Rotermund (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Rotermund

Rotermund ( Rothermund , Rothermundt , Rotermundt ) is an old, now extinct, Rügisches noble family . The family is not to be confused with the Polish Rottermund , which also appeared in Prussia under the name Rotermund .

history

In 1249 Martinus Rodemunt and 1253 his brother Petrus Rodemunt were first mentioned in a document in the Principality of Rügen, initially on the mainland. But knight Rickoldus Rodemunt was already settled on the island of Rügen in 1296. His sons Peter and Pritbor Rodemunt took part in the knighthood alliances with Stralsund from 1316 and 1326.

In the War of the Rügen Succession , the knight Marten Rotermund achieved some fame when he held the castle and town of Garz for the sons of the Duke of Pomerania against the Danes and Mecklenburgers . Nevertheless, he was taken prisoner before the war ended. It was also he who was the first of the family to appear in the possession of von Boldevitz , which was an ancestral estate of the family until 1712. In 1333 he transferred one hundred marks to the Bergen monastery there and was mentioned in a document until 1345.

The family brought forth clergymen early on, so in 1345 Heinrich Rotermund a priest, in 1369 with Johannes IV. Rotermund and again with Hans Rotermund († 1480) an abbot in the Eldena monastery .

From 1369 to 1380 a knight Rickold Rodemund , in 1395 and 1396 the squire Pridbor Rotermunt , and from 1433 to 1462 the squires Marquard and Rickold Rotermunt appeared in documents.

The tribe series begins with Clawes Rotermund , documented 1479-1490, on Boldevitz near Gingst on Rügen, princely Pomeranian council to Wolgast.

The sex was then divided into an older Rügische line, with the estates Boldevitz, Götemitz, Grosow, Kollhoff, Lüssvitz, Maschholz, Muglitz, Neuendorf, Patzig, Rambin , Rosengarten, Schmantevitz, Schweikvitz and Zudar , as well as a younger line in Western Pomerania, who owned the goods Brandeshagen, Broock, Buchholz, Cordshagen, Engelswacht , Hohenbüssow, Millienhagen, Reinkenhagen, Schmedeshagen and Vogelsang from 1582 near Franzburg , Grimmen and Demmin .

Several members of the family were also in Mecklenburg service. Thus Ernst von Rotermund named in 1386 as Mecklenburg vassal. The Pomeranian councilor and heir to Boldevitz, Baltzer von Rotermund, was the ducal Mecklenburg rent master in 1491 , but also negotiated the Brandenburg-Pomeranian inheritance contract in 1529 . Outstanding is his son Güzlav von Rotermund , who was initially in the service of Duke Johann Albrecht I of Mecklenburg , where he was, among other things, monastery captain in Ribnitz , then served for the Danish King Frederick II of Denmark , but finally returned to Pomerania and Duke Bogislaw XIII. from Pomerania was the most valuable advice. In Pomerania he had his center of activity in Franzburg, where he had the ducal palace built, which was the third largest palace in Pomerania.

Epitaph by Andreas Berglase († 1615) and Clara Rotermund in the Franzburg Church

His daughter Anna von Rotermund (* 1580; † 1641) was initially with Joachim von Stralendorff († before 1610), Herr auf Greven and Liedbeke, but after his death with Gebhard von Moltke (* 1576; † 1644), a princely Mecklenburg district administrator and provisional of the Dobbertin monastery , as well as hereditary lords of Toitenwinkel and Wesselstorf , married. She was a very wealthy woman in her time, her wealth made it possible for her husband to acquire Toitenwinkel. When the Thirty Years' War also struck Mecklenburg, she and her family fled into ten-year exile in Lübeck , where she died and was buried. In the church in Toitenwinkel, however, an epitaph has been preserved in her memory. Another epitaph was commissioned by her youngest sister Clara von Rotermund (* approx. 1589; † after 1625) for her first husband, Andreas von Bergelase (* 1573; † 1615), heir to Teschevitz and Pomeranian land rent master in Wolgast, and she herself hung in the church Franzburg .

Her brother Kaspar von Rotermund († before 1631), heir to Boldevitz, Ganselitz and Engelswacht, was from 1608 provincial rentmaster to Franzburg and leaseholder of the ducal mint in Franzburg, and from 1618 ducal Mecklenburg Oberhofmarschall , Privy Councilor and captain of the Land Stargard . The captain Philipp Gützlaff von Rotermund (* 1607, † 1667), son of the last named, became high commissioner in 1643 and in 1648 state deputy on Rügen. With the royal Swedish lieutenant colonel Caspar Detloff von Rotermund († 1711), again the son of the aforementioned, the male line of the family died out, at least in Pomerania. In 1686 he was a cavalry captain in Bavaria and took part in the Hungarian campaign against the Turks , then switched to Swedish military service and was the last of his family to own Boldevitz. His two daughters were Beata Dorothea von Rotermund (* 1692; † 1755) married to the Royal Swedish Major General Carl Gustaf Graf von Mellin (* 1670; † 1738) and Ulrica Amalia von Rotermund (* 1694; † 1724) married to the Royal Swedish Lieutenant General Carl Gustav Freiherr von Marschalck (* 1664; † 1726).

The Rotermund family is run by Brüggemann as a baron .

Courland branch

In 1583 Georg Rotermund , from Mecklenburg , secretary and princely praeceptor of the Duke of Courland, Gotthard Kettler , was enfeoffed with meddles by him. As Jerzy Rotermond in Warsaw , he was raised to the Polish nobility on January 12, 1591 for his services as a royal Polish officer and his bravery in the war against Moscow .

His son Johann Rotermund bought Aahof and Bächof near Mitau , but in 1620 he was not allowed to join his family in the Courland knight's bank. He relied on the above royal Polish ennoblement in his application , but was unable to provide these documents. He also stated that his forefathers held positions and offices in Mecklenburg. His daughter married Dietrich Lupelaw , his son Gotthard Rotermund married Elisabeth Schönmeyer . Around 1800 Karl Friedrich Rotermund was a merchant in Goldingen , his son Eduard Heinrich Christian Rotermund (* 1802, † 1882) was a pastor in Libau and his son Carl Nicolaus Emanuel Rotermund was a pastor in Nitau in Livonia .

A descent from the Pomeranian Rotermund has not been proven. However, since they were involved in Mecklenburg for centuries s. o., the Courlandes continued to carry the coat of arms of the former, a relationship cannot be ruled out and must therefore even be viewed as very likely. Balthasar Rothermundt († 1594) in Schwerin , Daniel Rotermundt around 1610 mayor in Schwerin, Dietrich Rothermundt in 1632 in Wismar or Hermann Rotermund in 1654 at the castle in Malchin may have been members of the Kurland Rotermund .

coat of arms

The coat of arms shows in red a slanted silver bar covered with three red roses. On the helmet with red and silver covers, seven red roses on leafy green stems.

Personalities

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Max Bär : The nobility and aristocratic property in Polish Prussia at the time of the Prussian occupation. Based on extracts from the vassal lists and land registers. Leipzig 1911, No. 48.
  2. ^ Karl Gustav Fabricius : Documents on the history of the principality of Rügen under the native princes. Volume 2, 1841/1869, p. 49.
  3. ↑ Pommersches Urkundenbuch , 1990, Vol. 11, p. 82 left.
  4. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume XII, Volume 125 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag Limburg / Lahn 2001, p. 53.
  5. ↑ LdsBibl. Schwerin , Schmidtsche Bibliothek vol.LXX (7) ( online version. )
  6. ↑ Ernst Münch: The Moltkes in the struggle for their Toitenwinkel family estate near Rostock. In: domination. Development of power over noble and princely property in the early modern period. Cologne Weimar 2003, p. 23f.
  7. ↑ Joachim Krüger: Between the Empire and Sweden: The sovereign coinage in the Duchy of Pomerania and in Swedish Pomerania in the early modern period (approx. 1580-1715). Volume 3, Nordic History, 2006, p. 107ff.
  8. ^ Leopold von Zedlitz : New Prussian Adels Lexicon . Leipzig 1836, Volume 1, p. 27.
  9. ^ Barbara Trelińska: Album armorum nobilium Regni Poloniae XV-XVIII saec. Herby nobilitacji i indygenatów XV-XVIII w. Lublin 2001, p. 236, no.539.
  10. ^ Yearbook for Genealogy, Heraldry and Sphragistics . Published by the Kurland Society for Literature and Art . 1895, p. 21 No. 41.
  11. ^ Arnold Hasselblatt and Gustav Otto : Album academicum of the Imperial University of Dorpat. Dorpat 1889, p. 127, no. 1803. and P. 580, no.7915.
  12. ↑ State Main Archives Schwerin Reich Chamber Court (trial files) Signature: (09.01.01.) 321 ( online. )
  13. ↑ Otto Rothermundt: Some things about the name Rothermundt. In: Der Deutsche Herold 45 (1914), pp. 147–150.
  14. ↑ Meklenburg Document Book : 1297 - 1300; Supplements and registers for volumes 1–4, Schwerin 1867, volume 4, p. 333 left.