Pandora series

Pandora 49, German poets in Russian transmissions

The Pandora (P) series is a series of books published in 1920 with 40 titles and in 1921 with 12 titles by the Leipziger Insel Verlag as a side piece to the Insel-Bücherei (IB). It mainly contained foreign-language texts with smaller works in the original versions of the authors, with the exception of a title with translations of German poems into Russian , and formed part of the multilingual “Orbis Literarum” (world literature).

Edition history as well as represented languages and authors

Issue occasion

Devaluation of the paper mark and shortage of foreign currency

The idea for the edition of foreign-language literature in the original languages in Insel Verlag came from the cosmopolitan publisher Stefan Zweig . Immediately after the First World War, he assumed that the import of foreign books to Germany for reading in the original version would be more difficult in the long term due to the increasingly unfavorable exchange rates between the mark and foreign currencies. On January 31, 1918 , the paper mark had lost half of its value against the international reserve currency, the US dollar , and three quarters of its value on January 31 of the following year. Their further decline was in sight. Under this impression, Zweig developed his idea of a book production with foreign original works in Insel Verlag in a letter dated February 27, 1919 to the publisher Anton Kippenberg , with which he also wanted to forestall competing companies from other publishers. After initial hesitation, Kippenberg joined in with this project, as he was particularly impressed by the economic argument. So he put it in a later advertising to justify this project that it

"For the educated German who has never, even in the hours of war, lost the intellectual connection with the cultures of Europe, has become almost impossible to obtain books from abroad."

- Insel-Verlag zu Leipzig : Orbis Literarum . Advertising IV 439, 1921

At a meeting in Leipzig in October 1919, the details of the project, which was to consist of three book series complementing each other to form the “Orbis Literarum”, were worked out. The character of the series for Zweig and Kippenberg lay in its classicism, which is reflected in the correspondence between the two to work out the series program. The necessary advertising measures were also decided at the meeting. A first advertisement in the Börsenblatt für den Deutschen Buchhandel in 1919 was intended to draw the book market's attention to the planned book series, and another from February 17, 1920 to mark the business area against any publishers competing with similar ideas. Zweig also pointed to the advantages of leaflet supplements in the series, which refer to all series programs. Well-known authors, such as Thomas Mann , and other public figures were also asked to use review copies for the series project in corresponding publications. Thomas Mann then announced a public statement that appeared in the Münchner Neuesten Nachrichten for the Christmas business in 1920 . On February 15, 1921, Hugo von Hofmannsthal's essay followed in the Neue Freie Presse .

The "Orbis Literarum"

In detail: The “ Libri Librorum ” (books of books) series would bring great works in the handy format of the “Grand Duke Wilhelm Ernst Edition”, which was also used successfully in the publisher's German classics. The texts printed on thin printing paper would be available in linen and leather covers. Medium-sized works and anthologies of poetry would be the focus of the second series, the “ Bibliotheca Mundi ” (World Library).
And finally, in the case of the “Pandora” series described here, which would present shorter texts of approx. 6 sheets , such as novellas, stories, pieces or compilations of poems, the equipment and conception should be sent directly to the one that has been successfully on the market since 1912 with excellent sales Insel-Bücherei to be linked. It would supplement the two series with books of a larger size and, with its own sample papers, special title plates and its own signet, also have its own face vis-à-vis the IB. Ultimately, she only reached 52 titles.
In the aftermath, of course, it can be stated that the audience response hoped for by Zweig and Kippenberg largely failed to materialize in all three book series, which was not only due to the currency stabilization that had already been successfully initiated in November 1923 with the introduction of the Rentenmark . Rather, the buyers did not want to pay the relatively high prices of the entire series and the selected texts were probably not attractive enough for the audience or too demanding.

Export of the series

Most likely, the export of the “Pandora” series was also considered. On the one hand, German-language titles were included in the program that were already successfully represented in the Insel-Bücherei and should continue to be published there, and were therefore already available to the German public, such as Immanuel Kant's Zum Ewigen Frieden (P 3 = IB 228 / 1), Joseph Eichendorffs From the life of a good-for-nothing (P 8 = IB 224) or ETA Hoffmann's Das Fräulein von Scuderi (P 35 = IB 190). On the other hand were z. B. German poets in Russian transmissions (P 49) - a chronologically ordered anthology that ranges from Goethe to Rilke - difficult to imagine for a German readership to be sought in Germany in view of the German-language original editions they certainly prefer. Even the Russian emigrants living in Germany after the October Revolution of 1917 would probably have been too small a group of buyers for an edition of 10,000 copies.

List of 5 Russian-language editions (back of the brochure "Russian Parnassus")

Languages used

The Pandora series was published in the following languages: German (8), American English (5), British English (9), French (15), Italian (6), Latin (2), Russian (5) and Spanish (2). For the Russian-language editions, the publisher even used advertising material in the original language (Fig.).

According to the second stock exchange ad for the “Orbis Literarum” dated February 17, 1920, “Detailed announcement about BIBLIOTHECA MUNDI. LIBRI LIBRORUM. PANDORA. three complementary collections of masterpieces of world literature in the original languages ”, the 100 planned titles should include volumes in Swiss German , Danish , Flemish , Portuguese and Serbian in addition to those in Ancient Greek and Hebrew . However, these languages were no longer used due to the discontinuation of the series.

Authors

The range of authors represented at Pandora , who are dominated by classical music, spans antiquity with Tacitus ( Germania , P 7), through the Middle Ages with Petrarch ( Trionfi , P 20) and Boccaccio ( Vita di Dante , P 42) on Shakespeare ( Sonnets , P 1) and finally on poets, writers and philosophers from the 17th to 19th centuries, such as Angelus Silesius ( from Angelus Silesius' Cherubinisches Wanderer and sacred songs , P 34), Prosper Mérimée ( Carmen , P 24) , Lord Byron ( Marino Faliero Doge of Venice , P 15), Leo N. Tolstoi ( Folk Tales , P 45) and Kant (see above). The series that began with an English-language title was discontinued again with one: the Great political documents of the United States of America (P 52) published by Paul Darmstädter .

Equipment, requirements and occurrence

P 41 Gogol : The coat . The nose , title page with a small row signet

Cover, title plates and signet

In order to visually differentiate the series from the Insel-Bücherei, the publisher initially selected four special Rizzi binding papers. Two of these were used to a small extent in the late 1920s in subsequent editions of titles in the Insel-Bücherei. Conversely, sample papers from the Insel-Bücherei were occasionally used for the late Pandora binding rates, because the Pandora papers were probably no longer in stock.

The series was given its own logo in two sizes, designed by Walter Tiemann in 1920 . While the small signet with which the series began was 20 mm high, the large one measured 25 mm here, was first used for P 2 (Molière: Le Malade Imaginaire ) and adorned all but P 42 (Boccaccio: Vita di Dante ) Ribbon of the 2nd delivery from 1921 (P 41 - P 52). The signet shows in an upright oval a two-masted sailing ship on undulating water and above it the name "PANDORA". It was mostly printed on the title page, but in some volumes it can also be found on the flyleaf .

In contrast to the Insel-Bücherei, the frames of the title plates, which were printed exclusively in black, were provided with special geometric patterns, probably to soften the visual austerity that resulted from the lack of colored printing elements. Up to volume number 40, only six different variants were used several times and from Pandora 41 onwards, title-specific designs were used, so that there are a total of 18 title plate samples.

Illustrations

The volumes in the series were almost exclusively pure text volumes. Only three titles were given woodcuts or initials . In the majority of the volumes, the authors' dates of life are noted.

Illustrations and initials of the illustrated volumes
P 13, Dickens: A Christmas Carol - frontispiece by John Leech
P 33, Boccaccio: Sei novelle - page 3 with initial
P 33 - page 3 with a historical woodcut
P 37, De la Fontaine: Fables - woodcut by Virgil Solis

Fonts

The fonts used all belong to the Antiqua family with the exception of the Russian-language titles. These were set with Russian letters and in the spelling that was used until the Russian spelling reform of 1918 , mostly by the printer of the Leipzig publisher Breitkopf & Härtel .

Pandora 18, Henry W. Longfellow , Evangeline. A Tale from Acady (Leipzig was left untied after 1945)

Conditions and occurrences

For the edition , the printed edition of which, according to the publisher, should have been around 10,000 per title, paper with a high amount of wood and inferior cardboard had to be used due to the post-war material shortage , which often led to damage to the book spine during use, so that many of the tapes only deteriorated Quality have been preserved.

Due to the poor quality of the paper and the weak demand, after 1931 a considerable part of the stocks may be spoiled, as Pandora titles no longer appear in the publisher's directories after 1931. This also indicates the relative rarity of all Pandora titles, which is nowhere near adequate for the print run. Probably only very few copies of printed sheets, predominantly English-language titles, which had withstood the spoiling and the effects of the Second World War , were uniformly printed in the Leipzig publishing house after 1945, i.e. more than 25 years after printing, in a rather unadorned green-gray cover with the printed one pasted over Tied up title plates and sold. These cardboard covers were originally intended for subsequent editions of the title of the Insel-Bücherei, Schüttelreime (IB 219/3), written by the publisher himself . So far, around a dozen Pandora volumes have been recorded here.

German series title

List of German series titles

The following table covers all German-language Pandora print sheets regardless of whether they have been published in this series in every case or have been transferred to the Insel-Bücherei with their remaining stocks, if these texts were removed from the Pandora series.

Pandora number	author	title	Island library number	IB edition
3	Immanuel Kant	To eternal peace	[228/1]	-
8th	Joseph von Eichendorff	From the life of a good-for-nothing	224 / 1B	4th edition after 21. – 25.
12	Friedrich Schiller	William Tell	not taken over	-
16	Johann Wolfgang von Goethe	Hermann and Dorothea	363	EA
not published [28]	Hans Holbein the Elder J.	Images of death	221 / 1A	3rd edition 21. – 30.
30th	Jeremias Gotthelf	The strawberry mareili	364	EA
31	Adalbert Stifter	The forest path	367	EA
34	Angelus Silesius	From the Angelus Silesius cherubine wanderer along with sacred songs	41 / 1B	6th edition before 36. – 40.
35	ETA Hoffmann	The Miss von Scuderi	[190]	-

Acquisitions in the island library

Remaining holdings of book blocks of five German-language titles were taken over to the Insel-Bücherei starting from 1922, as evidenced by private date entries by old hand in the books, and sold with their equipment and volume number. Only editions that had already appeared in the Insel-Bücherei were considered for acceptance, such as Eichendorff: From the life of a good-for-nothing (P 8), or were to be included in the series program in the future, such as Goethe: Hermann und Dorothea (P 16), benefactor: Der Waldsteig (P 31). The flyleaf with the Pandora logo was mostly left with the remaining binding. They also have their sheet number and, in contrast to the Fraktur letters that are more frequently used in the Insel-Bücherei titles of the same name, always have a sentence in Antiqua.

Sale of stocks tied up in Pandora equipment

Inventories already tied up in Pandora equipment were sold until 1924 regardless of the transfer to the IB. With the exception of P 8 (Eichendorff), they were shown as deliverable both in the publisher's general directory, which was not completed until October 1, 1924, and in a list of titles intended for bookshops. The latter contains the Insel-Buch 371 / A ( Beethoven : An die ferne Geliebte ) published in 1924 .

Pandora 12, Schiller: Wilhelm Tell (no IB takeover)

The Wilhelm Tell edition

The probably rarest title in this series, Friedrich Schiller's Wilhelm Tell (P 12), was not adopted. This is certainly due to the length of the text, which was eight printed sheets. Usually only texts up to six, in exceptional cases seven, printed sheets for the island library were considered. It is no longer possible to determine whether it was sold in full due to the low price, but was worn out in schools ( class set ) or possibly also in the theater, or whether the remaining stocks that had not been tied up were spoiled after 1924 because a permanent takeover in the island Library was out of the question.

The "Pictures of Death" planned as a Pandora band by Hans Holbein the Elder. J.

The partial edition of the woodcut series Pictures of Death by Hans Holbein the Younger, prepared as number 28 for this series , which had already appeared as the title of the Insel-Bücherei since 1917, probably remained in the Insel-Bücherei in view of the poor sales success of the Pandora series. The partial edition of Pandora can be recognized by the sheet number "P 28" and, in the case of a few copies, by the inadvertently integrated Pandora flyleaf with the Pandora logo.

Foreign-language Pandora titles in translations in the Insel-Bücherei

The interrelationships between the Insel-Bücherei, which initially served as a model for the foreign-language series, and the Pandora series can be seen in the fact that on the one hand not a few Pandora titles brought the original versions of texts that were previously successfully translated into German in the IB program and on the other hand original Pandora texts, regardless of possible sales problems in this series, later found a counterpart in translations in the IB. Many volumes have been modified and transferred to the other row. For example, in anthologies of prose texts and poetry, changed selections were made or content-related additions, such as afterwords or explanations, but also reductions were made. In the case of the Pandora volumes, the illustrations enclosed with the island books were often omitted. German translations of 20 Pandora titles are available in the Insel-Bücherei.

Pandora number	author	Title b / w illustrations, other changes	year	IB number	translator	Title Illustrations, Other Changes	Year of EA
1	William Shakespeare	Sonnets	1920	898 / A	Paul Celan	Twenty-one sonnets (English and German)	1967
1	William Shakespeare	Sonnets	1920	898 / B	Paul Celan	Twenty-one sonnets ( Wolfgang Kaußen : essay “Celan's Shakespeare” and appendix “Paul Celan: Four early transcriptions of Shakespeare sonnets”)	2001
4th	Ralph W. Emerson	On Nature with Goethe's Nature (Without Afterword)	1920	72/1	Thora Weigand (Nature II) Wilhelm Weigand (Nature I)	Nature - Two essays by Emerson	1913
7th	Publius Cornelius Tacitus	Cornelii Taciti Germania	1920	77 / A	Paul Stefan	Cornelius Tacitus: The Germania	1913
7th	Publius Cornelius Tacitus	Cornelii Taciti Germania	1920	77 / B	Johannes Bühler (also afterword and explanations)	The Germania of Tacitus	1939
11	Alexander Pope	The Rape of the Lock	1920	99/2	Rudolf Alexander Schröder (and epilogue)	The lock robbery. A comical hero poem (Illustrations: Aubrey Beardsley )	1920
11	Alexander Pope	The Rape of the Lock	1920	879	Rudolf Alexander Schröder (and epilogue)		1968
13	Charles Dickens	A Christmas Carol (Illustrations: John Leech )	1920	1209	Leo field	Christmas Eve (illustrations, some in color: John Leech)	2000
13	Charles Dickens	A Christmas Carol (Illustrations: John Leech )	1920	2010 large format	Eike Schönfeld	Christmas Eve (Illustrations: Flix )	2014
17th	Elizabeth Barrett Browning	Sonnets from the Portuguese	1920	252 / A	Rainer Maria Rilke	Sonnets from Portuguese	1919
				252 / B		Sonnets from Portuguese (English and German)	1959
				252 / C		Sonnets from Portuguese (English and German, epilogue: Elisabeth Kiderlen)	1991
24	Prosper Mérimée	Carmen	1920	57 / A	Franz Schnabel	Carmen	1913
				57 / B		Carmen (without chapter 4)	1951
				57 / C		Carmen (with 7 drawings by Ruth Knorr, afterword: Herbert Kühn)	1973
				1399	Kristian Wachinger	Carmen (Illustrations: Larissa Bertonasco )	2014
25th	Ѳедоръ Михайловичъ Достоевскiй ( Fyodor Michailowitsch Dostojewski )	Великiй инквизиторъ. Чортъ • Кошмаръ Ивана Ѳедоровича (The Grand Inquisitor • The Devil. Ivan Fyodorovich's nightmare)	1920	149	Rudolf Kassner (and epilogue)	The Grand Inquisitor	1914
32	Voltaire	Zádig ou La Destinée	1920	171 / 2A	Ernst Hardt	Zadig or the skill	1920
32	Voltaire	Zádig ou La Destinée	1920	171 / 2B	Ernst Hardt	Zadig or fate. An oriental story (Illustrations: Marcus Behmer )	1975
33	Giovanni Boccaccio	Be a novella. Con incisione (Six short stories. With 7 woodcuts and 6 initials)	1920	16 / A	Albert Wesselski	Five very graceful stories by the much vilified Giovanni di Boccaccio from Certaldo (seven old Italian woodcuts, essay by Friedrich Schlegel )	1912
33	Giovanni Boccaccio		1920	16 / B	Albert Wesselski	Ten very graceful stories from the Decameron (changed selection and woodcuts, 11 initials)	1987
37	Jean de la Fontaine	Fables. Avec des gravures sur bois de Virgil Solis	1920	185 / A	Theodor Etzel	Fables (selection of 50 fables, 9 woodcuts by Grandville )	1915
37	Jean de la Fontaine	Fables. Avec des gravures sur bois de Virgil Solis	1920	185 / B	Theodor Etzel	Fables of Lafontaine (Changed selection with 31 fables, 31 woodcuts by Grandville)	1935
38	EA Poe	The raven and other [6] poems. Preceded by The philosophy of composition	1920	1006/1	Ursula Wernicke	The Raven. With 3 woodcuts by d'Aragues (bilingual, afterword: EY Meyer , woodcuts, without "other poems")	1982
38	EA Poe		1920	1363	Ursula Wernicke		2012
39	И. С. Тургеневъ ( Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev )	Стихотворөнiя въ прозѢ [SENILIA] (poems in prose)	1920	259 / A	Theodor Commichau	Poems in prose	1919
39	И. С. Тургеневъ ( Ivan Sergeyevich Turgenev )	Стихотворөнiя въ прозѢ [SENILIA] (poems in prose)	1920	259 / B	Theodor Commichau	Poems in prose (double title by Heinrich Vogeler , expanded to include “Die Schwelle” [translation: Wolfgang Kasack ])	1987
41	Н. В. Гоголь ( Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Gogol )	Шинель. Носъ (The coat. The nose)	1921	24 / A	Rudolf Kassner (and epilogue)	The coat. Novella (Without "The Nose")	1912
41	Н. В. Гоголь ( Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Gogol )	Шинель. Носъ (The coat. The nose)	1921	24 / B	Arthur Luther (and epilogue)	The coat. Novella (without "The Nose", 11 reed pen drawings by Gunter Böhmer )	1958
42	Giovanni [di] Boccaccio	Vita di Dante	1921	275 / A	Otto von Taube (and epilogue)	The life of Dante (title drawing: Fritz Helmuth Ehmcke )	1919
42	Giovanni [di] Boccaccio	Vita di Dante	1921	275 / B	Arthur Luther (and epilogue)	The life of Dante ( Dante engraving: Enea Vico , epilogue: Werner Bahner )	1965
43	Gustave Flaubert	Trois Contes [Un Coeur simple. La legend de saint Julien l'Hospitalier. Hérodias] (A simple heart. The legend of St. Julian the Hospitable. Hérodias)	1921	12	Ernst Hardt	The legend of St. Julian the Hospitable	1912
				76/1	Ernst Hardt	Herodias	1913
				319/1	Ernst Sander (and epilogue)	A simple heart	1964
45	Л. Н. Толстой (Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy)	Народные разказы (The Grand Inquisitor • The Devil • Ivan Fyodorovich's Nightmare)	1921	68	Alexander Eliasberg (and epilogue)	Folk Tales (other selection)	1913
46	Dante Alighieri	Vita nuova	1921	101 / 3A	Friedrich von Falkenhausen (also afterword and explanations)	Dante's new life	1942
46	Dante Alighieri	Vita nuova	1921	101 / 3B	Karl Förster , Karl Witte, Karl Ludwig Kannegießer	The new life (cover picture: Sandro Botticelli , epilogue: Werner Bahner)	1965
47	François Villon	Lais. Poésies miscellaneous. Ballades en Jargon (avec index et glossaire, notice biographique: W. Mullert)	1921	883	HC Artmann	Baladn (German and in Viennese dialect , explanations of words)	1913
51		Fioretti di San Francesco	1921	70	Rudolf G. Binding (and foreword)	The most beautiful legends of St. Franz (title woodcut: Ernst Dölling)	1913

Foreign-language titles in the current island library

Due to the changed conditions on the book market, a revival of the series could not be considered for Insel Verlag, also in view of increasing globalization and the growing importance of foreign languages in today's everyday life. However, since 2014 English-language texts have been published in their original version or titles translated into English in the Insel-Bücherei . So far - as of autumn 2019 - the original Pandora title (P 13) came from Dickens: A Christmas Carol (IB 1426), Mark Twains The Awful German Language (IB 1419), Saint-Exupérys The Little Prince (IB 1411), Max Frisch's Questionnaire (IB 1435), Shakespeare's Love Poems (IB 1443), Rilkes Letters to a Young Poet (IB 1450), Virginia Woolfs A Room of One's Own (IB 1468) and Walt Whitmans Leaves of Grass (IB 1459 - until 1968 German Edition as IB 123: "Hymns for the Earth")

literature

Susanne Buchinger: Stefan Zweig - writer and literary agent. Relations with his German-speaking publishers (1901–1942) . Booksellers Association, Frankfurt am Main 1998, ISBN 3-7657-2132-8
Hans-Eugen Bühler u. a. (up to no. 9), Jochen Lengemann (up to no. 20), Insel Verlag (from no. 21) as editor: Insel-Bücherei. Messages for friends. Insel, Frankfurt am Main and Leipzig 1990 ff. (2008: No. 27), ISSN 0946-3089 (abbr .: IB.M)
Helmut Jenne: Catalog of the Jenne Collection. Insel-Bücherei - The most beautiful of all book series. 2nd ext. Ed., Published by the author, Schriesheim 2008, vol. 2, pp. 466–473
Herbert Kästner (Ed.): Insel-Bücherei. Bibliography 1912-1999. Insel, Frankfurt am Main 1999, ISBN 3-458-16986-5
Friedrich Michael (ed.): The island library 1912–1937. Insel, Leipzig 1937
Helmut K. Musiol: Variations of the island library. (Sales catalog), self-published by the author, Murnau 1989
Gerd Plantener (ed.): The island library 1912–1984. A bibliography. Self-published by the author, Frankfurt am Main 1985
Heinz Sarkowski: The island publishing house. A bibliography 1899–1969 . 2nd Edition. Insel Verlag, Frankfurt am Main and Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-458-15611-9
Heinz Sarkowski, Wolfgang Jeske: The island publishing house 1899-1999. The history of the publisher. Insel, Frankfurt am Main / Leipzig 1999, ISBN 3-458-16985-7
Christian Wegner (edit.): Directory of all publications by Insel-Verlag 1899–1924 , Leipzig [1924]

Web links

Individual evidence

↑ Since Insel Verlag had used the abbreviation "P" for the sheet number, this was also used here as a series abbreviation. Jenne, on the other hand, uses "Pa".
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Link to the exhibition in the German Literature Archive Marbach (DLA) from June 29 to October 16, 2011 "Stefan Zweig's World Library" ( text and pictures ).
↑ Thomas Mann: "Editiones Insulae". in: Essays • Speeches • Essays (Vol. 3). Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 1986, p. 79 ff.
^ Neue Freie Presse of February 15, 1921 (No. 20283), Vienna, pp. 1 f. (ANNO online ).
^ Susanne Buchinger: Stefan Zweig - writer and literary agent. Relations with his German-speaking publishers (1901–1942) . Buchhändlervereinigung, Frankfurt am Main 1998, p. 164
↑ This title was last published in 1918 in the Insel-Bücherei im 20. Tausend in the second edition. The Pandora edition of 1920 could have been completely sold out, because in 1924 the 25th thousand of this title had to be printed in the Insel-Bücherei. Remaining stocks of P 3 would have found sales there after being taken over by IB.
↑ The entire Pandora edition appeared in the IB .
↑ This title was quite successful in the 35th thousand in the Insel-Bücherei until 1920. This means that it cannot be ruled out that the Pandora edition was completely sold out regardless of the different features. In any case, this edition does not appear significantly less often than the 26.-35. Thousands of the IB edition of 1920.
^ List of all publications by Insel-Verlag 1899–1924 . Leipzig undated
^ Insel-Verlag zu Leipzig: Directory of the Inselbücherei and Pandora (Verlagswerbung IV 460, 1924)
↑ The text in the original language, now illustrated by Flix , was published again in 2014 as IB 1426 in the Insel-Bücherei.
↑ The volume appeared unchanged in terms of content with a new volume number and new cover paper as a special edition for the anniversary “100 years Insel-Bücherei”.
↑ The volume has only been announced and has not yet been published.

[1] Since Insel Verlag had used the abbreviation "P" for the sheet number, this was also used here as a series abbreviation. Jenne, on the other hand, uses "Pa".

[Ausstellung_Marbach-2] Link to the exhibition in the German Literature Archive Marbach (DLA) from June 29 to October 16, 2011 "Stefan Zweig's World Library" ( text and pictures ).

[3] Thomas Mann: "Editiones Insulae". in: Essays • Speeches • Essays (Vol. 3). Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 1986, p. 79 ff.

[4] Neue Freie Presse of February 15, 1921 (No. 20283), Vienna, pp. 1 f. (ANNO online ).

[5] Susanne Buchinger: Stefan Zweig - writer and literary agent. Relations with his German-speaking publishers (1901–1942) . Buchhändlervereinigung, Frankfurt am Main 1998, p. 164

[6] This title was last published in 1918 in the Insel-Bücherei im 20. Tausend in the second edition. The Pandora edition of 1920 could have been completely sold out, because in 1924 the 25th thousand of this title had to be printed in the Insel-Bücherei. Remaining stocks of P 3 would have found sales there after being taken over by IB.

[7] The entire Pandora edition appeared in the IB .

[8] This title was quite successful in the 35th thousand in the Insel-Bücherei until 1920. This means that it cannot be ruled out that the Pandora edition was completely sold out regardless of the different features. In any case, this edition does not appear significantly less often than the 26.-35. Thousands of the IB edition of 1920.

[9] List of all publications by Insel-Verlag 1899–1924 . Leipzig undated

[10] Insel-Verlag zu Leipzig: Directory of the Inselbücherei and Pandora (Verlagswerbung IV 460, 1924)

[11] The text in the original language, now illustrated by Flix , was published again in 2014 as IB 1426 in the Insel-Bücherei.

[12] The volume appeared unchanged in terms of content with a new volume number and new cover paper as a special edition for the anniversary “100 years Insel-Bücherei”.

[13] The volume has only been announced and has not yet been published.