Steinach (Thuringia)
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 26 ' N , 11 ° 9' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Thuringia | |
| County : | Sonneberg | |
| Height : | 500 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 26.35 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 3799 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 144 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 96523 | |
| Area code : | 036762 | |
| License plate : | SON, NH | |
| Community key : | 16 0 72 019 | |
City administration address : |
Marktplatz 4 96523 Steinach |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Ulrich Kurtz (Together for Steinach) | |
| Location of the town of Steinach in the district of Sonneberg | ||
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Steinach is a country town at the interface between the Thuringian Slate Mountains and the Franconian Forest . Today it is mainly characterized by tourism and winter sports facilities and a state-recognized resort . Steinach used to be an industrial town with the mining of iron ore , the stylized slate supplied all over the world and a well-developed toy industry .
geography
Steinach lies in the Franconian south of the Free State of Thuringia and lies in the Steinach valley . It is limited to the northeast by the Großer Tierberg. The Kleine Tierberg (Bocksberg) protrudes like a horn into the city and is populated. In the southwest Steinach is bounded by Lerchenberg and Mühlberg. The Fellberg and the Steinheider Berg narrow the expansion of the city from the west to the northwest. In the north Steinach borders the Göritzberg. The Goldbächlein and Göritz flow into the Steinach. In the northeast, in the direction of Haselbach, is the Wismutteich - a former open-cast mine of the SDAG Wismut , which gradually filled with water.
history
In 1058 the river name "Steinacha" was mentioned for the first time. The diversity of natural resources and the abundance of forests offered the residents of the Steinach Valley a secure livelihood for centuries. The beginnings of ore mining are still in the dark, but in 1414 there were already several hammer mills on the Steinach. In the early days, the iron-bearing rock, which was crushed manually, was smelted in forest forges in the immediate vicinity of the ore deposits. A first iron smelting works is proven from 1519, when a Hans Leutheuser as hammer master receives the permission to set up "eyn Zcerennwerk zu Eysenwerk under the Dyerberg an der Steinach im Walde" . At first there was a racing fire, which was expanded into a hammer mill around 1528. Between 1604 and 1612 Thomas Paul from Nuremberg had the existing hammer mills in the upper Steinach valley renewed.
In 1567 Steinach was run as a village settlement with a mayor . The place initially extended with two settlement centers (Eisenhammer Obersteinach and the Unterdorf) over a length of about three kilometers in the Kerbsohlental of the Steinach. Today's market square was not built until 1920. After a school and prayer house was inaugurated in 1652, a parish office was established 8 years later and the cemetery was laid out. The foundation stone for the old church was laid in 1684, but construction took 21 years.
In 1699 the powerful ironworker and mountain separator Johann von Uttenhoven, who came from Eibenstock in the Ore Mountains , acquired the hammer plants from Obersteinach and settled 60 Saxon ironworker families in the Oberdorf. The modernized plant produced up to 12,000 quintals of iron and steel annually in the form of bar iron, sheet metal and cast iron blanks; At the beginning of the 18th century, the blacksmiths in the neighboring towns of Steinach specialized in making iron nails.
In 1717/1718 Johann von Uttenhoven had a representative residential building, the so-called "Old Castle", built in what is now the center of the village on Steinheider Berg. In 1747, the smelter Johann Tobias Otto began building the “Ottenhof”, which is also known locally as the “New Castle”. In 1769 a fairytale mill was built. It was from here that the production of marbles began south of the Thuringian Forest. The small stone balls ( marbles ) were originally used in naval warfare to shoot the enemy rigging and later became a popular and widespread children's toy . The milling trade for the production of marbles made of limestone spread rapidly in the Meininger Oberland . In 1900 there were 87 Märbelmühlen in operation. In 1799 Steinach was given the right to hold annual markets twice a year.
In 1735, Johann Michael Vetter, a miner from Hammern , noticed fine crystalline limestone layers , the so-called "ocher lime", embedded in the rock layers of graptolite slate . With his discovery, he founded the Steinach mineral paint factory, which existed until 1926, with the main product gold ocher .
The Vitriolwerk, inaugurated in Steinach in 1778, used the locally broken graptholilth slate to produce the chemical raw materials alum and vitriol .
On the Steinacher Pfeiffersberg and the Weinberg, a maximum of 90 cm thick layers of Upper Devonian rock that contained layers of so-called whetstone slate were opened up by mining . In Steinach in 1862 supplied 16 Wetzsteinmacher in 1800 four Wetzsteinmacher were counted, the German domestic market with "Thuringian water stones" - also rubbing plates, shaving and pen knife stones and accessories for Gerber, watchmakers and tinsmith. This rare craft only died out in Steinach in 1968.
In 1844 the village of Steinach and the Hammerwerk Obersteinach were united. In the same year, the Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen acquired the mines and smelters. For the workers, this ended their bondage-like dependence on the smelter. But mining gradually became unprofitable. The shutdown of the last blast furnace and thus the end of iron ore mining took place in 1867 with around 150 employees at last because of the superior competition from the Ruhr area . A second state ironworks in the upper Steinach valley was converted into an iron foundry in 1868, which specialized in the manufacture of cast iron furnaces. This factory was later a foundry of VEB Thuringia Sonneberg during the GDR era and was privatized after reunification. From the middle of the 19th century, the Steinacher glassworks, toy production and pencil making formed the economic basis of the community. The slate pen and slate trade, concentrated around Steinach, rose to become a world monopoly by 1900. With the manual production of glass and toys, around 100 small family businesses were created in the course of the predominant homework during the late 19th century, whose economic existence was determined within narrow limits by a regional publishing system . With the rapid economic development, the place expanded with numerous new buildings in the early days. The basilica church was inaugurated in 1899 based on a design by the architect Franz Schwechten . For the beginning tourism and winter sports, hotels, inns and guesthouses were opened, a guide was mentioned: Hotel Loreley, Hotel Eisenhammer, the inns Zur Höll, Deutsches Haus, Greiner-Wohleben, Reich and Zur Recreation.
In 1920 Steinach was granted town charter and the first cinema was opened as Apollo-Lichtspiele. After the First World War , industrialization continued in Steinach: there were two breweries (Hammerbräu and Stauchenbräu), a book publisher (Bernhard Behncke), the Demmler cardboard box factory, the Demmler Christmas tree decoration factory, the Wernerhütte glass factory, the Müller's Louis Söhne glassworks Thuringian glass wool industry formerly S. Koch.
To prevent destruction, the city was handed over to American troops by citizens in 1945. In 1961, with the exception of Steinach , the district of Sonneberg was declared a restricted border area. Steinach now had around 8,000 inhabitants. In 1989 the Monday demonstrations also took place in the Steinach Church.
Since 2007 Steinach and the neighboring town of Lauscha have been planning to merge to form Steinach-Lauscha. Today we are striving for closer cooperation in the city triangle Steinach-Lauscha-Neuhaus am Rennweg. The city association will form a partially functional medium-sized center , which was planned in the 2004 state development plan as the medium-sized center Neuhaus am Rennweg / Lauscha .
Town view from Fellberg
Town center (2009)
typical house (at the train station)
the station
politics
City council
The city council consists of 16 members and has been composed as follows since the local elections on May 26, 2019 :
| Political party | Seats |
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| CDU | 5 (+1) |
| Together for Steinach (GfS) | 4 (−3) |
| AfD | 4 (+4) |
| FDP | 2 (−1) |
| LEFT | 1 (−1) |
In the election of the mayor on April 15, 2018 , Ulrich Kurtz, candidate of the community of voters Together for Steinach, was re-elected with 90% of the votes (+25.3 percentage points compared to 2012). The turnout was 44.5% (−21 percentage points).
coat of arms
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Blazon : “In the black frame there is a silver triangle pointing downwards from above; from the tip down to the edge of the coat of arms a curved silver band shows the stylized Steinach river; to the left and right of the stylized Steinach river, the base is light blue; On the left on the light blue surface there is a slate in gold, an upright container with seven slate pens; On the right on the light blue surface there are four wooden toy blocks in golden color that are getting smaller towards the top. " |
| Justification of the coat of arms: The coat of arms shows on both sides the most important branches of industry that are or were established in Steinach. On the left you can see slate pens and slates that were exported from Steinach all over the world. On the right, the stacked cubes symbolize the toy industry in Steinach. The Steinach flows in the middle. |
Partnerships
Steinach has had a partnership with the Württemberg community of Korb since 1991 .
Since November 17, 2012 there has also been an official city partnership with the city of Gostyń in Poland.
Culture and sights
- Ensemble Sankt-Peter-und-Pauls-Basilika and Südschule in Kirchstrasse
- Ensemble market place
- Figure by Werner Stötzer "The naked man on the sports field"; Basis for the DEFA film of the same name
- eleven preserved fountains in various designs
Peter and Paul Basilica
South school
North school
"The naked man on the sports field"
Museums
- The Slate Museum in the New Palace, the only museum of its kind, deals with the slate industry and the theoretical foundations of slate
- Museum Steinacher toy box in the New Palace, as a collection of toys made in Steinach from different times.
New Palace at
Dr.-Max-Volk-Strasse 21
Slate scribing machine for scribing lines in slates, slate museum
Slate processing, slate museum
Regular events
- annually in May: Festival of Choral Music
- Beginning / middle of June: Steinacher Brunnenfest (four days)
- last weekend in June: Vogelsberg Festival
- Mid-July downhill "111 miles from Silbersattel"
- In the 3rd week of July there has been a sculpture symposium with a number of cultural events since 2005
- 3rd weekend in August: Steinacher Kirchweihe (Stänichä Kerwa) (four days; largest festival in South Thuringia)
- second Advent weekend: Christmas under the "silver bell" (two days)
- second weekend in December: opening of the Thuringian ski winter in the Silbersattel ski arena
Economy and Infrastructure
Today the economy of Steinach is mainly characterized by tourism and especially by winter sports . The ski arena on the Silbersattel (Fellberg) in particular is popular with many tourists. Another mainstay of the economy is the toy industry ( Marolin , Plaho, Ogas) and an iron foundry for hand-molded casting ( Heunisch-Guss ).
traffic
The Coburg – Ernstthal am Rennsteig railway line , which was extended on October 1, 1886 from Sonneberg to Lauscha, runs through the village , with the stations "Steinach (Thür)" and "Steinach (Thür) Süd". It was leased and renovated in 2001 by the Thuringian Railway (ThE) in the Sonneberg – Ernstthal section. Since 2002, the Süd-Thüringen-Bahn has been using Stadler Regio-Shuttle RS1 railcars every hour as STB 42 on the route Sonneberg - Lauscha - Ernstthal am Rennsteig - Neuhaus am Rennweg. From Steinach, the journey to Sonneberg and Neuhaus takes 26 and 28 minutes, respectively.
The Lauschaer Straße leads north to Steinheid , Lauscha and finally Neuhaus am Rennweg . In the south the Sonneberger Straße leads to Blechhammer , Hüttengrund and finally to Sonneberg . The Haselbacher Straße leads to Haselbach, Hasenthal and Eschenthal (today also districts of the city of Sonneberg) and the Alte Hämmerer Weg to Mengersgereuth- Hammern .
Educational institutions
- Day care center "Villa Sonnenschein" in the Ringstrasse
- Südschule Steinach State primary school on Julius-Knye-Strasse and Kirchstrasse
- Nordschule Steinach State regular school in Lauschaer Straße
Leisure and sports facilities
The sports club SV 08 Steinach with 592 members (as of July 1, 2013) is one of the largest sports clubs in the district of Sonneberg, departments: football, winter sports, bowling, table tennis, volleyball, gymnastics and taekwondo.
- Skiarena Silbersattel as the largest ski area in Thuringia
- Steinacher high ropes course
- Experience ski jumping as a world first
- Sports hall and bowling alley in Scotland 27th
- Youth and club house in Kirchstrasse 2
- Ski and snowboard school on the Silbersattel in the winter season
- sports ground
- City library with internet workstations
Healthcare
In addition to several practicing doctors, there is also the DRK Sonneberg eV with its Steinach medical group and an emergency doctor parking space for the Regiomed-Kliniken group.
Personalities
Sons and Daughters of the Church:
- Viktor Weigelt (1878–1946), politician ( SPD ).
- Ernst Tzschach (1911–1971), football goalkeeper
- Werner Scheler (1923–2018), doctor and pharmacologist
- Gerhard Scheler (1930–2014), physicist and pioneer of NMR spectroscopy
- Johannes Künzel (1931–2008), singer (bass baritone) and singing teacher
- Rolf Langbein (1932–2018), mineralogist and petrologist
- Ludwig opinion (1936–2018), astrophysicist, astronomer and botanist
- Helmut Müller (* 1937), soccer player
- Wolf Bauer (* 1939), politician (CDU)
- Ernst Bätz (1942–2001), football player
- Horst Queck (* 1943), ski jumper
- Bertram Weigel (1950–1976), artist
- Reinhard Jacob (* 1951), sculptor and medalist
- Klaus Vieweg (* 1953), philosopher
- Christine Zitzmann (* 1954), politician, district administrator of the Sonneberg district and former member of the state parliament
- Claudia Tiersch (* 1967), historian
Other personalities:
- Max Volk (1900–1969), teacher and scientist
- Werner Stötzer (1931–2010), visual artist
- Werner Linß (1937–2012), football player
- Heinz Hübner (* 1952), politician (FDP); lives in Steinach
dialect
The Steinacher dialect is the northeastern variant of Itzgründischen , which merges into southeast Thuringia at the linguistic border on Rennsteig . At the beginning of the 20th century, a dialect border ran right through Steinach and separated what was then Oberdorf, which, like the neighboring Lauscha, had a Bohemian-Swabian dialect , which in Obersteinach had an Ore Mountains-South Meissen influence, from the Unterdorf with an Itzgründischen close to the Sonneberg dialect Dialect. Later the Unterdörfer and Oberdörfer language became one and the Itzgründischen dialect prevailed. The Steinacher dialect is one of the Main Franconian dialects. As an example of dialect poetry, here is a poem about the city's nicknames. The author is unknown.
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literature
- Max Volk: The silver bell and other legends . Eichhorn, Steinach 1949.
- Emil Luthardt: Dialect and folklore from Steinach, Thuringian Forest, and dialect geographic investigations in the district of Sonneberg, in the district of Eisfeld, district of Hildburghausen and in Scheibe in the district of Oberweißbach, district of Rudolstadt. Hamburg 1963, (Hamburg, University, dissertation, from March 22, 1963; typed).
- Werner Matthäi: 450 years Steinach (Thür.). Contributions to the history of the place on the occasion of its anniversary in 1969. Council of the City of Steinach, Steinach 1969.
- Alfred Steiner: Schdänichä Wöadäbuch. (Dictionary of the Steinacher language). Office supplies Eichhorn, Steinach 1995.
Individual evidence
- ^ Population of the municipalities from the Thuringian State Office for Statistics ( help on this ).
- ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( Memento of the original from October 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ a b c d Chapter Steinach in the collection between Rennsteig and Sonneberg . Values of our homeland Volume 39: (2nd report. Edition. 1986)
- ↑ Günther Hoppe, Jürgen John: Sites and monuments of history in the districts of Erfurt, Gera, Suhl (= historical guide. ). Urania-Verlag, Leipzig et al. 1978, p. 249 f.
- ^ Georg Brückner : Regional studies of the Duchy of Meiningen. Part 2: The topography of the country. Brückner and Renner, Meinigen 1853, p. 471 ff.
- ↑ Günther Hoppe, Jürgen John: Sites and monuments of history in the districts of Erfurt, Gera, Suhl (= historical guide. ). Urania-Verlag, Leipzig et al. 1978, p. 250.
- ↑ Ministry of Building and Transport Thuringia (Ed.): State Development Plan 2004. ( PDF )
- ↑ Local elections in Thuringia - election results 2019
- ↑ Local elections in Thuringia - election results 2014.
- ↑ Main statutes of the city of Steinach. Retrieved October 15, 2019 .
- ^ City partner Gostyn .
Web links
Föritztal | Frankenblick | Goldisthal | Lauscha | Neuhaus am Rennweg | Schalkau | Sonneberg | Steinach