St. Marien (Neunkirchen (Saar))

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St. Marien, Neunkirchen (Saar), tower front with Marian column
The parish church of St. Marien in Neunkirchen, view from the apse over the transept to the tower

St. Marien is the Roman Catholic parish church in the Saarland district town of Neunkirchen . In the list of monuments of the Saarland is the neo-Romanesque church building as a single monument listed. The church is assigned to the diocese of Trier . Patronage day is the ecclesiastical solemnity of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary into heaven on August 15th .

history

The current church building is the successor to a baroque hall church built in 1751 , which was demolished in 1884.

In the years 1884-1885 the former baroque church was built (1846-1912) instead of by the architect Ferdinand Schorbach Hannover the still existing neo-Romanesque Rhenish new coinage. Schorbach was a student of Georg Gottlob Ungewitters , one of the first representatives of the revival of Gothic forms in historicist church building in Germany. Since 1862 Schorbach worked in the Edwin Opplers architectural office , which designed Halberg Castle in Saarbrücken for the industrialist Carl Ferdinand von Stumm-Halberg from Neunkirchen in the years 1877–1880 . In 1872 Schorbach became Oppler's partner, took over the entire office in 1880 and tried to continue to work in line with Oppler's architectural conception.

Schorbach's neo-Romanesque Stumm Church in Brebach as a model for the Neunkircher Marienkirche; After being profaned by the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland , it is currently used as a sheepfold

Shortly before the neo-Romanesque church Neunkircher Schorbach had in 1880 to 1882, silent in Brebach in the same style whose private Protestant church, known as the silent church built near Schloss Halberg.

Architect Johann Heinrich Kastenholz (Hanover) was in charge of the construction management of the Marienkirche in Neunkirchen, and the work was carried out by Nikolaus Zimmer ( Heiligenwald ) and Nikolaus Ballog. The client and part financier of the church was Carl Ferdinand von Stumm-Halberg.

In 1930 the interior of the church was restored. In the years 1945 to 1947, the interior was given a new color scheme during a further restoration. In 1954, a renovation took place in which Marian reliefs were attached over the portals . In the mid-1960s, the chancel was rebuilt as part of another restoration.

The 1980s saw further restorations. Between 1981 and 1986, the interior was painted in color, the north transept portal was bricked up and a new entrance was set up in the south aisle . Between 1986 and 1989 the roof, apse , facade and tower were restored . The planning for this comes mainly from Rudolf Maria Birtel.

Building description

View inside the church
Cologne, St. Kunibert as a creative source of inspiration for the Marienkirche in Neunkirchen

architecture

The church was built in the neo-Romanesque style. The basic architectural form of the church building is a basilica with a cross-shaped floor plan . The nave , divided into a central nave and two side aisles, is divided into four bays . A transept adjoins the nave, followed by the choir with a semicircular apse . The ceiling of the central nave is formed by ribbed vaults, that of the side aisles by groined vaults . The neo-late Romanesque interior of St. Marien is heavily inspired by the interior design of the St. Kunibert Church in Cologne from the first half of the 13th century.

The inside of the church

On the side walls of the choir and in the north arm of the transept there are scenic representations by the painter Franz Schilling ( Munich ) from 1930. The church was painted in gray in the mid-1960s with a few dots of color on the capitals by restorer Mrziglod ( Tholey ) . At the same time the sanctuary was rebuilt. A new tabernacle and ambo were created by the architect Rudolf Maria Birtel (Neunkirchen).

The church's furnishings also include a crucifixion group and a Pietà in the form of sculptural works. They are located in the western sections of the two aisles. There is also a miraculous image in the form of an icon of Mary and a large altar cross inside the church .

The church exterior

On the church forecourt there is a Marian column , which was made in 1954 by the sculptor Hans Bogler (Neunkirchen). It is gray cast iron from the Neunkirchen ironworks . The picture was on the occasion of Pope Pius XII. proclaimed Marian Year and commemorates the centenary of the solemn proclamation of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception ( Immaculata ) in 1854 by Pope Pius IX. as well as that of Pius XII. in 1950 proclaimed the dogma of the bodily acceptance of Mary into heaven .

The bas-reliefs with themes of the veneration of the Virgin Mary in the tympanum fields above the 4 portals were designed by Pastor Johannes Schmitt (Neunkirchen) in 1954 . The reliefs were made by Willi Hahn .

Bells

In the tower of the church there is a ringing of four bells . Of these, the three largest were cast in bronze in 1952 by the bell founder Albert Junker from Brilon ( Westphalia ) . The smallest bell was made in 1924 by Junker & Edelbrock , also from Brilon.

The church had two previous bells, each of which consisted of four bells. The first was from 1885 and was delivered by Andreas Hamm from Frankenthal and had to be completely handed over in 1917 during the First World War . During the Second World War in 1942, the three largest bells were confiscated from the second chime, which came from the Junker & Edelbrock bell foundry (Brilon / Westphalia) . Only the smallest bell has remained in the tower to this day.

No. Surname volume inscription
1 Christ b 0 "O rex gloriae veni cum pace!"
(Ö King of glory come with your peace!)
2 Maria of the 1st "Regina in caelum assumpta, ora pro nobis!"
(Queen, taken to heaven, pray for us!)
3 Joseph it 1 "St. Joseph, role model of workers, supporter of families, patron of St. Church, pray for us! "
4th Andreas f 1 "St. Andreas, lover of the cross, pray for us! "

organ

The organ of the church

The organ of the church comes from the organ building company Roethinger from Strasbourg and was built in two sections, in the years 1952 and 1954, according to a disposition draft of the organist of St. Mary's Church at the time, Alfons Erner. The instrument, the concept of which is structurally and tonally based on the romantic- orchestral organ type, has a special place in the organ landscape of Saar-Palatinate , as the organ's own characteristics have been matched to the acoustics of the church.

The instrument is set up on a gallery and has a free-standing console . The wind chests are slider chests with an electric play and stop action. The total number of organ pipes is 3090. The out zinc existing front pipes were coated with gold and silver bronze different painted , so that different optical tinted pipes groups are formed.

The instrument has 49 registers . Of these, 9 registers in the pedal are extensions of other pedal registers or transmissions from the manual works (Dulcian), distributed over 3 manuals and pedal . As part of the interior renovation of the church in 1985, the organ of the company was Hugo Mayer Orgelbau ( Heusweiler ) subjected to a major overhaul, in which a partial Umintonierung (gain of Schwellwerk ) and the construction of the table took place. In addition, the original sub and super couplings of the Rückpositiv and Schwellwerk were removed.

A sound document of the organ is available with the CD recording The Roethinger Organ of the Marienkirche in Neunkirchen / Saar - Christoph Keller plays works from the French late Romantic period by Christoph Keller .

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
1. Principal 16 ′
2. Principal 8th'
3. Dumped 8th'
4th Dulziana 8th'
5. octave 4 ′
6th Night horn 4 ′
7th Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
8th. Duplicate 2 ′
9. Cornet v
10. Mixture IV-VI
11. Basson 16 ′
12. Trumpet 8th'
13. Clairon 4 ′
II Positive C-g 3
14th Drone 8th'
15th Gemshorn 8th'
16. Reed flute 4 ′
17th Flageolet 2 ′
18th Larigot 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
19th Sesquialtera II
20th Zimbel IV
21st Krummhorn 8th'
III Swell C – g 3
22nd Quintadena 16 ′
23. Principal 8th'
24. Wooden flute 8th'
25th Salizional 8th'
26th Beat 8th'
27. octave 4 ′
28. recorder 4 ′
29 Nasard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
30th Forest flute 2 ′
31. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
32. Mixture V
33. Dulcian 16 ′
34. Basson-Hautbois 8th'
35. shelf 4 ′
Pedal C – f 1
36. Principal 16 ′
37. Sub-bass 16 ′
Echo bass (= No. 22) 16 ′
38. Fifth bass 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Principal (octave excerpt no.36) 8th'
Capstan whistle (octave excerpt no.37 ) 8th'
Choral Bass (Octave Excerpt No. 36) 4 ′
Reed flute (octave reduction No. 37) 4 ′
Soprano (octave excerpt no.37) 2 ′
39. Mixture VII
40. trombone 16 ′
Dulcian (= No. 33) 16 ′
Trumpet (octave excerpt No. 40) 8th'
Cornet (Octave Excerpt No. 40) 4 ′
  • Pairing :
    • Normal coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, I / P, II / P, III / P
    • Sub-octave coupling: II / I, III / I
    • Super octave coupling: III / I, III / P
  • Playing aids : two free combinations, tutti

literature

  • Hans-Berthold Busse: The Marienkirche in Neunkirchen from an art-historical perspective, in: Church made of living stones - 100 years of St. Marien, Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the parish church of St. Marien, Neunkirchen 1886–1986, Neunkirchen 1986, p. 26– 38.
  • Hans-Berthold Busse: Neunkirchen / Saarland, parish church St. Marien, in: Archive for Middle Rhine Church History, Preservation of Monuments in the Diocese of Trier, 42nd year, 1990, p. 459f.
  • Chronicle of Neunkirchen, supplement to the Neunkircher Zeitung, ed. by Jakob Lehnen, Neunkirchen 1909–1912.
  • The Catholic Saarland, Heimat und Kirche, Ed .: L. Sudbrack and A. Jakob, Volume IV, Saarbrücken 1955, p. 32.
  • The art monuments of the Ottweiler and Saarlouis districts, edited by Walter Zimmermann, 2nd edition, Saarbrücken 1976, p. 72.
  • Handbook of the Diocese of Trier, 20th edition, Trier 1952, p. 634.
  • Church made of living stones - 100 years of St. Marien, commemorative publication for the 100th anniversary of the parish church of St. Marien, Neunkirchen 1886–1986, Neunkirchen 1986.
  • Bernhard Krajewski: Neunkirchen then, Neunkirchen 1979, p. 74f.
  • Philipp de Lorenzi: Contributions to the history of all parishes in the Diocese of Trier, Trier 1887, p. 411ff.
  • Kristine Marschall: Sacral buildings of classicism and historicism in Saarland, (publications by the Institute for Regional Studies in Saarland, vol. 40), Saarbrücken 2002, pp. 289–291 and 526–528 and 623.
  • Kristine Marschall: The Church Buildings of Carl Ferdinand Stumm - Style Choice in the Sign of Socio-Political Ideology ?, in: Journal for the History of the Saar Region, Volume 47, 1999, pp. 302–330.
  • Willi Weyres and Albrecht Mann: Handbook on Rhenish Architecture of the 19th Century (1800–1880), Cologne 1968, p. 197.

Web links

Commons : St. Marien (Neunkirchen (Saar))  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of monuments of the Saarland, sub-monuments list of the Neunkirchen district (PDF; 1.3 MB), accessed on July 2, 2012.
  2. ↑ a b c d Information on the parish church of St. Marien at: www.kunstlexikonsaar.de, accessed on July 2, 2012.
  3. ↑ Peter Eilitz: Life and Work of the Royal Hanoverian Building Councilor Edwin Oppler, in: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter 1971, pp. 131-310, here p. 143.
  4. ↑ Michael Imhof: Historistisches Fachwerk, On the history of architecture in the 19th century in Germany, Great Britain (Old English Style), France, Austria, Switzerland and the USA, Bamberg 1996, p. 313.
  5. ↑ Information on the interior of the parish church of St. Marien at: www.kunstlexikonsaar.de, accessed on July 2, 2012.
  6. ↑ a b Information on the exterior of the St. Marien parish church at: www.kunstlexikonsaar.de, accessed on July 2, 2012.
  7. ↑ a b The bells of St. Marien (PDF; 2.7 MB), accessed on July 2, 2012.
  8. ↑ a b c d e The Roethinger organ in St. Marien, Neunkirchen / Saar On: www.jan-broegger.de, accessed on August 1, 2012.
  9. ↑ Organ of the Church of St. Mary (Catholic) ( Memento of the original from May 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Info page of the Orgeln im Saarland website , accessed on July 2, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.saar-orgelland.de
  10. ↑ The Roethinger organ of the Marienkirche in Neunkirchen / Saar - Christoph Keller plays works from the French late romantic period On: www.die-orgelseite.de, accessed on August 1, 2012.

Coordinates: 49 ° 20 '44.3 "  N , 7 ° 10' 44.9"  E