Kara class

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Project 1134B
Project 1134B cruiser Kerch, 2012
Project 1134B cruiser Kerch , 2012
Ship data
Ship type cruiser
Shipyard Shipyard 61 Mykolaiv
Construction period 1968 to 1976
Units built 7th
Ship dimensions and crew
length
173.4 m ( Lüa )
width 18.5 m
Draft Max. 5.74 m
displacement Planning: 6,700 t

Use: 8,565 t

 
crew 380 men
Machine system
machine 6 × gas turbines
Machine
performance 		4 × 20,000 hp + 2 × 8,000 hp
Top
speed 		32 kn (59 km / h)
propeller 2
Armament

Project 1134B Berkut B ( Russian Беркут Б , German: Golden Eagle B ), designated by NATO as the Kara class , was a cruiser class of the Soviet and later the Russian Navy . The last remaining ship of the class, the Kerch , was removed from the fleet register in 2020 and scrapped.

Mission profile

This class of ship is designed for submarine hunting . For this it is equipped with a hull sonar and a diving sonar (VDS). They have SS-N-14 Silex anti- submarine rocket launchers and RBU-1000 and RBU-6000 depth charges . They are armed with various anti-aircraft missiles and gun systems against air targets . Since the ships only have one helicopter each, their possible uses are limited.

description

The ships of the Kara class were created as versions of the Kresta I and Kresta II classes enlarged by about a third . In comparison, the ships of the Kara class had improved communication and command systems. Gas turbines were used as the drive. The hull of the ships is made of welded steel, while the superstructure is made of an aluminum alloy . The warships were built in a shipyard in Nikolayev in the Ukrainian SSR . Series production was canceled in favor of the Slava class .

drive

The Kara class has a COGAG drive, a combination of gas turbines for high performance and gas turbines for cruising , which was new at the time for large combat ships . Four main turbines GTU-12A with 20,000 HP each and two marching turbines M-5 with 8,000 HP each result in an interconnected maximum power of effectively 92,000 HP for a maximum speed of 32 kn. The sea endurance with the marching turbines is 6,500–7,100  nm at 18 knots, with the main turbines 3,000 nm at high speeds of over 30 knots.

Structural differences

Later ships have an additional porch in front of the bridge as well as other platforms and radomes on the main mast tower. The Kerch received the new MR-700 main search radar ( NATO designation: "Flat Screen") in 1988/89 ; it is also the only unit still active in 2008. The Petropavlovsk has a higher hangar for the helicopter type Ka-27 Helix and additional ECM systems on its sides instead of the missing RBU-1000 launchers. It also has the UPK-5 “Rastrub” missile torpedo instead of the UPRK-3 “Metel” as in the other units. The Kerch was allegedly also upgraded with UPK-5 "Rastrub". As a test ship for the SA-N-6-Grumble system in the aft ship, the Azov differs considerably and only has twin torpedo tube sets, while the other units had five-way torpedo tube sets.

Ships of Project 1134B

The Kerch (1986).
The Otschakow after the sinking in front of Nowooserne (2014).
The Petropavlovsk (1984).

Nikolayev

The Nikolajew (Russian: Николаев) was laid down on June 25, 1968 and launched on December 19, 1969. It entered service in 1971 and decommissioned on December 29, 1992, scrapped in 1994.

Ochakov

The Otschakow (Russian: Очаков) was laid down on December 19, 1969 and launched on April 30, 1971. She was put into service with the Black Sea Fleet in 1973 and removed from the fleet list on August 22, 2011. On March 6, 2014, during the Crimean crisis , it was sunk by the Russian armed forces in the entrance of the Ukrainian naval base Nowooserne in order to block the entrance. A predecessor of this ship was the armored cruiser Otschakow , on which Lieutenant Schmidt led the sailors' uprising in Sevastopol in 1905 .

Kerch

As Kerch (Russian: Керчь), the third ship of the class was laid down on April 30, 1971 and launched on July 21, 1972. She was assigned to the Black Sea Fleet. On November 3, 2014 it became known that the ship caught fire and was badly damaged in the port of Sevastopol during a major overhaul, probably during welding work. On December 30, 2014, the decision was made to stop repairing the Kerch due to the high costs and to scrap it in 2015 - nevertheless, it remained in reserve status in the fleet list until February 15, 2020. After the cancellation, the ship was towed to Inkerman for scrapping.

Azov

The Azov (Russian: Азов) was laid down on July 21, 1972 and launched on September 14, 1973. She was also part of the Black Sea Fleet, but also served as a test ship for the SA-N-6 anti-aircraft missile system. It was retired on December 28, 1998 and scrapped in Sevastopol from 1999 to 2000.

Petropavlovsk

With the name Petropavlovsk (Russian: Петропавловск) the fifth ship of the class was laid down on September 9, 1973 and was launched on November 22 of the following year. She served in the Pacific Fleet and was involved, along with other ships, in the search for the crash site of Korean Airlines Flight 007 in 1983 before being sold for scrapping in 1996.

Tashkent

The Tashkent (Russian: Ташкент) was laid down on November 22, 1974 and launched on November 5, 1975. She was part of the Pacific Fleet until she was sold for scrapping in 1994.

Vladivostok

As Tallinn (Russian: Таллин) the ship was laid down on November 5, 1975 and launched on November 5 of the following year. It was part of the Black Sea Fleet, was renamed in Vladivostok (Russian: Владивосток) in 1990 and finally released for scrapping in 1994.

Evidence and references

literature

  • AS Pavlov: Warships of the USSR and Russia 1945-1995 (Voenye korabli SSSR i Rossii, 1945-1995) , Annapolis / London 1997, ISBN 1-86176-039-6 .
  • AI Sorokin, WN Krasnow: (Russian) warships being tested. Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-327-00764-0 .
  • WP Sablozki: Large anti -submarine defense ship "Nikolaew" (Project 1134B). Morskaja Kolekzia Volume 5/2006, Moscow 2006 (Russian).
  • Norman Polmar: The Naval Institute Guide to the Soviet Navy. Annapolis 1986, 5th ed. 1991, ISBN 0-87021-241-9 .
  • Siegfried Breyer: manual of the Warsaw Pact fleets. Now: Handbook of the Eastern European Marines. Koblenz / Bonn 1983–1996, ISBN 3-7637-4901-2 , section 034.04 for Kara class (last processing status: May 1990), section 034.05 for Kara-mod class = Azov (last processing status: October 1996).
  • Ulrich Schulz-Torge: The Soviet Navy. Volume 1/2, Bonn 1976, ISBN 3-8033-0243-9 and Volume 3, Bonn 1981, ISBN 3-8033-0301-X .
  • Claude Huan: La Marine Soviétique. Nantes 2002, ISBN 2-909675-86-6 .
  • С.С. Бережной: Советский ВМФ 1945–1995 Крейсера - большие противолодочные корабли, эсминцы. (For example: SS Bereschnoi: Soviet Navy 1945–1995. Cruisers, large submarine fighters, destroyers. ) Moscow 1995.

Web links

Commons : Kara class  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ulrich Schulz-Torge: The Soviet Navy. Volume 1, Bonn 1976, ISBN 3-8033-0243-9 , p. 104ff.
  2. ^ Siegfried Breyer: Handbook of the Warsaw Pact Fleets. Now: Handbook of the Eastern European Marines. Koblenz / Bonn 1983–1996, ISBN 3-7637-4901-2 (complete works for continuation), Zf 34.04.
  3. ↑ According to current Russian sources, in the West still higher numbers are given
  4. ↑ FLOT.com: Противолодочный корабль "Очаков" выведен из состава ЧФ (August 22, 2011). Viewed August 22, 2011.
  5. ↑ Russia Sinks Own Warship? The Maritime Executive, March 6, 2014, accessed March 22, 2014 .
  6. ↑ Fire of the Kerch ( Memento of November 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ↑ Fire damaged submarine chaser "Kerch" to be scrapped
  8. ↑ https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/7784153
  9. ↑ https://stv92.ru/novosti/obshchestvo/bpk-kerch-otpravilsya-v-posledniy-pokhod/