United States Marshals Service

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

United States Marshals Service
- USMS -

Seal of the United States Marshals Service.svg
State level Federal authority
position Civil judicial authority
Supervisory authority Ministry of Justice
founding September 24, 1789
Headquarters Arlington County , Virginia
Authority management Donald W. Washington
( Director )
David Anderson
( Acting Deputy Director )
Servants 5.116
Web presence www.usmarshals.gov

The United States Marshals Service (USMS) is an agency of the United States Department of Justice . Its original role is to protect the federal courts of the United States and to keep the judiciary running smoothly. Similarly, there are also marshals at the state and regional levels with similar responsibilities. Numerous other tasks have been added since the company was founded.

Since Stacia Hylton retired in 2015, the agency has been headed by her former Deputy Director, David Harlow. Donald W. Washington has been Director of the USMS since March 2019 .

history

Police Star of the US Marshals Service

On September 24, 1789, President George Washington appointed the first 13 US marshals. After that, the US marshals and their employees had performed various services in addition to their main task in the judiciary, from the census (1790-1870) to securing federal borders and enforcing prohibition (from 1920) to protecting the president (who is today by the Secret Service is carried out).

The US Marshals played an important role in the implementation of the law in the pioneering days of the United States in the 19th century (especially in its second half). Well-known Deputy US Marshals of this time were, among others, the brothers Virgil (1843-1905) and Wyatt Earp (1848-1929) and "Wild Bill" Hickok (1837-1876).

In 1894 the US Marshals were also used to break the strike in the works of the Pullman Palace Car Company (so-called Pullman strike ). In 1896, the United States Congress passed federal rules on the recruitment and payment of deputy US marshals .

From 1960 to 1965, US marshals guarded threatened civil rights activists such as the African-American student James Meredith at the University of Mississippi . Two people died, 48 soldiers and 30 US marshals were wounded during the outbreaks of violence at the university.

In 1969 the US Marshals Service (USMS) was created as the central authority that oversees the US Marshals. In 1995 the Justice Prisoner and Alien Transportation System (JPATS) was established to transport prisoners and deport illegal immigrants to their home countries.

assignment

The tasks of the US Marshals Service today include the enforcement of federal law in the judicial sector, e.g. B. arrests , transport of prisoners , witness protection , personal protection of ministers / state secretaries / senior officials, protection of events and threatened organizations (formerly e.g. civil rights activists, now e.g. abortion clinics) and the administration of seized assets of companies. The US Marshals Service carried out about 55% of all through federal courts issued arrest warrants .

organization

The US Marshals Service is based in Arlington , Virginia , on the Potomac River , directly across from Washington, DC and reports directly to the Attorney General . From here, all processes are controlled nationwide. A specialty is the Special Operations Group (SOG) located in the Marshals Service Tactical Operations Center at Camp Beauregard , Louisiana . The former director, Stacia Hylton, was a member of the SOG in 1991.

The Justice Prisoner and Alien Transportation System organizational unit is responsible for deportations (prisoners and expulsions) and the demonstration service . This is based in Kansas City , Missouri .

Each US Marshal, as well as the US Marshals Service Director and Deputy , is nominated by the President of the United States and must be approved by the Senate .

Each a US Marshal directs activities is one of 94 US Marshals Service District Offices to 94 which  federal jurisdictions ( Federal Judicial District ) correspond to the United States. He is assisted by a Chief Deputy US Marshal as Chief of Staff who is in front of the Deputy US Marshals assigned to the district as well as law enforcement officers and administrative employees. A total of 94 US Marshals, 3,571 (Chief) Deputy US Marshals, along with 1,451 law enforcement officers and administrative employees form the backbone of the institution.

organization structure

  • Director of the US Marshals Service
    • Office of Equal Employment Opportunity
    • Office of General Counsel
    • Deputy Director of the US Marshals Service
      • Office of Professional Responsibility
      • Associate Director for Operations
      • Chief Financial Officer
        • Financial Services Division
      • Associate Director for Administration
        • Training Division
        • Human Resources Division
        • Information Technology Division
        • Management Support Division
        • Office of Public and Congressional Affairs
        • Asset Forfeiture Division

Organizational means

In the increasingly networked infrastructure of the so-called intelligence community in the USA, the Marshals Service manages the Joint Automated Booking System , via which police organizations in the USA can access data on inmates.

Officer

US Federal Civil Servant
Classification and Grade 		Official title German equivalent
SL-0082-01 US Marshal President of a Federal Police Directorate (B6 / OF-6)
GS-0082-15 US Marshal Chief Police Director (A 16 / OF-5)
GS-0082-15 Chief Deputy US Marshal Chief Police Director (A 16 / OF-5)
GS-0082-14 Chief Deputy US Marshal Police Director (A15 / OF-4)
GS-0082-13 Assistant Chief Deputy US Marshal Higher Police Council (A14 / OF-4)
GS-1811-13 Deputy US Marshal
[Criminal Investigator]		 Superior Criminal Police (A14 / OF-4)
GS-0082-12 Supervisory Deputy US Marshal Police Council (A13 / OF-3)
GS-1811-12 Deputy US Marshal
[Criminal Investigator]		 Kriminalrat (A13 / OF-3)
GS-0082-11 Deputy US Marshal
Five years as Deputy 		Police Chief Inspector (A11 / OF-2)
GS-0082-09 Deputy US Marshal
Third year as Deputy 		Police High Commissioner (A10 / OF-1)
GS-0082-07 Deputy US Marshal
Second year as Deputy 		Police Commissioner (A9 / OF-1)
GS-0082-05 Deputy US Marshal
First year as a Deputy 		Police Master (A7 / OR-6)

photos

  • U.S. Marshals escort Ruby Bridges to school, New Orleans 1960

  • US marshals on access

  • US Marshal on a JPATS flight

  • US Marshals securing a prisoner transport

Media reception

literature

  • Fredrick S. Calhoun: The Lawmen. United States Marshals and Their Deputies, 1789-1989. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC 1989, ISBN 0-87474-396-6 (English).
  • Dietmar Kügler: You died in your boots. Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-87943-415-8 .
  • Robert Sabbag: Too Tough To Die. Down and Dangerous with the US Marshals. Simon & Schuster, New York NY a. a. 1992, ISBN 0-671-66094-2 (English).

Web links

Commons : United States Marshals Service  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ www.usmarshals.gov History (Engl.). Accessed June 11, 2010.
  2. ^ A b Donald W. Washington Confirmed as Director of the United States Marshals Service. Accessed August 8, 2019 .
  3. ↑ United States Marshals Service. US Marshals Service website, accessed July 18, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b Facts and Figures. US Marshals Service website, accessed July 18, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Maggie Ybarra: US Marshals director retires amid mismanagement probe. The Washington Times, May 9, 2015, accessed December 11, 2017 .
  6. ↑ Organization chart of the US Marshals Service. United States Department of Justice , accessed July 18, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Strategic Plan USMS 2012-2016 PDF, page 16, (English), online, accessed on September 14, 2014
  8. ↑ JABS on the United States Marshals Service website; accessed on October 12, 2014.
  9. ↑ MILITARY. GRADE. CIVILIAN GRADE EQUIVALENT 2016-07-19.