Sankt Kanzian am Klopeiner See
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St. Kanzian am Klopeiner See
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| coat of arms | Austria map | |
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| Basic data | ||
| Country: | Austria | |
| State : | Carinthia | |
| Political District : | Völkermarkt | |
| License plate : | VK | |
| Surface: | 41.08 km² | |
| Coordinates : | 46 ° 37 ' N , 14 ° 35' E | |
| Height : | 442 m above sea level A. | |
| Residents : | 4,480 (January 1, 2020) | |
| Population density : | 109 inhabitants per km² | |
| Postal code : | 9122 | |
| Area code : | 04239 | |
| Community code : | 2 08 13 | |
| NUTS region | AT213 | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Klopeiner Strasse 5 9122 St. Kanzian |
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| Website: | ||
| politics | ||
| Mayor : | Thomas Krainz ( SPÖ ) | |
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Municipal Council : ( 2015 ) (23 members) |
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| Location of St. Kanzian am Klopeiner See in the Völkermarkt district | ||
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| Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria | ||
Sankt Kanzian am Klopeiner See , officially St. Kanzian am Klopeiner See ( Slovene : Škocjan v Podjuni ), is a bilingual municipality with 4480 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the Völkermarkt district in Carinthia .
geography
Sankt Kanzian is located in the Jauntal , south of the Drau, which is dammed up into the Völkermarkt reservoir, and about seven kilometers from the city center of the district capital Völkermarkt . The municipality includes the Klopeiner See , the Turnersee , the Kleinsee and the Georgiberg .
Community structure
Sankt Kanzian am Klopeiner See is divided into seven cadastral communities : Grabelsdorf ( Grabalja vas ), Lauchenholz ( Gluhi les ), St. Kanzian ( Škocjan ), St. Marxen ( Šmarkež ), St. Vitus im Jauntal ( Šentvid v Podjuni ), Srejach ( Sreje ) and Stein ( Kamen ).
The municipality includes the following 37 localities (population as of January 1, 2020):
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Neighboring communities
| Völkermarkt | ||
| Grafenstein |
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Eberndorf |
| Gallicia | Sittersdorf |
history
Early history
Traces of settlement were found on the Gracarca , a low mountain range on the southeastern bank of Lake Klopein, which are attributed to the Urnfield culture (around 900-730 BC) and the Hallstatt culture (around 730-300 BC). These and other finds suggest that this settlement could possibly be the city of Noreia , the capital of the Celtic kingdom of Noricum , which existed between approx. 300 and 15 BC. Existed. Grave finds from late antiquity (300–590 AD) and the early Middle Ages in today's municipality indicate further early settlements.
The early medieval finds from the Carantan period are of particular importance for the cultural continuity in this area . The grave of a Carantan armed horseman stands out. The place name Grabelsdorf / Grabalja vas, on the other hand, is a little more recent and goes back to the Old Testament name Gabriel. This clearly indicates the Christianization of the resident, now Slovene-speaking population, as evidenced by the Freising monuments , which are the oldest Slavic linguistic monuments in Latin script that can already be counted as Slovene. And these were created for the purpose of Christianizing the Karantans resident in the country.
The parish church of St. Kanzian is dedicated to the siblings Cantius, Cantianus and Cantianilla , who were martyred in Aquileia in AD 290 . The parish of St. Kanzian already existed in the 12th century, but probably earlier, as the Patriarch Udalricus ceded it to the Eberndorf monastery in 1106 AD .
Church history
St. Kanzian became an independent municipality in 1866 after the Kühnsdorf municipality, which had only been formed in 1850, was dissolved and the three cadastral municipalities of St. Kanzian, Srejach and St. Marxen merged; as early as 1876, the local community was expanded to include the Grabelsdorf cadastral community (previously to Eberndorf). Three further cadastral communities (Stein, St. Veit and Lauchenholz) were incorporated after the local community of Rückersdorf was dissolved in 1944. In 1973 and 2002 minor area corrections followed.
Towards the end of the 19th century, the first beginnings of tourism at Klopeiner See, one of the warmest bathing lakes in Austria, and at Turnersee. From this time the region experienced a constant economic upswing, from the 1950s St. Kanzian developed into one of the leading tourist communities in Carinthia.
population
According to the 2001 census, the community of St. Kanzian am Klopeiner See has 4,297 inhabitants, 94.4% of whom are Austrian, 1.9% Bosnian and 1.1% German citizens. 12.8% belong to the Slovene-speaking ethnic group . According to a ruling by the Constitutional Court (VfGH) on June 26, 2006, the main town of the same name is no longer officially “mixed-language” due to the fact that according to the VZ 2001 the proportion of the Slovene minority has fallen below 10%. Nonetheless, the Slovenian cultural associations (especially the Danica association) and activities are among the bearers of cultural life in the municipality and all parishes are bilingual .
The municipality of St. Kanzian / Škocijan v Podjuni is part of the Slovenian dialect area of the Jauntal (Slov. Podjunsko narečje ), which is a dialect of the Carinthian Slovene dialect group.
88% of the community population profess to the Roman Catholic Church , 3.3% to the Evangelical Church and 2.3% to Islam . 4.4% are without religious beliefs.
The parishes of the parish of St. Kanzian belong to the deanery Eberndorf / Dobrla vas. You are now bilingual . The Georgiberg / Št branch churches belong to the parish church of St. Kanzian / Škocjan . Jurij , Klopein / Klopinj , Srejach / Sreje , St. Lorenzen / Št. Lovrenc . To the parish church of St. Veit in Jauntal / Št. Vid v Podjuni include the branch churches Rückersdorf / Rikarja vas , Old Parish Church / Stara farna cerkev , Grabelsdorf / Grabalja vas , Mökriach / Mokrije and St. Primus / Št. Primož . The cemetery church also belongs to the parish church of Stein im Jauntal / Kamen v Podjuni .
Culture and sights
See also: List of listed objects in Sankt Kanzian am Klopeiner See
Gracarca cultural hiking trail
The Gracarca ( Slovene gradec , castle, fortified place), together with the Dreiseenblick in the west and the Georgiberg in the east, is a now densely wooded low mountain range on the southeastern bank of Lake Klopein . Its length is almost 2 km. As with the Kitzelsberg or Steiner Berg, it is a so-called Sattnitz conglomerate , a relatively soft deposit from the Tertiary .
Archaeological and historical research in the area of the Gracarca began with Oswald Menghin (1927) and Herbert Pohl (1931/34), whose role model was soon followed by schoolchildren and holiday guests. The first large-scale excavations were undertaken between 1952 and 1966 by Franz Xaver Kohla, the honored explorer of the Carinthian castles and honorary curator for prehistory at the Carinthian State Museum . This department has been continuing the research since 1992 in cooperation with the Scientific Association 5000 Years of Gračarca, founded in 1989 and the municipality of Sankt Kanzian am Klopeiner See.
Museums and parks
- Celtic museum on the Gracarca
- Turnersee bird park with around 1000 birds from 340 species in St. Primus
Observatory
The Helmrich Lambrecht observatory was built in the late 1950s by Ing.Helmrich Lambrecht as his private observatory . In the dome, which is located near the center of St. Kanzian, opposite the elementary school, there are three telescopes. The two mirror telescopes were made by Ing.Lambrecht and the lenses of the lens telescope were manufactured by Zeiss. During Lambrecht's lifetime there were regular guided tours for interested tourists and residents of the region. After the death of Helmrich Lambrecht, the observatory passed into the possession of his grandson Eugen Freund .
In 2009 the observatory was revived by the IAAZ . After extensive restoration work, management was able to resume in the 2009 summer season.
Buildings
- The parish church of St. Kanzian in St. Klopein was an original parish of the Patriarchate of Aquileia . It was first mentioned in a document in 1106 and is an originally Romanesque choir tower church with a late Gothic polygonal choir (1518) and upper storey. The early historical nave dates from the years 1849–1860
- The parish church of St. Laurentius in Stein, first mentioned in a document in 1238, was part of a medieval castle complex from the 12th century, which was destroyed in 1458 and of which only the remains of former fortifications can be seen.
- Branch and former cemetery church of St. Margareta in Stein, below the parish church on the valley floor
- The "Große Hildegardsstock" is a wayside shrine at the foot of the Stein church hill. It was built in honor of Countess Hildegard von Stein , wife of Noble Albuin from the Aribones family and mother of Bishop Albuin von Brixen (975-1006), who is venerated as a popular saint in the Jauntal . In the flat arched niche on the altar hall there is a figure of the holy Carmelite Theresa of Avila. Above it are three more niches, in the middle one is shown Hildegard and two Jesuit saints to the side. The paintings are marked with the year 1717.
- The wishing bell on the Georgibergl . The so-called wish bell is located in the square tower on the south side of the small church. According to legend, virgins who wanted a husband used to make a pilgrimage to St. George's Church. There they rang the bell and prayed for their wish to be fulfilled. St. George is said to have helped them find a husband soon.
- Magdalenkirche in Wasserhofen
Slovenian associations and co-operatives
At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, the organized club life of the Slovenes flourished in the area - not least as a reaction to the emerging national question - and as early as 1888 a branch of the Slovene Cyril and Methodist School Association was established in St. Kanzian ( Družba sv. Cirila in Metoda , CMD) founded (about 1890 for Pribelsdorf and the surrounding area). In 1906 the Slovene Christian Social Reading Association St. Kanzian ( Slovenska krščanska-socialna čitalnica Škocjan ) was founded to promote reading and, above all, language culture, and numerous similar associations were founded in the country.
Hranilnica in posojilnica (savings and loan fund), which was founded in Kühnsdorf in 1890 and promoted cultural work in particular, is of particular importance for the economic and cultural development of the region, the people and the language .
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Slovene choir enjoyed a significant boom, and church choirs in particular became important carriers of the Slovene language culture. Another highlight of the collective Slovenian cultural activity in the municipality was therefore the founding of two Slovenian choirs by Andrej Mičej in 1912.
Slovenian cultural association "Danica"
Mičej became organist in the parish church in St. Vitus and founded a male choir and a mixed choir, which is why 1912 is also the founding year of the Danica choir (later: Slovenian cultural association “Danica” , Slovensko prosvetno društvo “Danica” ) Founded March 1914. The main areas of activity were amateur theater, advanced training events for adult women and men, special housekeeping courses for women, choral singing and the newly established library in the rectory in St. Veit im Jauntal, which was very popular. The tragedy of National Socialism and World War II also fell on the community of Sankt Kanzian, and any Slovenian cultural expression was forbidden as a criminal offense, and all Slovenian associations were dissolved. The first victim of the Nazis on the day of the invasion was the highly respected member of the state parliament and local pastor Vinko Poljanec , who died shortly after his release from prison. Numerous Slovenian families were victims of the Nazi regime. Immediately after the war, Hanzej Kežar was gathering young singers and revitalized Slovenian cultural life. The mixed choir developed from this and has been involved in the community's cultural activities since 1958. From the 1960s, tourists in particular were included in the work, which contributed to the attractiveness of the area. The association is also famous for its popular Slovenian open-air theater performances, which took place in a natural arena in Unterstarrach / Spodnje Vinare: Samorastniki (The Wildwüchslinge, 1978), Manevri (Maneuver, 1980), Velika puntarija (The great peasant uprising, 1986), Požganica (The Brandalm, 1990). The association has held its annual Ples Danice ball since 1971 .
Slovenian cultural association Vinko Poljanec
In 1906 the Slovenian Christian Social Reading Association ( Slovensko krščansko-socialno bralno društvo ) was founded in St. Kanzian . From 1908 until his violent death in 1938, Vinko Poljanec worked in it , after whom the association is now named. This association also cultivated the Slovene language culture and identity. The most important club activities were choir singing, amateur theater, tamburizza music and the management of a library. In addition, educational lectures and cooking courses were held. Michael Kačnik was one of the deserving founding members. In the interwar period, the driving force was Vinko Poljanec . But the inhuman persecution of everything Slovenian in the country and in the community by the Nazi regime culminated in the long-planned deportation of Slovenes into forced labor. Their property was robbed and the club library burned. The resistance that followed, which was supposed to contribute to the liberation of Europe from tyranny, played a particularly important role in the re-establishment of Austria within the borders of 1938. The political and social situation after the war was not favorable for the Slovenes, despite their merits and sacrifices so the club could only resume singing in 1959 with Valentin Hartmann. Johann Kežar and Simon Wrulich also had great merits. In 1983 the male choir, which is still active today, was successfully directed by Franz Starz. Miha Kap, an amateur actor, was chairman of the association for many years. The Slovene Cultural Association of St. Kanzian was re-established to convey cultural values in the spirit and tradition of Slovene folk culture. One of the well-known singing groups in the community is Nomos, which is part of the association.
The bilingual kindergarten Pika in Sankt Primus
Sankt Primus / Šentprimož has had a bilingual kindergarten Pika since 1979 , which uses the most modern pedagogical approaches in order to offer the children of the community essential foundations for personal development and increasing their future opportunities in a common Europe.
Regular events
- Striezelwerfen in Stein in the Jauntal . It takes place annually around February 5th in memory of St. Hildegard von Stein .
- annual ball of the Slovene Cultural Association Danica ( Ples Danice )
politics
Municipal council
The municipal council has 23 members and has been composed as follows since the 2015 municipal council election :
- 13 SPÖ
- 6 ÖVP
- 3 Gospodarksa Lista / Economic List
- 1 FPÖ
The directly elected mayor is Thomas Krainz (SPÖ).
Place sign dispute
The lack of a bilingual place-name sign for St. Kanzian was the trigger for the ruling of the Constitutional Court in 2001 , in which the 25 percent rule of the ethnic groups law was repealed as unconstitutional (see also place-name sign dispute ).
coat of arms
The coat of arms of Sankt Kanzian has the following blazon : “Shield divided in a wave cut. Above in green three rolls (Hildegardis loafs) cut once in natural color, divided 1: 2; divided below five times by silver in a wave cut. ”The five-fold wave division in the lower half of the shield symbolizes the Klopeiner See. The three loafers are modeled on the depiction in the "Great Hildegards Stick" and are reminiscent of Hildegard von Stein and the custom of throwing striezel.
The coat of arms and flag were awarded to the municipality on May 29, 1970. The flag is green and white with an incorporated coat of arms.
Personalities
- Countess Hildegard von Stein , benefactress, saint of the Roman Catholic. church
- Vinko Poljanec , pastor, Carinthian Slovenian member of the state parliament (1921–1927), first Nazi victim on the day of the invasion
- Johannes Ude , theologian, philosopher
- Eugen Freund , TV and radio journalist
- Herbert Boeckl , painter
- Janko Ferk , lawyer, legal philosopher and bilingual writer
- Ingolf Wunder , pianist
- Larissa Marolt , model and actress
literature
- M. Jurič: Cultural work in rural areas using the example of the bilingual community of St. Kanzian in Carinthia , Klagenfurt 1985.
- I. Kavčič (ed.), A. Malle: On the way through time. A journey through 90 years of culture in St. Kanzian , Klagenfurt 1996.
- F. Isop: Church and History. Festschrift 1106–2006 , St. Kanzian 2006.
- A. Polluk: The coping and defense mechanisms in memory of the Holocaust and National Socialism in St. Veit im Jauntal / Št. Vid v Podjuni . Klagenfurt 2006.
Web links
- St. Kanzian parish
- 20813 - Sankt Kanzian am Klopeiner See. Community data, Statistics Austria .
Individual evidence
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^ AF Reiterer: Lebenswelt mother tongue, Slovenian and its current perception - a report . In: K. Anderwald, P. Karpf, H. Valentin (Ed.): Kärntner Jahrbuch für Politik 2000 . Klagenfurt 2000, pp. 340-362.
AF Reiterer: Counting minorities? Methodological and content-related problems of official language counts . In: M. Pandel [ua] (Ed.): Conflict of local signs in Carinthia - crisis or opportunity? Vienna 2004, pp. 25–38. - ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
- ↑ St. Eichert: Grabelsdorf - villa Gabrielis. Considerations on the development of a settlement from the 7th to the 11th century. In: Carinthia I 200 (2010) 105-132.
- ^ AF Reiterer: Lebenswelt mother tongue, Slovenian and its current perception - a report. In: K. Anderwald, P. Karpf, H. Valentin (eds.): Kärntner Jahrbuch für Politik 2000. Klagenfurt 2000, 340–362.
- ↑ AF Reiterer: Counting minorities? Methodological and content-related problems of official language counts. In: M. Pandel [ea] (ed.): Conflict of town signs in Carinthia - crisis or opportunity? Vienna 2004, 25–38.
- ↑ Slovensko društvo prosvetno Danica / Slovenian Education Association Danica, Sankt Primus / Šentprimož : www.danica.at
- ↑ See: List of parishes in the deanery Eberndorf / Dobrla vas
- ↑ Smole, Vera. 1998. "Slovenska narečja." Enciklopedija Slovenije vol. 12, pp. 1-5. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, p. 2.
- ^ Toporišič, Jože. 1992. Enciklopedija slovenskega jezika . Ljubljana: Cankarjeva založba, p. 183.
- ↑ See: List of parishes in the deanery Eberndorf / Dobrla vas
- ↑ Štefan Singer: Cultural and Church History of the Jaun Valley: Deanery Eberndorf, Klagenfurt / Celovec 1979
- ↑ www.keltenmuseum.klopein.at
- ↑ St. Kanzian Observatory (iaaz.at) Status: June 23, 2011 11 p.m.
- ^ Posojilnica Bank Podjuna
- ↑ Ursula K. Sienčnik: Izobraževalno delo slovenskih kulturnih društev na Koroškem s posebnim poudarkom na SPD "Srce" v Dobrli vasi, (Dipl.-Arb.). Vienna 2011, 26 f.
- ↑ Today it is known under the name Posojilnica Bank Podjuna and has branches in Eberndorf, Völkermarkt, Kühnsdorf and a self-service facility in St. Primus. See http://www.pbpodjuna.at/index.php/de/footer/ueber-uns.html
- ^ S. Wakounig: Zgodovina Slovenskega prosvetnega društva "Danica" / The history of the Slovenian cultural association "Danica" . In: Slovensko prosvetno društvo Danica v Šentprimožu: Na poti skozi čas / On the way through time. Klagenfurt / Celovec 2000, 19-28; www.danica.at .
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↑ B. Entner, A. Malle (eds.): Pregon koroških Slovencev 1942: The expulsion of the Carinthian Slovenes . Klagenfurt / Celovec 2012.
JW Schaschl (ed.): When Carinthia deported his own children: The expulsion of the Carinthian Slovenes 1942–1945, historical overview - eyewitness accounts - letters and documents . Klagenfurt / Celovec 2012. - ↑ B. Entner, H. Wilscher: "All Slovenes!" Carinthian Slovenes between disenfranchisement and discrimination. In: Pawlowsky, Verena / Wendelin, Harald [eds.]: Excluded and disenfranchised. Robbery and return. Austria from 1938 until today. Vienna 2006, 54–76.
- ^ V. Sima: Violence and Resistance 1941–1945. In: A. Moritsch (ed.): The Carinthian Slovenes 1900 - 2000. Balance of the 20th century. Klagenfurt / Celovec [ea] 2000, 263-280.
- ↑ See: SPD Vinko Poljanec ( Memento of the original from December 21, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ BILINGUAL KINDERGARTEN KLAGENFURT - CELOVEC introduces itself.
- ↑ Striezelwerfen (needumsseiten.de) ; see also Kurt Grafschafter: That's the custom in Carinthia . Heyn Verlag, Klagenfurt 1999, ISBN 3-85366-899-2 , pp. 24-28. Bojan-Ilija Schnabl: Sveta Liharda Kamenska, "Usmiljena mati Slovencev" in njeni podjunski štučeji . In: Nedelja (January 27, 2013) pp. 4–5.
- ↑ Slovensko društvo prosvetno Danica - Slovenian Education Association DANICA
- ↑ Office of the Carinthian Provincial Government ( Memento of the original from May 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Office of the Carinthian Provincial Government ( Memento of the original from November 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Quoted from Wilhelm Deuer: The Carinthian municipal coat of arms . Verlag des Kärntner Landesarchiv, Klagenfurt 2006, ISBN 3-900531-64-1 , p. 248
