Sandersdorf Castle

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Sandersdorf Castle is a baroque castle in the village of the same name in Sandersdorf in the Altmannstein municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Eichstätt .

Sandersdorf Castle
Sandersdorf Castle, copper engraving by Michael Wening , 1701

location

The castle is located in the upper Schambachtal on the Schambach, a tributary of the Altmühl , on an east-facing, around 50 meter high mountain tongue. The town of Sandersdorf spreads out under the castle.

history

Today's castle goes back to a medieval castle that was built by the lords of Sandersdorf as the Wittelsbacher Ministerial . The sex has been mentioned in documents since the 12th century. The last of this family, Ulrich dem Sandersdorfer, was followed in 1372 by the Rindsmaul family, and in 1382 by Konrad der Kemnater. In 1420 the Forchheimer owned the castle.

In 1420 the castle was sacked by Duke Heinrich von Bayern-Landshut when he was at war with Duke Ludwig the Bearded of Bavaria-Ingolstadt . In 1425 the castle was loaned to the Muggenthalers ; the first owner of this family, Erhart von Muggendal, rebuilt the castle. For this he had been awarded half of the Hofmark Sandersdorf. His plan to unite the two court brands Sandersdorf and Hinzenhausen only succeeded his son Hans Heinrich von Muggenthal in 1507 when Duke Albrecht IV was awarded it.

Hans Heinrich can keep the peasant uprising away from his territory, as can the Reformation . In 1536 Count Palatine Ottheinrich also stopped at Sandersdorf Castle on his Krakaure trip. The castle brewery was founded in 1550 . The castle was destroyed in the Thirty Years War ; Until 1646 it was rebuilt by Albrecht Ulrich von Muggenthal in its current form as a four-winged castle .

In 1646 the Muggenthalers' time at Sandersdorf Castle came to an end when they sold the castle to Wolfgang Unverzagt Freiherr von Roy (or Retz). He had to part with his new property in 1650, and the Ingolstadt professor Johann Jakob Lossius acquired the castle by satisfying the creditors. In 1652 Lossius was enfeoffed with half of the ducal fief of Sandersdorf (and Mendorf). Without descendants, he made Giovanni Dominico Bassus, the son of his sister Lucretia, wife of Tommaso Bassus, heir. The succession occurred in 1675. “Dominikus” Bassus, as he now called himself, also became Professor of Law in Ingolstadt and bought several properties in the area in addition to his inherited property. He had to experience how his castle was destroyed in the War of the Spanish Succession in 1703 .

Without descendants, Dominikus Bassus determined Franz Peter von Bassus, the son of his older brother Johann Josef Bassus, to be the heir. After the Muggenthaler line on Hinzenhausen died out, Franz Peter von Bassus bought their Hofmark in 1725, which he had to sell again in 1774. With him the older line died out; ownership passed to the great-grandson of Dominikus Bassus and son of his half-brother Giovanni Maria with the name Thomas von (de) Bassus.

The composer Johann Simon Mayr , born in Mendorf in 1763 , was strongly encouraged by Thomas de Bassus and as a result was also temporarily resident at Sandersdorf Castle. In May 1787, the castle was searched by Bavarian officials because it was viewed as the "Illuminati nest". Thomas de Bassus was a high member of the Illuminati Order founded in 1776 by Adam Weishaupt in Ingolstadt . Extensive secret documents were confiscated.

Around 1900 the castle was partially renewed and renovated under the direction of the Munich architect Gabriel von Seidl . The coach house in the courtyard, for example, dates from this period. In 2008, Margarethe Baroness de Bassus sold the castle together with the forest land to the Wittelsbach Compensation Fund.

description

The richly structured four-wing complex was built on a medieval basis in the 17th century and rebuilt in the 19th century. The high main wing faces east; it has high stepped gables on its narrow sides and three oriels with gable tops on the broad sides facing the valley, in front of it a kind of kennel with two octagonal corner towers. The lower castle wings in the north and south face west. The St. Joseph Palace Chapel with its octagonal domed tower is located in the inner courtyard. The chapel has a Romanesque tympanum (around 1200). Inside, the most valuable piece of equipment is a crucifix, probably from the Günther workshop in nearby Altmannstein, the birthplace of the Rococo artist Ignaz Günther ; the stucco decoration of the chancel comes from the 17th century, the stucco of the parish room, however, from the time of the renovations by the architect Gabriel von Seidl.

literature

  • Addendum of further original writings, which concern the Illuminati sect in general, but strangely the founder of it Adam Weishaupt ..., and at the time of the visit made to the Baron Bassusischen Schloss zu Sandersdorf, a well-known Illuminati nest, discovered, immediately printed on the highest order of the Elector, secret archives have been taken in order to have them presented to anyone on request for inspection. Two departments. Munich, Lentner 1787
  • Karl Bosl (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 7: Bavaria (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 277). 3. Edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-520-27703-4 , p. 655.
  • The Sandersdorfer. In: Joh Rottenkolber: Home book of the parish Mindelstetten. Mindelstetten 1964, pp. 100-103.
  • Karl Zecherle (Red.): Castles and palaces . Eichstätt district in the Altmühltal nature park. Ed .: District of Eichstätt. 2nd unchanged edition. Hercynia-Verlag, Kipfenberg 1987, DNB  944206697 , p. 66-67 .
  • The Eichstätter area past and present. Sparkasse Eichstätt, Eichstätt 1984, pp. 276f.
  • Jürg Simonett: Bassus, Thomas de. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .

Web links

Commons : Schloss Sandersdorf  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The silent end of an era. Report on change of ownership in 2008 (paid article on donaukurier.de, only first sentence freely readable)

Coordinates: 48 ° 54 ′ 6 ″  N , 11 ° 36 ′ 32 ″  E