St. Johann Baptist (Binabiburg)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Johann Baptist in Binabiburg , a district of the Bodenkirchen municipality in the Lower Bavarian district of Landshut , is essentially a Gothic building with a Baroque extension. The patron saint of the church is St. John the Baptist (Memorial Day: June 24th).
history
The first mention of the parish of Binabiburg ("Punaerbiburch") dates back to 1261. As early as 1270, Aich, Treidlkofen and Frauenhaselbach were separated from the "original parish" Binabiburg, with the first two villages mentioned in a diocesan description from 1326 as separate parishes . The church history of the village of Binabiburg is likely to go back even further. On the one hand, this is indicated by the patronage of John the Baptist, which refers to an early medieval baptistery . On the other hand, Binabiburg was also the site of an early medieval castle, as there was an important intersection there. Initially, the area was under the influence of the diocese of Salzburg and later the newly founded diocese of Bamberg , before the diocese of Regensburg gained the upper hand in the 12th century .
The oldest components of today's church building, the foundation walls of the choir , are Gothic and date to the 13th or 14th century. This could be determined during an exterior renovation of the church in 1964. In the 15th century the choir was expanded to include its three-sided end and vaulted in a late Gothic style; the tower was also built. The nave possessed at the time the same width as the chancel. This is evident from a panel from 1632 that can be seen in the Church of St. Salvator on the mountain. In the years from 1696 to 1698, however, the nave was significantly widened under Pastor Lorenz Zenelli. The builder was possibly Dominikus Christoph Zuccalli . The inscription 16 LZ 98 on the south portal reminds of this . As early as 1691, the tower was badly damaged by a lightning strike and had to be rebuilt as a result.
Until well into the 18th century, the parish of Binabiburg comprised twelve churches and chapels . It was not until 1749 that a branch with its own clergyman was set up in Egglkofen , and the Wiesbach branch was established in 1786. In 1823 Egglkofen was raised to a parish. As a result of the reorganization of the pastoral care unit in the diocese of Regensburg, the Wiesbach branch came to the parish of Egglkofen in 2001; with that the parish of Binabiburg reached its present size.
In a major fire in the village on May 7, 1901, nine properties and outbuildings were reduced to rubble. The church tower and the five bells from 1863 also burned down. The tower was rebuilt that same year. It was increased by 4.60 meters and received a new, 20 meter high pointed helmet on October 3, 1901 . In mid-November of the same year, five new bells in the bell foundry Johann Hahn from Landshut raised. In the following year, 1902, the interior was also renovated, which was heavily sooty after the devastating fire . The parish church received a neo-Gothic high altar, which was exchanged for the former cross altar during an interior renovation in 1966 . This was housed in a wall niche on the south side of the nave, which has since been removed.
The last exterior renovation of the parish church took place in 1987/88. The roof structure was renovated in 1996/1997 . The last interior renovation lasted from April 1998 to October 2000. Among other things, the organ gallery was expanded, the staircases to this were moved from the tower to the nave, the baroque ornaments on the walls were exposed again and the pulpit was restored. The biggest change in the church interior was probably the installation of the people's altar and ambo , which were created by the Eggenfelden artist and sculptor Joseph Michael Neustifter .
architecture
The traditionally oriented to the east hall church consists of a nave to three yokes and a three-sided enclosed choir, which comprises four significantly shorter yokes. The nave is significantly wider than the choir, which is noticeably drawn in by a choir arch . The exterior is structured by pilaster strips ; the original buttress on the choir has not been preserved. The five-storey tower, which is essentially late Gothic, is built on the west side. This has an approximately square floor plan and is enlivened on three sides by pointed arches on the lower four floors. The fifth floor, which rises above the gable roof of the nave, contains the bell cage as well as sound openings on all sides and tower clocks . Through the arrangement of four small corner turrets, the tower merges into the significantly narrower pointed helmet. Sacristy extensions are attached to the choir on the north and south sides . Access to the interior of the church leads through two portals on the north and south sides, which are each arranged in the rear nave yoke. Both portals are crowned by a vertical gable.
The choir is spanned by a late Gothic ribbed vault that rises from brackets on rectangular pillars. The nave, on the other hand, contains a baroque barrel vault with stitch caps that extend to the central axis of the nave. This rises from flat pilasters with multi-step entablature, which in turn rest on mighty plinths with a profiled cornice. The tall, narrow arched windows sit in window openings that close both inside and out with a minimally drawn-in arch at the top. A double gallery has been inserted in the rear nave yoke.
Furnishing
Altars
The altars of the parish church were built around 1735 in the early Rococo style as a foundation by the von Buchbeck ("Puchpöckh") owners of the Hofmark at that time . All three altars have the same structure. A central niche is arranged above the cafeteria , which houses figures or paintings. This is flanked by two round columns that stand on high plinths. Two stucco vases are arranged on the side of the wide cornice. The upper end is formed by a curly-framed excerpt . The frame, including the marbling that is typical for him, is attributed to the Erdinger barrel painter Franz Xaver Zellner. Today's high altar was housed as a cross altar until 1966 in a wall niche on the south wall of the nave. Then it was moved to the choir in place of the dainty neo-Gothic high altar from 1902 and adapted to the spatial conditions with side passages. Before 1902 the church contained a large, late Baroque high altar from 1787, which was decorated with a painting of the baptism of Jesus . The latter was made in 1854 by the Munich history painter Friedrich Hohfelder .
Today's high altar shows a crucifixion group on the altar sheet . Next to the crucified one, Mary, the mother of God, is depicted on the left and the “favorite disciple” John on the right. Immediately to the right of the cross, another female figure can be seen in the background, possibly Maria Magdalena . There are small figures of Saints Francis Xavier (right) and Johannes Nepomuk (left) above the side passages . The line drawings in the high altar marbling, which depict the fall of the Prague bridge of the martyr , refer to the latter .
The north (left) side altar, also known as the Marienaltar , contains a baroque statue of Immaculata from 1747 in the central figure niche. This is flanked by the figures of the martyrs Stephanus (left) and Laurentius (right). The southern (right) side altar, also known as Catherine Altar, shows a Baroque figure of Saint Catherine from around 1730. The side figures represent Saints Leonhard (left) and Aegidius (right). Saint Erasmus is shown in the excerpt .
The modern folk altar and the ambo come from the Eggenfelden sculptor Joseph Michael Neustifter. The side of the altar facing the congregation is, according to Jesus' word, I am the vine, you are the branches . Relics of the holy martyr Aurelia and the blessed Anna Schäffer are incorporated into the altar .
pulpit
The baroque pulpit was donated by pastor Lorenz Zenelli in 1712. The staircase, body, back wall and sound cover are decorated with rich acanthus carvings. Paintings of the four evangelists can be seen on the polygonal pulpit . The donor's coat of arms is on the underside. On the soundboard, four volutes covered with acanthus tendrils soar up to form a pedestal that carries a cross.
Baptismal font
The baroque font made of white and red marble was created in 1711 by the Landshut sculptor Anton Neu. The font covering was designed in 2000 by the artist Joseph Michael Neustifter from Eggenfelden. At the top is the baptism of Jesus in the Jordan .
Way of the Cross
The 15 stations of the cross panels of terracotta were in 2002 by Angela Tripi from Palermo created. They were blessed on March 16, 2003 at the end of the interior renovation by Bishop Manfred Müller .
organ
As a replacement for an instrument by Michael Weise from 1925, today's organ was built by Reinhard Weise from Plattling in 1981/82 . In the course of the expansion of the upper gallery between 1998 and 2000, the organ was also redesigned. The instrument with mechanical performance and electric stop action comprises a total of 14 stops on two manuals and pedal ; this means an expansion of five registers compared to the previous organ. Today's disposition is as follows:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P
- Playing aids : free combination , tutti, trigger, trombone 8 ′ off
The layout of the Michael Weise organ from 1925, which was equipped with pneumatic cone chests , a free pipe prospect and a free-standing console , was:
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- Coupling : II / I, I / P, II / P, Super II / I, Sub II / I, Super I, Sub I
- Playing aids : Mezzoforte, Fortissimo
Bells
Four of the five bells from 1901 had to be handed in during the First World War , plus one of the three bells from the tower of the Salvatorkirche. After the last bell of the parish church was confiscated for war purposes in 1941, the two remaining historical bells were moved from the church of St. Salvator on the mountain to the tower of the parish church. In 1951 and 1952 three new bells were purchased by Johann Hahn, one of which (the Leonhardi bell) has been ringing from the tower of the Salvatorkirche since 1991. Today's bell has a total weight of 1,705 kilograms. Here are the bells in detail:
| No. | Casting year | Caster | Photos) | inscription | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | 1952 | Johann Hahn, Landshut | Mother of God with baby Jesus | In honoram beatæ Mariæ Virginis ("In honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary") | Bell No. 1285 by Johann Hahn |
| 2. | 1951 | John the Baptist | In honoram beatæ Johannis Baptistaæ ("In honor of St. John the Baptist") | Bell No. 1226 by Johann Hahn | |
| 3. | 1747 | Johann Peter Grass | Christ crucified, Mother of God, Johannes Nepomuk, death of a crusader | until June 30, 1917 in the Salvatorkirche Binabiburg | |
| 4th | Christ crucified, Mother of God, death of a crusader |
Surroundings
The village cemetery with around 220 grave sites is located around the parish church. The All Souls Chapel , a massive building with a half-hip and a small west tower, serves as the morgue . It should have been built in the middle of the 18th century. In 1984 the chapel was renovated and in 2002 it received a new roof structure.
Opposite the parish church, behind a representative entrance gate from the 18th century, there is the baroque rectory , which was managed by the respective “ parish economist” until the post-war period. The main building is a massive two-storey half-hipped building with corner pilasters and plaster structure, which was built by Dominikus Christoph Zuccalli between 1686 and 1690. In addition, a traid box in block construction from the 18th century has been preserved.
literature
- Georg Schwarz, Wolfgang Mandl, Gerhard Stadlbauer: The upper Bina valley between the rivers Vils and Rott . Published by the cath. Pfarramt Bonbruck, 1994. pp. 18-21.
- Peter Käser: Binabiburg - churches of the parish. (= Small Art Guide No. 2496). Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2002, ISBN 978-3-7954-6404-2 .
- Peter Käser (Ed.): 1000 years of Binabiburg, 750 years of the Binabiburg parish, 300 years of the St. Salvator pilgrimage church: Contributions to local history; Festive chronicle for the 1000th anniversary year of Binabiburg; 1011-2011. Bodenkirchen-Binabiburg 2011.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Peter Käser: The parish church of St. John the Baptist of Binabiburg . Online at www.dorf-binabiburg.de. Retrieved December 23, 2016.
- ↑ a b c d e f Schwarz, Mandl, Stadlbauer; Pp. 18-21.
- ↑ Käser, 2011; P. 131.
- ↑ Käser, 2011; Pp. 153 and 180.
- ↑ a b Käser, 2011; P. 164f.
- ↑ a b Käser, 2011; P. 179f.
- ↑ a b Käser, 2011; Pp. 178 and 181.
- ^ Organ in the Binabiburg parish church . Online at www.kirchenmusik-vilsbiburg.de. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ↑ a b Bavarian organ database online .
- ↑ Käser, 2011; P. 170f.
Coordinates: 48 ° 26 ′ 20.8 " N , 12 ° 25 ′ 40.9" E