Kurmainzisches Schloss (Tauberbischofsheim)

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Kurmainzisches Schloss Tauberbischofsheim
with a tower tower and Tauberfränkisches Landscape Museum

The Kurmainzische Schloss Tauberbischofsheim (also Schloss Tauberbischofsheim , former castle or city ​​castle in Bischofsheim ) in Tauberbischofsheim in the Main-Tauber district has its origins in a medieval city ​​castle from the 13th century, of which today only the keep , called the tower tower , has been preserved is. In the 16th century the castle was replaced by the Electorate of Mainz Castle, which frames the tower tower from all sides. The castle served as the seat of the archbishop's bailiffs of the Mainz Electoral State and is now home to the Tauber Franconian Landscape Museum .

history

View of the Electoral Mainz Castle with the tower tower (2014)

In the 13th century, the Electoral Mainz Castle Tauberbischofsheim was built as a former city castle. In the 16th century, the former town castle was replaced by the Electoral Mainz Palace, which served as the seat of the Archbishop's bailiffs from Kurmainz until 1803. The architectural style of the 16th century can be recognized by the spacious courtyard and the numerous decorations. The castle has been located in the middle of the grown town of Tauberbischofsheim near the center since the 19th century.

investment

Former city castle

From the former town castle from the Middle Ages , the tower tower is still preserved as a former donjon. The city castle was at the southernmost point of the former city wall in a strategically good location near the confluence of the Brehmbach in the Tauber . The surrounding area could be monitored from the 28 meter high tower tower. The former entrance to the tower is about 8 meters high and the outer walls are about 2 meters thick. Due to the round shape of the tower, it is concluded that it will be added later.

In the past, the city castle was probably designed in a triangular shape and had a moat filled with water towards the city. This moat, the tower tower and two other preserved round defense towers in the northwest and northeast served to defend the city. The moat was later leveled and formed the palace square . In the south there are wall remains of other buildings as well as a connecting piece of the former city castle with the former city wall. In the north-west there is an old exit that led directly to the city wall.

Electoral Mainz Castle

The conversion to the castle and its architectural style from the 16th century can be recognized by the spacious courtyard and by numerous decorations, for example an altar bay window on the courtyard facade of the castle and numerous corner cuboids. Half-timbered houses frame the stone buildings of the castle, which also lean against a higher part of the castle and the city wall. The palace itself was partially built from half-timbered buildings from the former city castle.

  • Views of the Electoral Mainz Castle Tauberbischofsheim with the tower tower and the Tauberfränkisches Landscape Museum

  • The Electoral Mainz castle in art based
    on a drawing by the Tauberbischofsheim honorary citizen Hugo Pahl

  • A view over the Schlossplatz with the castle in the background

  • Parts of the Tauberfränkisches Landschaftsmuseum,
    on the left the so-called hunter's house from the Renaissance (around 1600),
    on the right a Romanesque tower (around 1200)

  • The tower tower of the former city castle,
    landmark of the city of Tauberbischofsheim

  • View over the old town of Tauberbischofsheim
    with the Türmersturm in the background

use

Previous use

Official seat of the officials of Kurmainz

The castle served as the official residence of the archbishop's officials. Tauberbischofsheim was given to Kurmainz by Emperor Friedrich II as early as 1237 and remained there until 1803.

Commercial college Tauberbischofsheim

First class students at the commercial college in 1937/38 in front of the castle

From April 9, 1937, the castle housed a two-tier commercial college with the opening of a " higher commercial school " - a predecessor to the Tauberbischofsheim commercial school. During the Nazi era, the building was not only used for school purposes: Among other things, the Tauberbischofsheim NSDAP local group , which was founded on September 1, 1931 in the “zur Bretze” inn, was housed in the castle. With the beginning of the Second World War , school operations were stopped in 1939.

With a special permit from the American military government , the Tauberbischofsheim Higher Commercial School was the first commercial school in all of North Baden that was allowed to teach again from autumn 1945. In 1957 the commercial college left the castle after a new building for the commercial and higher commercial school with a community building had been built in 1956 on Dr.-Philipp-Adam-Ulrich-Strasse and inaugurated in 1957.

Todays use

Tauber Franconian Landscape Museum

The Tauber Franconian Landscape Museum has been located in the castle since 1970 . The museum exhibition is spread over 17 rooms.

Tauberbischofsheimer Christmas market

The Tauberbischofsheimer Christmas market in front of the castle (2016)

Since 1995, the traditional "Tauberbischofsheimer Christmas Market" has been held on two Advent weekends, from Friday to Sunday, on the Schlossplatz and in the castle cellar. Before that, the Christmas market was held on the market square from 1983 to 1994. Against the historical backdrop of the castle, the exhibitors offer various culinary and regional delicacies as well as handcrafted Christmas items. Various Tauberbischofsheimer music and choral societies offer a daily musical program on a stage on Schlossplatz. In addition, the "tower blowers" occasionally play German Christmas carols from the Türmersturm, the Tauberbischofsheimer landmark, which is located on the area of ​​the Christmas market.

During the Christmas market, the Tauberfränkisches Landschaftsmuseum in the castle is open for viewing on a daily basis . The rustically furnished castle cellar and the hunting lodge in the castle are also open to visitors.

Open air cinema

Since 2004 there has been an "open air cinema" once a year in July on the Schlossplatz in front of the Türmersturm, organized by the Rotary Club Tauberbischofsheim in cooperation with the Badischer Hof film theater . Five different films will be shown from Wednesday to Sunday within one event week.

  • Open-air cinema in front of the castle

  • 2013

  • 2014

  • 2015

See also

literature

  • Otto H. Chrestin; Otmar Bishop; Josef Heer: The Kurmainzische Schloss. Landscape Museum Tauberbischofsheim. 48 pages, 14 illustrations, graphic representations (partly in color). Tauberbischofsheim: Association of Tauberfränkische Heimatfreunde e. V. (Ed.) 1974.
  • Friedrich-Wilhelm Krahe (Author): Castles of the German Middle Ages - Floor Plan Lexicon , Stürtz Verlag, Würzburg 2000, ISBN 3-88189-360-1 .
  • Max Miller (ed.): Handbook of the historical sites of Germany . Volume 6: Baden-Württemberg (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 276). Kröner, Stuttgart 1965, DNB 456882928 .
  • Commercial school TBB (publisher): 75 years of commercial school Tauberbischofsheim , StieberDruck GmbH, 113 pages, Tauberbischofsheim 1997.

Web links

Commons : Kurmainzisches Schloss (Tauberbischofsheim)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Until the 19th century the name of the city was "Bischofsheim". In order to better distinguish between the towns of Bischofsheim am Neckar and Bischofsheim am Hohe Steg, however, the current name "Tauberbischofsheim" finally became established around 1850.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Tauberbischofsheim, Kurmainzisches Schloss. German Castle Archives, accessed on May 27, 2015 .
  3. ↑ a b City of Tauberbischofsheim City History ( Memento of the original from May 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . online at www.tauberbischofsheim.de. Retrieved December 17, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tauberbischofsheim.de
  4. ↑ a b Chronicle: 75 years of the Tauberbischofsheim commercial school , TBB commercial school (ed.), StieberDruck GmbH, 113 pages, Tauberbischofsheim 1997, pp. 18, 97 u. 107-110.
  5. ^ Tauberfränkisches Landschaftsmuseum in the Kurmainzischen Castle. (No longer available online.) City of Tauberbischofsheim, archived from the original on May 27, 2015 ; accessed on May 27, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tauberbischofsheim.de
  6. ↑ Christmas markets in Germany: Christmas market in Tauberbischofsheim . Online at www.weihnachtsmarkt-deutschland.de. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
  7. ↑ Christmas markets in Germany: Tauberbischofsheimer Christmas market . online at www.weihnachtsmarkt-deutschland.de. Retrieved May 13, 2015.
  8. ↑ a b City of Tauberbischofsheim: Christmas market: the scent of mulled wine, gingerbread and magic lights in front of the Kurmainzisches Schloss ( memento of the original from December 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Online at www.tauberbischofsheim.de. Retrieved December 24, 2015. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tauberbischofsheim.de
  9. ↑ Fränkische Nachrichten: OPEN-AIR-KINO: The Rotary Club Tauberbischofsheim has five box office hits. Enjoy entertaining hits while doing good . July 19, 2014. Online at www.fnweb.de. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  10. ↑ Heike von Brandenstein, Fränkische Nachrichten: Open-air cinema promises open-air spectacles on Schlossplatz. Romantic, poetic and thoughtful ( memento of the original dated February 14, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Online at www.tauberbischofsheim.de. Retrieved February 13, 2017. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tauberbischofsheim.de

Coordinates: 49 ° 37 ′ 16.6 "  N , 9 ° 39 ′ 41.1"  E