake manifold, which are installed next to one another on the rear edge of the structure. The exhaust outlets are grouped together in their own small structure at the rear.

The turbines do not transfer their energy to a shaft behind them , but to a gearbox that transfers the power to three drive pods, each of which is mounted on a boom under the stern. Each of these gondolas drives a shaft with two propellers - one on the front and one on the back of the streamlined gondola body.

A similar construction can only be found in project 1239 ("Bora class"), in which the nacelles are, however, mounted on the tip of lowerable booms and not, as in project 11451, on booms that are firmly welded to the fuselage and each other.

With low power at a speed of 12 knots, the fuel supply of the boats allows a range of 1,200 nautical miles . At 50 knots, the fuel consumption increases despite the then incipient planing considerably and the range drops to 750 Seelmeilen.

Two small rudder propellers with Kort nozzles are mounted on the aft edge of the stern to steer the boats . For maneuvers at very low speeds, a bow thruster is built into the bow under the waterline, so that it can only be used during displacement travel.

Sensors

Project 11451 carries a type MR-220 ( Russian "Рейд" ) radar on the main mast to search for air and surface contacts .

An MR-123 “Wympel” radar sensor (NATO: “Bass Tilt”) is installed on the observation deck above the navigation bridge for the fire control of the main gun and the AK-630M short-range defense .

The search for submarines is carried out with an MG-369 diving sonar, also known as the "Zvezda M1-01". Due to the design, the sonar can only be used when project 11451 is at a standstill or when the vehicle is moving very slowly. Since the sensor is lowered on a cable in the middle of the hull through an opening in the bottom of the ship, the construction runs the risk of the cable getting into the propellers at high speed.

Armament

On the forecastle of Project 11451 is a 76 mm L / 60 gun turret of the type AK-176M . It is coupled to a magazine in the fuselage, in which around 152 grenades can be carried.

A six-barrel 30 mm L / 54 automatic cannon AK-630M is attached to the rear part of the superstructure for close-range defense against air and ground targets .

The main weapon used against submarines is two four-tube launchers with 40 cm caliber torpedo tubes . They are mounted on jibs at the stern, one each on port and starboard, so that they can set their torpedoes not only to the side, but also towards the stern or bow. The ammunition for these tubes constitutes the SET-40 - Torpedo .

Ships of project 11451

MPK-215

MPK-215 was laid down in Feodosiya on February 17, 1982 and launched on August 8, 1987. She served in the Black Sea Fleet from December 1987 . It was decommissioned in 2000 and scrapped in 2002.

MPK-220

MPK-220 was laid down on May 12, 1984 and launched on August 20, 1990. She served in the Black Sea Fleet from December 1990 and was named "Wladimirez" in 1998.

MPK-231

Construction of MPK-231 began in 1989, but stalled due to financing problems. The unfinished boat was finally handed over to Ukraine in 1994 . His whereabouts are unclear.

Number 504

The ship with hull number 504 was started in 1990, but went to Ukraine in 1994, only 60% completed. His whereabouts are unclear.

Evidence and references

literature

  • Юрий В. Апальков: Корабли ВМФ СССР. Том 3. Противолодочные корабли. Часть 2. Малые противолодочные корабли. (For example: Yuri W. Apalkow: Ships of the Soviet Navy. - Part III “Submarine Hunting Ships”, Section 2 “Small Submarine Hunting Ships”. ) Galea Print, 2005, ISBN 5-8172-0095-3 ( Russian).

Web links