Terrorist attack in Vienna 2020

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The city ​​temple in Seitenstettengasse 4

The terrorist attack in Vienna in 2020 occurred on November 2, 2020. Four people were killed and 23 others injured, some seriously, in the terrorist rampage . Around 8 p.m. local time, the first shots were reported in Seitenstettengasse in downtown Vienna , which also houses the main synagogue of the Jewish community and the so-called Bermuda Triangle, a lively local district.

The perpetrator, presumably acting individually, was the 20-year-old Kujtim Fejzulai, who was born in Austria and whose parents come from North Macedonia (ethnic group of the Albanians). He was shot dead by the police. He was a sympathizer of the terrorist organization " Islamic State " (IS), which is why the investigators classify the act as Islamistically motivated. Initially, the police assumed there were several perpetrators.

Investigations

Course of events and manhunt

Crime scenes of the terrorist attack in Vienna 2020

The attack began shortly before 8 p.m., on the eve of the nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic , when a gunman dressed in white fired from Friedmann-Platz in the direction of the meat market . A 21-year-old Austrian was fatally injured by this firing. The perpetrator then ran into Judengasse and presumably shot at several restaurants at random, killing a 24-year-old German. Next, the perpetrator went to Seitenstettengasse and shot a 44-year-old Austrian who later succumbed to her injuries in hospital. The perpetrator then ran to Rabensteig, then back to Seitenstettengasse, down Ruprechtsstiege to Schwedenplatz , where he shot a 39-year-old Austrian on the corner of Rabensteig. In a small alley near Franz-Josefs-Kai , the man was involved in an exchange of fire with a police patrol, in which a 28-year-old policeman was shot and seriously injured. Finally, the perpetrator moved on towards Morzinplatz and from there back to Ruprechtsplatz, where he was stopped with a fatal shot by officers from the WEGA special unit at 8:09 p.m., just 9 minutes after the terror alarm was triggered. In total, the perpetrator shot 17 people in the course of the nine-minute attack. 10 other people were injured on the run or by splinters. According to the mayor of Vienna, Michael Ludwig ( SPÖ ), "people in the bars" were shot “indiscriminately”, especially at guests sitting outside.

At that time, it was assumed that there were several perpetrators who were still on the run. The defusing service of BMI was requested because it was assumed that the perpetrators killed with an explosive belt was fitted. The supposed explosives belt turned out to be a dummy . Immediately after the crime, Seitenstettengasse, Graben , Meat Market, Farmer's Market , Salzgries and Morzinplatz were treated as crime scenes. In the course of the evening, the security forces expanded the search in the wider city of Vienna. All police forces, including the special forces from Cobra with 150 officers and WEGA with 100 officers, were on duty. According to the General Director for Public Security Franz Ruf, roadblocks have been set up within Vienna .

The Austrian federal government announced around 10 p.m. that it was now important to get all available forces ready to ensure the perseverance of the executive; the federal government has therefore activated the necessary forces of the Austrian Armed Forces with immediate effect . The armed forces took over the protection of important objects in order to relieve the police. The Czech authorities initiated additional controls at the nearby border with the Czech Republic .

On November 3, 2020, it became known that it was probably a lone perpetrator. However, the involvement of other fugitive assassins could not be ruled out.

The attack occurred a few days after the Islamist attack in Nice and is therefore also chronologically related to the conflict over the Mohammed cartoons . However, a direct connection has not been proven.

Police operation

The General Director for Public Security , Franz Ruf , announced at a press conference that the first emergency call had been received by the police at 8:00 p.m. The first shot by patrol officers was already at 8:03 p.m. The police officers acted according to the strategy envisaged for such situations, to fight the perpetrator directly in order to restrict his freedom of movement. During the first exchange of fire, in the area of ​​Seitenstettengasse towards Schwedenplatz, a 28-year-old Viennese police officer was shot in the thigh and seriously injured. After the arrival of other police forces, including officers from the WEGA special unit , there were a total of five more firefights at different locations before the perpetrator was fatally hit in the area of St. Rupert's Church. A projectile penetrated below his left shoulder blade, split and injured the left lung and spine. Since the perpetrator apparently wore an explosives belt , the defusing service was called in, which took objects from the person lying on the ground with a tEODor robot and x-rayed them . A facial picture of the perpetrator was also taken, which helped to identify him quickly by visual inspection. The explosives belt turned out to be a dummy. The deceased was then treated with identification services, including his fingerprints , and reliably identified until midnight, i.e. 4 hours after he was killed.

The perpetrator's apartment in Vienna was then blown up and searched. In the course of the attack, seven police officers had used their service weapons.

In the meantime, the entire city center was cordoned off, public transport ceased and the airspace blocked. The flight police dispatched three helicopters equipped with night vision technology from the flight operations centers (FEST) in Vienna, Salzburg and Klagenfurt, which were in action in Vienna all night. The missions were flown from the FEST Meidling. A total of around 1,000 officers were on duty, including 250 from Cobra and WEGA.

According to the Austria Press Agency , raids on the Austrian Islamist scene in Vienna, Lower Austria and Upper Austria should have taken place on November 3, 2020 at 3:00 a.m. with the involvement of numerous officials from special units such as WEGA, Cobra and EGS , who were already preparing for the operation the evening before would have. This is an explanation for the rapid intervention of these special forces in the city center at the time of the attack. Assumptions that the action could have been betrayed and that the perpetrator then implemented his plan could not be confirmed. However, on November 4, 2020, FPÖ club chairman Herbert Kickl sent a parliamentary question to the Interior Minister.

Perpetrator

Interior Minister Karl Nehammer announced at a press conference on November 3rd that the murdered perpetrator was a 20-year-old sympathizer of the so-called " Islamic State " (IS). The man was born on June 24, 2000 in Mödling (Lower Austria) and grew up there. His parents belonged to the Albanian minority in North Macedonia , which is why he had both Austrian and North Macedonian citizenship. He attended elementary school and secondary school in Vienna for four years , followed by one year of technical secondary school and then two years of HTL . At the time of the attack, he was living with his parents in Vienna.

He was known to the Office for the Protection of the Constitution because he was one of around 90 Austrian Islamists who wanted to travel to Syria . A warning from the Office for the Protection of the Constitution by the Slovak police in October (the perpetrator and an escort had tried to buy AK-47 ammunition in Slovakia ) had no consequences.

On the morning of the day of the crime, the perpetrator posted various pictures on Instagram , including a pledge of loyalty to the leader of IS Abi Ibrahim al-Haschimi al-Kuraschi and showing him with the weapons that were later used. On video recordings from several surveillance cameras and eyewitnesses, a perpetrator can be seen who is dressed up to the head in a white robe. He wore a black headgear, several equipment bags and a long gun on his body. He had also put on a dummy explosive belt. As it turned out later, he was armed with a shortened Kalashnikov (an assault rifle ), a handgun and a machete . House searches were carried out in the vicinity of the perpetrator on the morning of November 3, and several arrests were made. His apartment was searched the night of the crime. The act took place near the main synagogue in Vienna , where no people were staying at the time.

At the end of 2016, he said he ended up in the “wrong mosque ”, as he later said in court. According to media reports, his performance in school deteriorated and there were more and more arguments with his mother.

On August 22, 2018, he wanted to travel to Afghanistan , but was refused due to a missing visa . On 1 September 2018 he traveled to Turkey and wanted to continue from there to Syria , but was arrested by the Turkish authorities and detention order taken. On January 10, 2019, he was transferred to Austria by plane and arrested by the security authorities at the airport. After investigations by the Office for the Protection of the Constitution and charges brought by the public prosecutor, Kujtim F. was sentenced to 22 months in prison on April 25, 2019 for membership in a criminal organization ( Section 278a StGB) and membership in a terrorist organization ( Section 278b StGB). This judgment was confirmed by the Higher Regional Court of Vienna with an appeal on July 12, 2019. As a young adult he fell under the privileges of the Juvenile Court Act (JGG). In the course of this process, the terrorist stated that he did not feel disadvantaged in Austria, but had expected a better life from IS. He also stated that he had meanwhile renounced the ideals of IS.

According to law, there is the possibility to conditionally release a criminal after two thirds of the term of imprisonment with a three-year probationary period if the legal requirements are met. Based on a favorable social forecast by an expert, this option was used and Kujtim F. was released early on December 5, 2019. The State Office for the Protection of the Constitution and Combating Terrorism was informed of the early release. Kujtim F. was asked to take part in a deradicalization program of the Derad Association, which, as an NGO on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Justice, is responsible for the care of detainees in the area of ​​extremism prevention, as well as for the follow-up care of people who have been convicted. In addition, he had to keep in regular contact with the Neustart association , which is committed to probation assistance and conflict resolution, among other things. According to the Director General for Public Security Franz Ruf , the assassin apparently succeeded in deceiving the deradicalization experts ; at his last meeting with the Derad association at the end of October, the 20-year-old is said to have explicitly condemned the recent terrorist attacks in France. Derad contradicted the statement that the perpetrator was considered to be deradicalized, because the court confirmed the need for three-year probation in its release decision. Even his Derad supervisor never portrayed the terrorist as deradicalized. There can never be 100 percent security. The association pleaded for better cooperation with the protection of the constitution, because courts and Derad do not have the possibilities that the protection of the constitution has, such as monitoring people or tapping the phones. Before 2018, there was an exchange between Derad and the BVT prevention department, which could have prevented past crimes.

Errors of the Austrian security authorities and political discussion

The day after the attack, Interior Minister Nehammer ( ÖVP ) pinpointed the main mistake in the judiciary, headed by Minister Alma Zadić ( The Greens ), because the attacker had been released from prison prematurely, and warned that communication between the judicial authorities and the Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution and Combating Terrorism (BVT) and the State Office for the Protection of the Constitution and Combating Terrorism (LVT) should be improved. Justice Minister Alma Zadić defended the early release from prison, since conditional releases after two-thirds of the prison term with a trial period of three years and accompanying treatment, care and ongoing control would be common if the conditions were met. This could be used to influence the perpetrator beyond the prison term. If the prison sentence had been served in full by July 2020, there would have been no more opportunity for such influence on the perpetrator. In addition, the LVT had been informed of the dismissal.

As a spokeswoman for the Slovak police told the news channel TA3 on November 4 , suspicious people, including the later perpetrator, tried to buy ammunition in Slovakia in the summer of 2020 . This information was immediately passed on to the Austrian BVT. On the same day, Nehammer stated in a press conference that “something went wrong in communication” at BVT. He announced the establishment of an independent commission of inquiry by the Ministry of Interior and Justice to investigate the matter. Furthermore, he accused his predecessor in the ministerial office, Herbert Kickl ( FPÖ ), whom he had defended against such allegations during his time as minister in the ÖVP-FPÖ coalition government , that he had "permanently damaged the authority, not to say destroyed “( BVT affair ). In return, Kickl and the FPÖ placed the political responsibility for ensuring that the perpetrator was able to carry out the attack on Nehammer and repeatedly called for his resignation. On November 7th, FPÖ general secretary Michael Schnedlitz filed a complaint against unknown perpetrators within the investigative authorities with the public prosecutor's office for corruption and on suspicion of abuse of office.

During the week after the attack, media reports also revealed that in the months after his release from prison in December 2019, the perpetrator had contact with jihadists from Germany who were known to the police and who stayed with him during a visit to Vienna, which the Vienna LVT said the German Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BfV). It is not known why he was not observed and the Krems prison court, which could have revoked his conditional release, is not known. A research network of Süddeutscher Zeitung , WDR , NDR and the Viennese weekly newspaper Falter informed the Ministry of the Interior about these research results on November 6th. On the same day, the president of the LVT Vienna, Erich Zwettler , was withdrawn from his position.

The German extremism researcher Peter R. Neumann pointed out that three jihadists who had just been released from prison have now become terrorists, along with Kujtim F. who had previously been attackers in Dresden and London. Hundreds of Islamists were still sitting in prisons in France, Germany, Austria, etc., whose convictions were glad to have locked them away, but hardly any state had prepared for their early release. In order to prevent these terrorist attacks from committing, comprehensive prevention programs would have been necessary from the first day of imprisonment and, in the event of an acute risk of violence, the possibility of safe detention (in Austria: implementation of measures )

Investigations in the perpetrator's environment

In the days after the crime, police arrested 14 people in Austria and Switzerland. In the course of the investigation into the terrorist attack, 18 apartments and houses were searched. The references to the addresses resulted from the search of the attacker's apartment. Most of the suspects were arrested in Austria, but a Swiss special unit also arrested two men in Winterthur , as there was evidence that the two men had contact with the attacker.

Victim

Four people were killed and 23 injured in the attack.

A 24-year-old German national who studied at the Vienna University of Applied Arts was shot in front of a pub on Ruprechtsplatz, where she also worked as a waitress. At the corner of the meat market and the farmers' market, the perpetrator shot a 21-year-old Korneuburger with North Macedonian roots and a 39-year-old Austrian restaurant owner of Chinese descent on Schwedenplatz who had been in front of a fast food restaurant. The 20-year-old perpetrator was finally shot by WEGA officials near the Ruprechtskirche. Furthermore, a 44-year-old Austrian died in the Ottakring clinic from her injuries. Her workplace was near the crime scene.

23 people were injured, including seven women. Among the women injured were three Austrians, a Swiss-German dual citizen, a Bosnian, a Slovak and a Chinese, as well as ten Austrians, a Luxembourger, an Afghan, a Slovak and three Germans among the men. 13 of the injured had gunshot wounds.

Mosque closure

Two radical Islamic mosques in which the perpetrator frequented and which are said to have contributed to his radicalization were closed in Vienna. These are the Tewhid Mosque in Meidling , which was set up by the IGGÖ in 2016, and the Melit Ibrahim Mosque in Ottakring, which is not under the control of the IGGÖ . Mohamed M. , who was convicted of membership in a terrorist organization, and Lorenz K., who was sentenced to nine years in prison in 2018 for attack plans, are also said to have been involved in the latter .

Media coverage

ORF program change

The Austrian Broadcasting Service interrupted the regular main evening program from 9:00 p.m. and broadcast a ZIB special with Armin Wolf until 2:38 a.m. and from 11:15 p.m. with Tarek Leitner .

Social media and hoax

Rumors and the first videos quickly circulated on all social media platforms, but these could not be confirmed by the police . Some rumors soon turned out to be false, such as an alleged hostage-taking in a restaurant on Mariahilfer Strasse . Also Florian Klenk spread this rumor on TV and on Twitter.

Other cell phone videos showed people being shot or partially shot. Facebook later took some of these posts offline. The authorities asked several times not to distribute pictures or videos of the perpetrators or the crime via social media, but to upload them to a server at the state police headquarters or to send them as an email attachment. In this way, several thousand videos came together, which were evaluated by experts to precisely reconstruct the course of events.

Tabloid media

The tabloid private broadcaster oe24.TV broadcast several eyewitness videos and recordings of injured people while the police were still looking for other perpetrators. On the evening of the crime, around 700 complaints were received by the Austrian Press Council against oe24.TV and the Kronen Zeitung , as the said videos could be played on the website of these media showing people being shot at. As a consequence, some companies stopped advertising in these two media. After two days the number was 1,450 complaints.

aftermath

Reactions

In a speech to the population the day after the crime, Federal Chancellor Sebastian Kurz (ÖVP) said that the attack “was committed out of hatred for our basic values, our way of life and our democracy”. Kurz further affirmed that "we do not allow Islamist extremism to divide our society." "Our enemies are never all members of a religious community, are never all people who come from a certain country, the enemies are extremists and terrorists ", so A little further.

European politicians were shocked and expressed their solidarity. French President Emmanuel Macron tweeted in German: "We, the French, share the shock and sadness of the Austrians after a [ sic ] attack in Vienna. This is our Europe. Our enemies need to know who they are dealing with. We will not [sic] give "German Chancellor. Angela Merkel told:" Islamist terrorism is our common enemy. The fight against these murderers and their instigators is our common fight. "

The President of the European Parliament David Sassoli wrote that Europe was following the news with sadness and horror. The entire continent stands together against violence and hatred. The heads of government of Spain Pedro Sánchez , Italy's Giuseppe Conte and the Netherlands Mark Rutte expressed their solidarity and solidarity with the Austrian people.

The Turkey issued a statement in which it says: "We condemn this attack in the strongest terms and speak of those families who have lost their lives, our condolences. As a country that has been fighting all kinds of terrorism for decades, Turkey stands in solidarity with the Austrian people. "

State mourning

Ecumenical prayer in St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna on November 3, 2020

After the terrorist attack in Vienna, the Austrian federal government set up a special video session at which a three-day state mourning was decided. Up to and including Thursday, November 5, 2020, the public buildings were provided with mourning flags, black flags were hoisted and the official flags were set at half-mast. This applies to federal buildings and also to buildings belonging to the state governments. "The Republic of Austria was, is and will always be a nation of diversity, dialogue and respect for one another, all the more the events of November 2, 2020 have shaken and affected our country," says the government resolution. Federal Chancellor Sebastian Kurz , Federal President Alexander Van der Bellen and National Council President Wolfgang Sobotka laid wreaths at one of the crime scenes in downtown Vienna on Tuesday.

The schools will observe a minute of mourning at the start of school on Wednesday, November 4, 2020. The last time Austria was officially mourned was the death of Federal President Thomas Klestil in 2004. At the time, it lasted four days.

Suspension of compulsory schooling in Vienna

Since the manhunt after the terrorist attack continued all night and on the morning of November 3, 2020, compulsory schooling was lifted for that day by the Education Directorate for Vienna in consultation with the Ministry of the Interior and parents recommended that the children be at home if possible to let. Since Monday, All Souls Day , was already school-free in all of Austria, most Viennese schoolchildren were able to postpone their return to school after the autumn break by one day. The schools switched to a kind of emergency operation, in which the teachers and afternoon supervisors generally came to the schools, but regular classes could not be held. Only teachers who had their own care responsibilities could stay at home. Most of the schools in the city center remained closed and children from these schools were cared for in other facilities if necessary.

After the autumn break on November 3, 2020, the upper-level pupils at general education schools and at vocational secondary schools should have held a “transition day” on which they and their class leaders can make the transition to distance learning during the so-called “ 2 . Lockdowns "should have discussed. These meetings have been postponed for one day in Vienna.

The University of Vienna closed all of its buildings in downtown Vienna and asked its employees to work from home if possible . The closure affected the main building on Wiener Universitätsring with the university library as well as the nearby New Institute Building (NIG), the Juridicum and the locations in Liebiggasse, Schenkenstraße, Kolingasse and Oskar-Morgenstern-Platz. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, since the beginning of the semester in October, the courses have mostly only taken place digitally anyway.

Declaration and special session of the National Council

On November 3rd, the 3-person Presidium of the National Council and the 5 club chairmen drew up a "joint declaration by Parliament": "Attack in Vienna: parliamentary groups stand together in the rejection of violence and terror."

On November 5, 2020, from 9:00 a.m. to 12:59 p.m., there was a special session of the National Council (60th) fixed the day before. The Federal Chancellor and Vice Chancellor made statements from 9.15 a.m., the 5 club chairmen spoke pro, the interior minister and justice minister spoke from the government bank, 19 MPs spoke pro, one MP made an "actual correction". There were a total of 30 speeches. The declaration is confirmed.

The immediately following Federal Council observed a minute's silence at 2:12 p.m.

Consideration of an official liability suit against authorities

Two victims of the attack are considering bringing an official liability suit against the republic through a lawyer. The starting point is that, according to current information, the police failed to promptly notify the judiciary of the attempt to buy ammunition in Slovakia by the early prisoner and later assassin.

Honors and Popular Culture

Honoring the WEGA officials

The two WEGA officials who caught and killed the perpetrator were honored on November 5, 2020 in the Federal Chancellery by Federal Chancellor Sebastian Kurz and Interior Minister Karl Nehammer with the golden medal on the red ribbon for services to the Republic of Austria ( lifesaving medal) .

Honors for moral courage

After the terrorist attack, three men were celebrated for helping two victims while shots were still being fired. Two Turkish-born Viennese Mikail Özen and Recep Tayyip Gültekin and the Palestinian Osama Joda risked their lives to bring an elderly woman to safety, to give first aid to a wounded policeman and then to carry him to an ambulance. Gültekin was shot in the leg while on duty and had to be treated in hospital. Interior Minister Karl Nehammer thanked the helpers. The Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan , the Ambassador of the European Union in Turkey Nikolaus Meyer-Landrut and the Turkish Ambassador to Austria, Ozan Ceyhun also thanked them .

Social media

Due to an amateur video in which the terrorist is verbally abused by a resident in Viennese language during his act , "Oaschloch" has become a synonym for the perpetrator on social media in order not to make the perpetrator even more known by naming his real name and the hashtag #schleichdiduoaschloch established.

Other terrorist attacks

After several Islamist-motivated terrorist attacks, the President of the German Office for the Protection of the Constitution, Thomas Haldenwang, sees an unchanged high level of threat from Islamist terrorism, in particular the risk of counterfeiting, within a short period of time. The latest reason for uproar in the Islamist scene was the discussion about the Mohammed caricatures . In the weeks before the attack, there were two Islamist attacks in France, the attack in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine on October 16 and the attack in Nice 2020 on October 29. However, there is no known direct connection to these attacks.

For more stops, see

Web links

Commons : 2020 Vienna attack  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

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  72. ↑ Meeting of the National Council on November 5, 2020 (60 / NRSITZ) parlament.gv.at, November 5, 2020, accessed November 5, 2020.
  73. ↑ Concerned by the terrorist attack in Vienna: President of the National Council Sobotka: We are not allowing our society to be divided. parliament.gv.at, November 5, 2020, accessed November 5, 2020.
  74. ↑ Two victims consider official liability suit orf.at, November 6, 2020, accessed November 6, 2020.
  75. ↑ Kurz and Nehammer honored WEGA officials. orf.at, November 6, 2020, accessed on November 6, 2020 .
  76. ^ Heroes of Vienna: Kurz and Nehammer honored WEGA officials. kleinezeitung.at, November 6, 2020, accessed on November 6, 2020 .
  77. ↑ NZZ, Terrorist attack in Vienna: Authorities ignored information from the Slovak police, parliament meets for a special session , accessed on November 5, 2020
  78. ↑ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-54779882
  79. ↑ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8910307/MMA-fighters-honoured-Austria-racing-hail-bullets-terror-attack.html
  80. ↑ https://www.heute.at/s/haben-von-weikendorfer-familie-rettete-polizisten-100110661
  81. ↑ Terror in Vienna: Myths, Heroes and False Rumors orf.at, November 3, 2020.
  82. ↑ https://www.blick.ch/news/ausland/video-blas-die-helden-wiens-recep-und-mikail-retteten-verletzt-polizisten-im-kugelhagel-id16175940.html
  83. ↑ https://kurier.at/chronik/wien/helden-bei-terroranschlag-drei-maenner-retteten-verletzt-polizisten/401085633
  84. ↑ https://nex24.news/2020/11/terroranschlag-erdogan-dankt-tuerkischen-helden-von-wien/
  85. ↑ https://www.t-online.de/nachrichten/ausland/id_88868030/terroranschlag-in-wien-diese-kampfsportler-retteten-angeschossenen-polizisten.html
  86. ↑ Karl Fluch: The feeling of a city: "Schleich di, you Oaschloch!" In: derStandard.at . November 4, 2020, accessed November 4, 2020 .
  87. ↑ Die Welt, “Have to reckon with an Islamist attack every day in Germany too” , November 5, 2020, accessed on November 5, 2020

Coordinates: 48 ° 12 ′ 42 "  N , 16 ° 22 ′ 36"  E