Trais (Munzenberg)

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Trais
City of Munzenberg
Coordinates: 50 ° 27 ′ 54 ″  N , 8 ° 47 ′ 21 ″  E
Height : 155  (153-169)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 4.72 km²
Residents : 513  (Dec. 31, 2017)
Population density : 109 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 35516
Area code : 06004
Image by Trais

Trais is a district of Munzenberg in the Wetterau district of Hesse . As a municipality, the place bore the official name Trais-Munzenberg to distinguish it from other places with the same name until it was incorporated .

geography

The village is located nine kilometers northeast of Butzbach at an altitude of 155  m above sea level. NHN northeast of Munzenberg in the Wetterau in the valley of the weather .

Europastraße 41 runs west of the village . The state road 3131 and the district road 166 lead through the village .

history

prehistory

The Limes Fort Alteburg is located north of the village . From there, a Roman road led through what would later become the village of Trais. In the area of ​​today's motorway there was a Roman manor.

High Middle Ages

The oldest surviving mention of Trais can be found in a document from 790, which was issued on the occasion of the donation of possession of a wolf helmet in Trais to the Lorsch monastery . Further donations to the monasteries Lorsch and Fulda are documented for the 8th century. The church and a mill in Trais were mentioned as early as 800 . Ultimately, the Fulda monastery acquired sovereignty over the place and awarded it as a fief to the lords of Munzenberg .

In the high Middle Ages, lords of Trais appeared in the wake of Konrad von Münzenberg as castle men at Munzenberg Castle . The von Trais family temporarily held the bailiwick in Trais.

Late Middle Ages

In 1255, Trais belonged to the Munzenberg inheritance as an allod , the estate of Ulrich II von Munzenberg . The Munzenberg inheritance was shared between six of his sisters, but continued to be administered together as a condominium . So initially each received a share:

The rights to the shares - and thus the rights of domination over Trais - were passed on and in some cases also sold, so that different owner associations were formed again and again. The individual owners integrated their respective share in the administrative structures of their own rule. In the rule and later county of Hanau , the share was z. B. assigned to the local office of Münzenberg , in the county of Stolberg-Roßla to the local office of Ortenberg . The allocation of the shares to individual owners developed as follows:

Period Men's Remarks
1255-1256 Adelheid 1 / 6
∞ Reinhard I of Hanau 		Isengard 1 / 6
∞ Philip I of Falkenstein 		Mechthild 1 / 6
∞ Engelhard Weinberg 		Irmengard 1 / 6
∞ Konrad Weinberg 		Agnes 1 / 6
∞ Konrad of Schoneberg 		Hedwig 1 / 6
∞ Heinrich of Pappenheim 		Distribution of inheritance among six married daughters
1256-1272 Rule Hanau 1 / 6 Falk stone 3 / 6 Schoneberg 1 / 6 Pappenheim 1 / 6 Falkenstein acquired the two Weinsberg shares in 1256.
1272-1286 Hanau 1 / 6 Falkenstein 4 / 6 Pappenheim 1 / 6 Falkenstein acquired the Schöneberg share in 1272.
1286-1418 Hanau 1 / 6 Falk stone 5 / 6 Falkenstein acquired the Pappenheim share in 1286.
1418-1507 County Hanau 8 / 48 Eppstein 20 / 48 Solms -Greiffenstein 15 / 48 Solms -Laubach 5 / 48 In 1418 the Falkensteiners went out. Their share fell in equal parts to Solms and Eppstein. The Solms share was divided in a ratio of 3: 1 between the Greiffenstein and Laubach lines.
1507-1581 County Hanau 8 / 48 Königstein 20 / 48 Solms-Greiffenstein 15 / 48 Solms-Laubach 5 / 48 In 1507 the last male representative of the von Eppstein family ceded his rights to a pension to the Lords of Königstein.
1581-1684 Hanau-Münzenberg 8 / 48 Mainz 10 / 48 Stolberg-Gedern 10 / 48 Solms-Greiffenstein 15 / 48 Solms-Laubach 5 / 48 1581 Half of the Eppstein share went to Stolberg-Gedern, the other half to Kurmainz .
1684-1736 Hanau 18 / 48 Stolberg-Gedern 10 / 48 Solms-Greiffenstein 15 / 48
from 1693 Solms-Braunfels 		Solms-Laubach 5 / 48 In 1684 Mainz ceded its share to Hanau as part of an area swap.
from 1736 Hesse-Kassel 18 / 48 Stolberg-Gedern 10 / 48 Solms-Braunfels 15 / 48 Solms-Laubach 5 / 48 In 1736 the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel inherited the County of Hanau-Münzenberg, see here .

The church in Trais was subordinate to the Archdiocese of Mainz . It was consecrated to the Virgin Mary and St. Pancras . It had branch churches in Eberstadt and Munzenberg . The patronage was initially with the Fulda Monastery, was given in the first half of the 14th century as a Fulda fief to the Lords of Hanau , who in turn donated it to the Arnsburg Monastery in 1323 . The middle church authority was the archdeaconate of St. Maria ad Gradus in Mainz , deanship Friedberg .

Modern times

The shareholders in the condominium, to which Trais also belonged, were predominantly members of the Wetterau Counts Association or were close to it. That is why the Reformation took hold here in the second half of the 16th century , ultimately in its Reformed form.

In 1573 the Butzbach bailiff Johann von Hattstein acquired the Vogtei Trais, which was associated with large estates and numerous rights and thus laid the foundation for the Hattstein power in the Munzenberg area.

With the dissolution of the old territorial structures in Napoleonic times, Trais was added to the Grand Duchy of Hesse . However, it was until the administrative reform of 1821 further to partially unable splendid area that half the ducal Official Butzbach to 1/4 the prior gorgeous-Solms-Braunfelsischen Official Hungen to 1/4 the prior gorgeous-Stolberg-locations Bergischen Official Ortenberg to and 5/48 belonged to the civil registry office of Solms-Laubach Utphe . In 1821 the district of Butzbach was formed, which initially included the grand ducal portion, and from 1822 also the Solms portion. This was transferred to the Hungen district in 1841 . During the revolution of 1848 , Trais belonged to the Friedberg district until 1852 , then to the Nidda district , and from 1860 to the Friedberg district , which became part of the Wetterau district in 1972.

The site survived the Second World War largely unscathed. 1957 Trais became town again, in 1958 the first road was paved. In 1963 the place was the state winner in the competition " Our village should be more beautiful ". At the same time, however, with the abandonment of the Traiser School in 1958 and the abandonment of passenger transport on the Butzbach-Licher Railway, centralization in rural areas began, which ultimately led to the regional reform in Hesse . In the summer of 1971, a merger with Lich seemed foreseeable. At the citizens' meeting on October 17, however, 64% of those present voted for the incorporation into Munzenberg, which was carried out on December 31, 1971.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Trais-Münzenberg had been located since the end of the 18th century and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Courts since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or landlords and thus the Domominalmt Butzbach and the civil offices of Hungen and Utphe were responsible for Trais-Munzenberg from 1806. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The second instance for the patrimonial courts were the civil law firms. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the founding of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance 1821–1822 were transferred to the newly created regional and city courts as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. From 1821 the Friedberg district court was responsible for the dominant portion and from 1822 the Hungen district court for Solms' portions. In the years up to 1825, the landlords gave their rights to the courts to the Grand Duchy of Hesse. It was only as a result of the March Revolution of 1848 that the special civil rights were finally abolished with the “Law on the Relationships of Classes and Noble Court Lords” of April 15, 1848. On November 1, 1848, the whole of Trais-Munzenberg belonged to the Butzbach district court .

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to "Butzbach Local Court" and assigned to the district of the regional court of Giessen .

In 2004 the Butzbach District Court was dissolved and integrated into the Friedberg District Court. The superordinate instances are now, the regional court Gießen , the higher regional court Frankfurt am Main and the federal court as last instance.

Population development

Until recently, the place was characterized by a purely rural character. Before 1800 the population was around 200 people, after which it gradually rose to over 250 people due to improved hygienic conditions, and fell again slightly in the second half of the 19th century due to emigration and emigration due to the prevailing poverty. With the influx of displaced persons and refugees after the Second World War, the population rose again. New building areas have been designated.

 Source: Historical local dictionary

  • 1961: 353 Protestant (= 81.90%), 74 Catholic (= 17.17%) residents
Trais-Münzenberg: Population figures from 1834 to 2015
year     Residents
1834
  
 229
1840
  
 238
1846
  
 226
1852
  
 208
1858
  
 222
1864
  
 266
1871
  
 225
1875
  
 217
1885
  
 239
1895
  
 249
1905
  
 255
1910
  
 262
1925
  
 271
1939
  
 311
1946
  
 469
1950
  
 482
1956
  
 437
1961
  
 431
1967
  
 463
1970
  
 474
2007
  
 576
2011
  
 554
2015
  
 536
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

traffic

Trais owned an unoccupied station with a waiting room and an office at 10.5 km of the Butzbach-Licher Railway, which was inaugurated in 1904 . There was also a loading ramp for sugar beet here . In 1961, passenger traffic was given up, and in 1973 the station building was demolished. In 1975, when the line to Hof-Güll was abandoned, Trais-Munzenberg became the terminus of the line still used for freight traffic. In 1985 this was also given up and the track system was subsequently dismantled.

Attractions

  • The oldest components of the Evangelical Church date from around 1100. It received its present form mainly through extensive renovations in the late 19th century.
  • In the village there are several historic wooden courtyard gates from the 18th and early 19th centuries in Mühlgasse , Römerstraße and Wetterstraße with a characteristic division into separate gate and gate, with an individually decorated compartment above the gate .

literature

  • Dietwulf Baatz , Fritz-Rudolf Herrmann : The Romans in Hessen . Hamburg 2002, ISBN 3-933203-58-9 , p. 446.
  • Hans D. Baumann : 1200 years of Trais-Münzenberg . U. Huber Verlag, Mannheim 1990.
  • Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hesse-Nassau area = writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 (1937). ND 1984, p. 34.
  • Waldemar Küther : Trais-Münzenberg: History of a village and its church in the Middle Ages . in: Wetterauer Geschichtsblätter 7/8 (1959), pp. 6-66.
  • Heinz Wionski: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Cultural monuments in Hessen. Wetteraukreis II. Stuttgart 1999, pp. 806-815.
  • Dieter Wolf : Martini 1489. Danish ox in Trais. In: HD Baumann (Ed.): 1200 years of Trais-Munzenberg. Huber, Mannheim 1990, ISBN 3-927896-08-X , pp. 80-84.
  • Literature on Trais in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Trais, Wetteraukreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Population figures . In: Internet presence. City of Munzenberg, archived from the original ; accessed in June 2018 . (Figures from web archive)
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 360 .
  4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  5. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 21, 438 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  6. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 418 ( online at Google Books ).
  7. ^ A b Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt 1830, p. 72 ff . ( online at Google Books ).
  8. ↑ Law on the Conditions of the Class Lords and Noble Court Lords of August 7, 1848 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1848 no. 40 , p. 237–241 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 42,9 MB ]).
  9. ^ Announcement, various changes in the district division of the Laubach, Hungen, Lich and Butzbach regional courts regarding October 5, 1848 ( Hess. Reg.Bl. p. 366)
  10. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).