Rebutia

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Rebutia
Rebutia minuscula

Rebutia minuscula

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Cactus family (Cactaceae)
Subfamily : Cactoideae
Tribe : Trichocereeae
Genre : Rebutia
Scientific name
Rebutia
K. Schum.

Rebutia is a genus of plants inthe cactus family (Cactaceae). The botanical name honors the French winemaker and succulent gardener Pierre Rebut .

description

Vegetative characteristics

The species of the genus Rebutia are small to dwarf plants that grow individually or in multi-shoot cushions. They have fibrous roots or tap roots . Their shoots are spherical to short cylindrical. The ribs are barely noticeable or completely absent. Instead, there are usually bumps . The areoles on them are circular, oval, elliptical or linear. The weak spines that arise from them are difficult to distinguish between central and radial spines.

blossoms

The often numerous funnel-shaped flowers appear on the side or at the base of the shoots. They open during the day, are differently colored, but often deep orange or yellow. Your pericarpell and the flower tube are covered with numerous small scales, the armpits of which are bald or occasionally with a few hairs or bristles. The short to elongated, slender flower tube is sometimes curved. The stamens are arranged in just one circle.

Fruits and seeds

The small, almost spherical fruits are thin-walled. They are juicy at first, but dry up as they ripen. A persistent remnant of flowers adheres to the fruits. The egg-shaped seeds contained in them are black-brown to black and shiny or somewhat dull. Their surface is bumpy, more or less smooth or has a slightly to pronounced wrinkled cuticle .

Chromosomes

The base chromosome number of the genus corresponds to that of all cactus plants.

distribution

The distribution area of ​​the genus Rebutia extends from Bolivia to the north-west of Argentina . It includes the Eastern Andes and neighboring areas.

Systematics

External system

The genus Rebutia is classified within the cactus family in the tribe Trichocereeae . Molecular genetic investigations by Christiane Ritz and colleagues from 2007, which were confirmed in 2011, revealed the following relationships:






Weingartia + Sulcorebutia + Cintia


 Rebutia II 

Rebutia s. st.



   

Browningia candelaris



   

Browningia hertlingiana



   

Echinopsis et al. a. Genera


   

Gymnocalycium


   

 Rebutia I = Aylostera 

Aylostera


   

Mediolobivia



   

Cereus hildmannianus



   

Stetsonia coryne






Internal system

Illustration of the type Rebutia minuscula in Schumann's description from 1895.
Rebutia heliosa is a member of the subgenus Aylostera .
Rebutia steinmannii is a member of the subgenus Mediolobivia .

The genre was established in 1895 by Karl Moritz Schumann . Its type is Rebutia minuscula . The genus Rebutia can be divided into the following three sub-genera :

  • Subgenus Rebutia : The roots are fibrous and the ribs completely dissolved in humps. The pericarpell and the flower tube are covered with scales, the armpits of which are bare or the hair never has bristles. The base of the flower tube is not fused with the stamens and the style.
  • Subgenus Aylostera : The roots are fibrous or beet-like thickened. The ribs are more or less completely divided into cusps. The pericarpell and the flower tube are covered with scales, the armpits of which have hair and bristles. The base of the flower tube is partially or completely fused with the stamens and the style.
  • Subgenus Mediolobivia : The roots are fibrous or beet-like thickened. The ribs are often clearly visibly divided into cusps. The pericarpell and the flower tube are covered with scales, the armpits of which have hair but no bristles. The base of the flower tube is hardly or not fused with the stamens and the style.

The genus includes the following species:

Synonyms of the genus are Mediorebutia Frič (nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 29.1), Aylostera Speg. (1903), Mediolobivia Backeb. (1934), Echinorebutia Frič (1935, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 36.1), Eurebutia Frič (1935, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 36.1), Setirebutia Frič (1935, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 36.1), Cylindrorebutia Frič (1935, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 36.1), Scoparebutia Frič (1938, nom. Inval. ICBN -Article 32.1c, 36.1) and Digitorebutia Frič & Kreuz. ex Buining (1940).

proof

literature

  • Edward F. Anderson : The Great Cactus Lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 558-559 .
  • Stefano Mosti, Nadeesha Lewke Bandara, Alessio Papini: Further insights and new combinations in Aylostera (Cactaceae) based on molecular and morphological data . In: Pakistan Journal of Botany . Volume 43, Number 6, 2011, pp. 2769-2785 (online) .
  • Christiane M. Ritz, Ludwig Martins, Rainer Mecklenburg, Vadim Goremykin and Frank H. Hellwig: The molecular phylogeny of Rebutia (Cactaceae) and its allies demonstrates the influence of paleogeography on the evolution of South American mountain cacti . In: American Journal of Botany . Volume 94, 2007, pp. 1321-1332 ( DOI: 10.3732 / ajb.94.8.1321 ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Robert Ross: Chromosome counts, cytology and reproduction in Cactaceae . In: American Journal of Botany . Volume 68, Number 4, 1981, pp. 463-470 ( JSTOR 2443022 ).
  2. ↑ K. Schumann: Rebutia minuscula K. Sch. A new genus of cacti . In: Monthly for cactus science . Volume 5, Number 7, 1895, pp. 102-105 (online) .
  3. ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-8001-4573-1 , p. 558-577 .

Further literature

Web links

Commons : Rebutia  - collection of images, videos and audio files