United States Army Criminal Investigation Command

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United States Army Criminal Investigation Command
- USACIDC -

USACIDC badge
State level Federal ( United States Armed Forces )
legal form Federal law enforcement / Military provost
Supervisory authority Chief of Staff of the United States Army
founding 17th September 1971
Headquarters Ft. Lee , Fairfax County, Virginia
Authority management Major General David E. Quantock , United States Army Provost Marshal General
Servants 2900
Web presence www.cid.army.mil

The United States Army Criminal Investigation Command ( USACIDC , common abbreviation: CID ), the Military Prosecutor's Office of the United States Army , the Criminal Investigation Divisions ( CID are subject). This is possible because in the United States soldiers are subject to a special military law called the Uniform Code of Military Justice ( UCMJ ). The USACIDC is a command at division level and, as a direct reporting unit, is not subordinate to one of the main commands of the US Army , but to the United States Army Provost Marshal General , who reports directly to the Chief of Staff of the Army .

assignment

The US Army Criminal Investigation Command , the command level of the Criminal Investigation Divisions , was designed as the main command of the United States Army in order to be able to investigate independently at all levels. CID agents determine all the facts of a criminal offense within the United States Army, put them into a logical structure and then hand them over to the commander of the unit in which the investigation was carried out or directly to a public prosecutor . The commander then, as the disciplinary superior , decides how to proceed with the case and, if necessary, recommends transferring it to a military tribunal or to the Judge Advocate General's Corps of the United States Army.

The commander of the USACIDC reports directly to the Chief of Staff of the Army and the Secretary of the Army . This means that the agents or investigators of the CIDs have the status of federal agents and are therefore outside the command hierarchy of the United States Army in technical matters . These prerequisites guarantee the autonomy necessary to be able to investigate criminal offenses.

The main areas of investigation for the CIDs are murders , sex offenses , drug-related crime , armed robbery , computer crimes and war crimes . CID agents also support anti-terror investigations with z. B. Criminal information for the intelligence services. They are also used for the protection of emergency services and bases, for forensic laboratory work and the protection of the leadership of the United States Army.

Jurisdiction

As a rule, the CID is responsible for investigations into all army-related crimes that have been armed with imprisonment for more than a year. The United States Army Military Police is responsible for sentences of one year or less .

organization

Member of the CID on duty
  • Headquarters of USACIDC
    • Crime Lab, Fort Gillem ( Georgia ), 3rd Military Police Group
    • US Army Crime Records Center - CRC (criminal records archive), Fort Belvoir ( Virginia )
    • 3rd Military Police Group - 3rd Military Police Group (MP), Fort Gillem in Forest Park, Georgia
    • 202nd Military Police Group - 202nd Military Police Group, Stem-Kaserne, Seckenheim (Germany)
    • 6th Military Police Group - 6th Military Police Group, Fort Lewis ( Washington state)
    • 701st Military Police Group - 701st Military Police Group, Fort Belvoir, Virginia
      • Major Procurement Fraud Unit, Fort Belvoir, Virginia
      • Protective Services Unit, Fort Belvoir, Virginia
      • Field Investigative Unit, Fort Belvoir, Virginia
        • Computer Crime Investigative Unit, Fort Belvoir, Virginia, responsible for cybercrime of military relevance

history

Emergence

Crime scene work by members of the CID
Agents of the CID during an exercise

During the American Civil War , the US Congress passed the enrollment act , which introduced a kind of conscription in order to provide the Union Army of the northern states with enough conscripts. Because this law led to riots and protests, US Secretary of War Stanton decided that a police force was required to enforce the new law. Therefore, the Provost Marshal General's Bureau was founded in March 1863 (German: Office of the Chief Police Chief General ). This was responsible for the enforcement of the conscription law and to arrest deserters .

During the war, investigations into criminal offenses in the Army, such as theft of wages or murder, were carried out by private investigative agencies such as the Pinkerton Detective Agency . Major Allan Pinkerton was then authorized by Major General McClellan to establish the first Criminal Investigation Division .

After the American Civil War, the Provost Marshal General's Bureau remained largely unchanged until the US forces invaded France (1917) during World War I.

As the number of US soldiers in France increased, so too did a greater number of police forces. In October 1917, the Military Police Corps ( MP Corps ) was created. The present-day military police emerged from this corps . Although the MP Corps , with its uniformed police force during World War I, lived up to its role, the crime rate still rose , so a department for investigative work was needed.

In November 1918, General John Pershing ordered that the Provost Marshal General of the US Expeditionary Forces should set up a Criminal Investigation Division within the MP Corps to detect and prevent crimes in US-occupied territory. The CID was headed by a division commander who acted as advisor to the Provost Marshal General on administrative and technical matters. The operational command, however, remained with the individual senior police directors ( "Provost Marshals" ). There was therefore no central control of the investigative efforts within the CID . The individual investigators were poorly trained and inexperienced because they were recruited from the ranks of the respective military police command. At this stage, the CID was responsible for investigating crimes committed by soldiers in the United States Armed Forces and crimes committed by others against the Allied Forces.

Between the First and Second World War , the staff of the United States Army was greatly reduced, so an investigative agency was no longer needed.

After the United States entered the war in December 1941 , the United States Army rapidly transformed into a force in the millions. Since the United States Army was a separate company and it was now growing rapidly, there was again the need for some kind of law enforcement agency.

In 1942, the investigation of crimes committed by military personnel was seen as the task of the commander of the respective unit in the form of the military police units. Therefore, the commander of the relevant unit was responsible for investigating criminal offenses. But as the United States Army got bigger, the crime rate rose again. The commanders had neither the personnel nor the means to carry out adequate investigations. Therefore, in December 1943 , the Office of the Provost Marshal General was authorized to be the oversight agency for all criminal investigations. Two months later, in January 1944, the Criminal Investigation Division of The Provost Marshal General's Office was established. She was responsible for all criminal investigations, the coordination of investigations between individual commandos and the preparation of protocols and guidelines for the investigators.

After the Second World War, the CID became a main command. During the 1950s, however, the investigative staff was decentralized and assigned to the individual regional commands. While the Provost Marshal General was still in command of all criminal offenses, the investigators were commanded from the lower level, namely by the individual commands of the United States Army.

However, a 1964 study by the US Department of Defense called "Project Security Shield" found that all investigative efforts needed to be centralized in order to function more efficiently and globally.

In 1965 the United States Army took the first steps towards centralizing the CID elements. The individual commands were in CID - brigades ( CID groups - here a brigade / group is meant six to eight battalions there) divided which were subject to the regional United States Army command. In the following year, this concept was also implemented by US troops in Europe and the Far East .

However, this brigade concept did not completely solve the problems, so in 1969, on the orders of the Chief of Staff of the United States Army, the US Army Criminal Investigation Agency was created and placed under the direct command of the Provost Marshal General . This command monitored all CID operations. However, the Agency had no authority, it was only created to work out regulations.

In March 1971 ordered the Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird to the Secretary of the Army Stanley R. Resor a CID to establish -Kommandobehörde. Therefore, in September of the same year, the US Army Criminal Investigation Command was created and settled as the main command . It was given the authority over all criminal investigations and CID resources, thus ensuring central control and communication with the civilian governments of other countries.

today

The headquarters of the USACIDC in Fort Belvoir ( Virginia ). On October 29, 2003, the position of Provost Marshal General (German about "General of the Military Police Force") was filled again after 29 years . The post was taken over by Donald J. Ryder , who also investigated the Abu Ghuraib torture scandal during the 2003 Iraq war .

The current commander of the USACIDC ( United States Army Provost Marshal General and Commander of the United States Army Criminal Investigation Command ) has been Major General David E. Quantock since September 28, 2011 . Around 2,000 soldiers and civilian employees as well as around 900 special agents report to him worldwide ; these agents are usually warrant officers .

The USACIDC's motto is “Do what has to be done” (German: “Do what has to be done”).

In the media

In the US television series Navy CIS , which has been produced since 2003 , the CID played a certain role in some episodes, in the form of Army Lt. Col. Hollis Mann portrayed by actress Susanna Thompson .

In addition, the CID investigates in the film Defenseless - The General's Daughter (1999) in the murder of a female captain. The investigating warrant officers are represented by John Travolta and Madeleine Stowe .

See also

Web links

Commons : United States Army Criminal Investigation Command  - Collection of pictures, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. www.cid.army.mil ( Memento of the original from March 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. CID Command Group> CID Commanding General. Accessed December 31, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cid.army.mil
  2. CID - CRC ( Memento of the original from June 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cid.army.mil
  3. CID - 3rd Military Police Group (CID) ( Memento of the original from June 4, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cid.army.mil
  4. CID - 202nd Military Police Group (CID) ( Memento of the original from June 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cid.army.mil
  5. CID - 6th Military Police Group (CIC) ( Memento of the original of July 9, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.lewis.army.mil
  6. CID - 701st Military Police Group (CID) ( Memento of the original from June 5, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cid.army.mil