Pfünz Castle

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Pfünz Castle
Creation time : 1710
Castle type : Location; Valley or hillside location
Standing position : Ministeriale
Place: Walting - Pfünz
Geographical location 48 ° 53 '20.8 "  N , 11 ° 15' 59.8"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 53 '20.8 "  N , 11 ° 15' 59.8"  E
Height: 392  m above sea level NN
Pfünz Castle (Bavaria)
Pfünz Castle
Castle Pfünz with the walling of the castle garden; behind the parish church of St. Nicholas
Pfünz Castle with the latest addition
North side with portal

Pfünz Castle is a former prince-bishop's summer castle in the Altmühltal , which the Eichstätt diocese uses as a diocesan youth center .

Geographical location

The castle is located in the local area (Waltinger Straße 3) at 392 meters above sea ​​level in the north of the Pfünz district of the municipality of Walting in the Eichstätt district in Bavaria on rising valley terrain. Behind the castle, the former thoroughfare runs through Pfünz, Waltinger Strasse, from which you can reach the castle courtyard via a stepped car park in a north-easterly direction.

history

In 1166, Merboto von Pfünz, a ministerial family of the Bishop of Eichstätt based in Pfünz, was first mentioned in a document. In 1282 Truchsess Albert the Elder from Pfünz transferred his stone house to the bishopric as a fief . He kept the castle hat for himself and his descendants; Albert the Younger and Ulrich are traceable from 1278 to 1282. After 1353 this local nobility died out, and the complex saw changing noble owners. Waltinger, who is related to the Pfünzer, passed the castle to the Zantner, a local nobility from Zandt who had been at Schönbrunn / Prunn Palace since the 15th century at the latest . In 1451 Kunz Zantner zu Schönbrunn sold the Pfünzer Palace to Heinrich Rohrmayer in Gungolding . In 1475, his heirs sold the complex to the Eichstätt Bishop Wilhelm von Reichenau , who built larger buildings here to use the complex for recreation and hunting.

Today's historic Pfünz Castle is a new building from the Baroque era. In 1710, Prince-Bishop Johann Anton I Knebel von Katzenelnbogen had it built together with a large castle courtyard by his court architect Jakob Engel . In 1745, the stucco and bell caster Matthias Perner gave the courtyard a fountain; at the bridge over the nearby Altmühl a water tower, which was removed today, was built to feed the fountain that no longer exists today. The penultimate Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt, Johann Anton III. von Zehmen wanted the palace to be significantly redesigned and expanded by the court architect Maurizio Pedetti ; but his plans did not come to fruition. During the secularization at the beginning of the 19th century, the castle was given to the last Eichstätt prince-bishop and later Eichstätter and Bamberg diocesan bishop Joseph Graf von Stubenberg for lifelong use; he lived here until his death in 1824. Later it came into private ownership; it was owned by the Roman and Limes researcher Dr. hc Friedrich Winkelmann , who lived here as the “landowner”, then until 1916 the Munich academy professor Franz Naager . In 1955 the diocese of Eichstätt acquired the palace and from 1956 redesigned it into a diocesan youth center, with the baroque palace receiving corresponding extensions. Most recently, a central entrance building and a new ward I were built between 2003 and 2005, while ward II was retained.

description

In 1992, the medieval castle house to the west of today's castle, which possibly went back to the stone house of Albert the Elder, was demolished.

The baroque palace is a three-storey rectangular complex with two oriels on the northern front. The eaves side has seven window axes on the upper floors and two window axes on the narrow sides. The portal with pilasters and a broken gable is located to the right of the central axis and can be reached via an outside staircase, which was expanded to a terrace in the north in the 20th century. In the elevator of the portal is the Stubenberg coat of arms made of Obereichstätter cast iron with the year 1805, in the skylight grille the Katzenellenbogen coat of arms (around 1710). Of the ground floor windows on the north side, two are made to the right of the portal and three to the left of the portal; they are provided with wickerwork.

The northern façade is framed by the diagonally placed rectangular corner cores that rise from the ground. The rows of windows on the facade continue in them. At roof height they have an octagonal upper floor with vertical oval openings or panels and a dome-shaped roof.

Inside there is a hall with a stuccoed ceiling from the time it was built on the northwest corner of the upper floor . The plasterer was probably Jakob Eck . The chapel, which was housed in a northern extension after the diocese bought the castle, was replaced in 1990 by a larger chapel extension.

Castle garden

In front of the castle, a walled garden with old trees and a drive-up avenue extends in a north-westerly direction into the valley, as well as a castle pond (originally four small fish ponds, connected by canals, were originally and until the 1970s in a square). The northern wall was originally opened to the landscape by iron bars between stone pillars; It also contained the access to the driveway avenue. Four sculpted Renaissance pillars, which came from the Willibaldsburg Eichstätt and were set up in the garden, came to the Bavarian National Museum in Munich around 1885.

literature

  • The Eichstätter area in the past and present , 2nd extended edition. Eichstätt 1984: Sparkasse Eichstätt.
  • Georg Schörner: The castle in Pfünz. In: Historische Blätter für Stadt und Landkreis Eichstätt, 4 (1955), issue 4, p. 15 f.
  • Felix Mader (arr.): The art monuments of Middle Franconia. II. Eichstätt District Office . Unchanged reprint of the Munich 1928 edition. R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich / Vienna 1982, ISBN 3-486-50505-X .
  • Karl Zecherle (editor): Castles and palaces . Eichstätt district in the Altmühltal nature park. Ed .: District of Eichstätt. 2nd unchanged edition. Hercynia-Verlag, Kipfenberg 1987, DNB  944206697 , p. 22-23 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Essentially after Mader, p. 270 f.
  2. ↑ Collective sheet Historischer Verein Eichstätt 39 (1924), p. 32
  3. ^ Karl Zecherle, Brun Appel, Helmut Rischert: Castles and palaces - Eichstätt district in the Altmühltal nature park , p. 22
  4. ↑ Gabriele Schmid: The Eichstätter Hofbaumeister Jakob Engel (1632–1714) , Augsburg 1987, p. 199 ff.
  5. ↑ Histor. Sheets for the city and district of Eichstätt 21 (1972), No. 4, p. 14, 39 (1990), No. 4, p. 4; Collection sheet Histor. Eichstätt Association 92/93 (1999/2000), pp. 493, 500
  6. ↑ The Eichstätter Raum, p. 266
  7. ↑ Modern youth center for six million euros . In: Eichstätter Kurier of July 15, 2005, p. 23
  8. ↑ After Mader, p. 271 f.
  9. ↑ Collection sheet Histor. Eichstätt Association 92/93 (1999/2000), p. 294
  10. ↑ Eichstätter Kurier from 16./17. August 2003
  11. ↑ Histor. Leaflets for the city and district of Eichstätt 4 (1955), p. 16
  12. ↑ Collection sheet Histor. Eichstätt Association 27 (1912), p. 19, footnote 3; 92/93 (1999/2000), p. 506, footnote 40

Web links

Commons : Schloss Pfünz  - Collection of images